The Response of to the Interaction with Human Neutrophils.

The fungal pathogen causes systemic mycosis Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), which presents a broad distribution in Latin America. Upon infection, the fungus undergoes a morphological transition to yeast cells and provokes an inflammatory granulomatous reaction with a high number of neutrophils in the lungs. In this work, we employed proteomic analysis to investigate the in vitro response of the fungus to the interaction with human neutrophils.

The State of the Art in Transcriptomics and Proteomics of Clinically Relevant Species.

Proteomics provide a robust approach to profile and quantify proteins within cells, organs, or tissues, providing comprehensive insights about the dynamics of cellular processes, modifications, and interactions. Similarly, understanding the transcriptome is essential to decipher functional elements of the genome, unraveling the mechanisms of disease development and the molecular constituents of cells and tissues. Some thermodimorphic fungi of the genus cause sporotrichosis, a subcutaneous mycosis of worldwide relevance.

Global Molecular Response of to Zinc Deprivation: Analyses at Transcript, Protein and MicroRNA Levels.

Zinc is one of the main micronutrients for all organisms. One of the defense mechanisms used by the host includes the sequestration of metals used in fungal metabolism, such as iron and zinc. There are several mechanisms that maintain the balance in the intracellular zinc supply.

3-phenacylideneoxindoles as a new class of antifungal compounds against spp.

Considering the need to identify new compounds with antifungal action, the activity of five 3-phenacylideneoxindoles compounds was evaluated. The compounds were synthesized, and their antifungal activity was elucidated through minimum inhibitory concentration tests and interaction assay with other antifungals. Potential targets of compounds were predicted .

Murine macrophages do not support the proliferation of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis amastigotes even in absence of nitric oxide and presence of high arginase activity.

Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis is the main species responsible for American tegumentary leishmaniasis in Brazil. Nevertheless, the use of this parasite species to study Leishmania infection in the murine model has been less conducted when compared with other Leishmania species. The control of murine infection with Leishmania has been associated with nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) from M1 macrophages, while arginase expressed by M2 macrophages is related to Leishmania proliferation.

Challenges in Serologic Diagnostics of Neglected Human Systemic Mycoses: An Overview on Characterization of New Targets.

Systemic mycoses have been viewed as neglected diseases and they are responsible for deaths and disabilities around the world. Rapid, low-cost, simple, highly-specific and sensitive diagnostic tests are critical components of patient care, disease control and active surveillance. However, the diagnosis of fungal infections represents a great challenge because of the decline in the expertise needed for identifying fungi, and a reduced number of instruments and assays specific to fungal identification.

In vitro and in silico analysis reveals antifungal activity and potential targets of curcumin on Paracoccidioides spp.

The search for new compounds with activity against Paracoccidioides, etiologic agents of Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), is extremely necessary due to the current scenario of the available therapeutic arsenal. Treatment is restricted to three classes of antifungals with side effects. Curcumin is a polyphenol with antifungal effects that is extracted from Curcuma longa.

The dual role of SrbA from Paracoccidioides lutzii: a hypoxic regulator.

The fungus Paracoccidioides lutzii is one of the species of the Paracoccidioides genus, responsible for a neglected human mycosis, endemic in Latin America, the paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM). In order to survive in the host, the fungus overcomes a hostile environment under low levels of oxygen (hypoxia) during the infectious process. The hypoxia adaptation mechanisms are variable among human pathogenic fungi and worthy to be investigated in Paracoccidoides spp.

Interacting with Hemoglobin: spp. Recruits hsp30 on Its Cell Surface for Enhanced Ability to Use This Iron Source.

spp. are thermally dimorphic fungi that cause paracoccidioidomycosis and can affect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals. The infection can lead to moderate or severe illness and death.

MiRNAs regulate iron homeostasis in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.

During pathogen interaction with the host, several mechanisms are used to favor or inhibit the infectious process; one is called nutritional immunity, characterized by restriction of micronutrients to pathogens. Several studies on fungi of the Paracoccidioides complex, have demonstrated that these pathogens remodel their metabolic pathways to overcome the hostile condition imposed by the host. However, molecular mechanisms that control the regulation of those metabolic changes are not fully understood.

