Overall survival and cause-specific mortality in a hospital-based cohort of retinoblastoma patients in São Paulo, Brazil.

Studies are lacking on long-term effects among retinoblastoma patients in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, we examined cause-specific mortality in a retrospective cohort of retinoblastoma patients treated at Antonio Candido de Camargo Cancer Center (ACCCC), São Paulo, Brazil from 1986 to 2003 and followed up through December 31, 2018. Vital status and cause of death were ascertained from medical records and multiple national databases.

Immunohistochemistry of apoptosis-related proteins in retinoblastoma.

Retinoblastoma is the most common intraocular malignant neoplasia during childhood and results from the partial or total inactivity of the retinoblastoma protein (pRb). In the absence of pRb, the E2F transcription factors increase the levels of cell cycle proteins as well as some pro-apoptotic proteins. We intended to study the immunohistochemistry profile of apoptotic-related proteins in retinoblastoma.

Serum level of vitamin D3 in cutaneous melanoma.

Objective: To compare the level of vitamin D3 in cutaneous melanoma patients, with or without disease activity, with reference values and with patients from a general hospital.

Methods: The serum levels of vitamin D3 were measured in cutaneous melanoma patients, aged 20 to 88 years, both genders, from January 2010 to December 2013. The samples from the general group were processed at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (control group).

Ethnicity, race, and socioeconomic status influence incidence of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

Background: Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease, and its etiology is not well understood. Population-based studies may contribute to etiologic research by defining incidence patterns. This study was designed to evaluate the descriptive epidemiology of disseminated LCH in the United States, using data from population-based cancer registries.

Abnormal orbital growth in children submitted to enucleation for retinoblastoma treatment.

Enucleation is typically performed for the treatment of advanced retinoblastoma in children. After enucleation, the orbit undergoes abnormal development. In this study, orbital asymmetry was calculated using computed tomography measurements obtained from patients who experienced enucleation for unilateral retinoblastoma.

Evaluation of ototoxicity in children treated for retinoblastoma: preliminary results of a systematic audiological evaluation.

Background: The objective of this study was to identify the ocurrence of hearing loss in children treated for retinoblastoma using a multidisciplinary approach.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-two children were evaluated pre- and post-treatment. Eleven children were treated exclusively with enucleation, fifteen with carboplatin and six with cisplatin.

Low prevalence of HPV in Brazilian children with retinoblastoma.

Retinoblastoma is the most frequent intra-ocular malignant tumor of the childhood, occurring in 1 of 18,000-30,000 live births. Little is known about the causes of sporadic retinoblastoma and only a few authors have investigated the etiologic role of human papillomavirus (HPV), with controversial results. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks containing retinoblastoma were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Pathology at Hospital A C Camargo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Familial retinoblastoma in developing countries.

Background: Although screening for familial retinoblastoma has been shown to be beneficial we suspected that such screening programs may be less than optimal in developing countries (DC).

Methods: Retrospective cohort study comparing patients with familial retinoblastoma from five centers in DC (Argentina, Brazil, Turkey, Jordan, and Venezuela) versus a reference center in the USA.

Results: Ninety-two (32 from the USA and 60 from DC) patients were included.

The addition of ifosfamide/etoposide to cisplatin/teniposide improves the survival of children with retinoblastoma and orbital involvement.

This study aimed to determine the impact of the addition of ifosfamide/etoposide to a regimen containing cisplatin/teniposide on the survival of patients with retinoblastoma with orbital involvement. Thirty patients were treated at the A. C.

Secondary acute myelogenous leukemia in patients with retinoblastoma: is chemotherapy a factor?

Purpose: To describe a series of patients with secondary acute myelogenous leukemia (sAML) and retinoblastoma (RB).

Design: Retrospective observational cases series.

Participants: Ocular and pediatric oncologists at referral centers in Europe and the Americas and the RB databases at the National Institutes of Health and the Ophthalmic Oncology Service at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.

Risk factors for extraocular relapse following enucleation after failure of chemoreduction in retinoblastoma.

Objective: To assess the outcome and determine risk factors for extraocular relapse in patients with retinoblastoma who had been enucleated after failure of chemoreduction.

Methods: Retrospective study (1995-2002) at three institutions. Pathological risk factors (PRF) were defined as invasion of the anterior segment, choroid, post-laminar optic nerve, subarachnoid space, or sclera according to the local pathology report.

Retinoblastoma in children older than 5 years of age.

Background: Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor of the embryonic neural retina. About 80% of cases are diagnosed before age 4, with a median age at diagnosis of 2 years.

Objective: To determine characteristics and prognosis of retinoblastoma in children older than 5 years.

Treatment of retinoblastoma patients with chemoreduction plus local therapy: experience of the AC Camargo Hospital, Brazil.

To evaluate the efficacy of conservative management of intraocular retinoblastoma with chemoreduction combined with local therapy with or without plaque radiation in the preservation of the eye, and avoidance of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) (success rate). From 1995 to 2000, 84 newly diagnosed patients with intraocular retinoblastoma were admitted to the Pediatric Department of the Hospital do Cancer A.C.

Trilateral retinoblastoma.

Background: Trilateral retinoblastoma (TRB) is a syndrome consisting of unilateral or bilateral hereditary retinoblastoma (Rb) associated with an intracranial neuroblastic tumor. Although its incidence is low, the prognosis is very poor. This article reports four cases of TRB and discusses the role of neuroimaging screening for early detection.

Trends in eye cancer mortality among children in Brazil, 1980-2002.

Background: In the last few decades mortality from childhood cancers has shown substantial declines in industrialized countries, with smaller favorable trends in South America.

Objective: This study describes mortality trends in childhood eye cancer in Brazil from 1980 to 2002.

Procedure: Age-specific eye cancer death rates (0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years) were calculated according to gender.

A proposal for an international retinoblastoma staging system.

Background: Although intra-retinal tumor has long been staged presurgically according to the Reese-Ellsworth (R-E) system, retinoblastoma differs from other pediatric neoplasms in never having had a widely accepted classification system that encompasses the entire spectrum of the disease. Comparisons among studies that consider disease extension, risk factors for extra-ocular relapse, and response to therapy require a universally accepted staging system for extra-ocular disease.

Procedure: A committee of retinoblastoma experts from large centers worldwide has developed a consensus classification that can encompass all retinoblastoma cases and is presented herein.

High-dose-rate brachytherapy as part of a multidisciplinary treatment of nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma in childhood.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in childhood is rare. Radiochemotherapy is considered the standard treatment and yields increased survival and local control rates. In this article, the authors report on the results from the multidisciplinary treatment of pediatric patients who had nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma with radiochemotherapy, including high-dose-rate brachytherapy of the primary tumor site.

[The Pediatrician's ability to recognize the presenting signs and symptoms of retinoblastoma].

Background: Retinoblastoma is the most frequent primary intraocular tumor in children. The most common presenting sign is leukocoria and the second one is strabism. In the developing countries extra ocular disease is seen more frequently because of delayed referral.

Extraocular retinoblastoma: a 13-year experience.

Background: The current study was performed to evaluate two regimens of treatment and to describe clinical and epidemiologic characteristics in patients with extraocular retinoblastoma.

Methods: Eighty-three patients with extraocular retinoblastoma according to Childrens Cancer Group (CCG) classification were admitted to the Pediatric Department of the A. C.