The "Little Iron Waltz": The Ternary Response of spp. to Iron Deprivation.

is a genus of thermodimorphic fungi that causes paracoccidioidomycosis. When in the host, the fungus undergoes several challenges, including iron deprivation imposed by nutritional immunity. In response to the iron deprivation triggered by the host, the fungus responds in a ternary manner using mechanisms of high affinity and specificity for the uptake of Fe, namely non-classical reductive iron uptake pathway, uptake of host iron proteins, and biosynthesis and uptake of siderophores.

Metabolic Adaptation of in Response to Copper Deprivation.

Copper is an essential micronutrient for the performance of important biochemical processes such as respiration detoxification, and uptake of metals like iron. Studies have shown that copper deprivation is a strategy used by the host against pathogenic fungi such as and during growth and development of infections in the lungs and kidneys. Although there are some studies, little is known about the impact of copper deprivation in members of the genus.

Molecular characterization of siderophore biosynthesis in s .

Iron is an essential nutrient for all organisms. For pathogenic fungi, iron is essential for the success of infection. Thus, these organisms have developed high affinity iron uptake mechanisms to deal with metal deprivation imposed by the host.

Investigation of thiosemicarbazide free or within chitosan nanoparticles in a murine model of vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a serious health problem affecting numerous women around the world. Its treatment is based on antifungals which may not provide an effective cure because of the resistance presented by its etiological pathogens Candida spp. Candida albicans is the most prevalent species related to vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Copper overload in Paracoccidioides lutzii results in the accumulation of ergosterol and melanin.

Paracoccidioidomycosis is a highly prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America, caused by fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides. Copper is essential for eukaryotes and bacteria. This micronutrient is used in many vital biochemical processes, although metal excess levels can be toxic for organisms.

Immunoproteomic Approach of Extracellular Antigens From Species Reveals Exclusive B-Cell Epitopes.

Fungi of the genus are the etiological agents of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), a systemic mycosis restricted to the countries of Latin America. Currently, the complex is represented by , , , , and . Even with advances in techniques used for diagnosing fungal diseases, high rates of false-positive results for PCM are still presented.

Antifungal activity of Copaíba resin oil in solution and nanoemulsion against Paracoccidioides spp.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a disease caused by fungi of the genus Paracoccidioides. The disease is responsible for high rates of premature deaths and socioeconomic repercussions. The limitations of antifungal agents against PCM have motivated the search for new compounds.

Identification and characterization of Paracoccidioides lutzii proteins interacting with macrophages.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), caused by thermodimorphic fungi of the Paracoccidioides genus, is a systemic disorder that involves the lungs and other organs. The adherence of pathogenic microorganisms to host tissues is an essential event in the onset of colonization and spread. The host-pathogen interaction is a complex interplay between the defense mechanisms of the host and the efforts of pathogenic microorganisms to colonize it.

Eighty Years of Mycopathologia: A Retrospective Analysis of Progress Made in Understanding Human and Animal Fungal Pathogens.

Mycopathologia was founded in 1938 to 'diffuse the understanding of fungal diseases in man and animals among mycologists.' This was an important mission considering that pathogenic fungi for humans and animals represent a tiny minority of the estimated 1.5-5 million fungal inhabitants on Earth.

A proteomic dataset of secreted proteins by three strains.

This article presents a proteomic dataset generated from a comparative analysis of the exoproteome of ATCC 15305, 7108 and 9325 strains. The extract of secreted proteins were obtained after incubation of stationary phase cells in BHI medium. All samples were submitted to nano-ESI-UPLC-MS, and the spectrum obtained was processed and analyzed by ProteinLynx Global Server (PLGS), Uniprot and Pedant databases, for identification, annotation and functional classification of proteins.

Argentilactone Molecular Targets in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Identified by Chemoproteomics.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the cause of many deaths from systemic mycoses. The etiological agents of PCM belong to the genus, which is restricted to Latin America. The infection is acquired through the inhalation of conidia that primarily lodge in the lungs and may disseminate to other organs and tissues.

Characterization of extracellular proteins in members of the Paracoccidioides complex.

Paracoccidioides is a thermodimorphic fungus that causes Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) - an endemic systemic mycosis in Latin America. The genus comprises several phylogenetic species which present some genetic and serological differences. The diversity presented among isolates of the same genus has been explored in several microorganisms.