Tackling the Triple Threat in Kenya: Factors Associated with Protection against HIV Risk, Gender-Based Violence, and Pregnancy among Adolescent Girls and Young Women.

The government of Kenya's Triple Threat strategy recognises the need for urgent intervention to address the high incidence of HIV, gender-based violence (GBV) and pregnancy among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). We used nationally representative data among AGYW aged 13-24 (n = 1344) from the 2018-19 Kenya Violence Against Children & Youth Survey (VACS) in multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine associations between three potential protective factors - gender-equitable attitudes, food security and parental monitoring - and outcomes related to the triple threat: Intimate partner violence (IPV); sexual violence; high HIV exposure risk; adolescent pregnancy; child marriage; and not being in school or paid work. Results showed that AGYW with gender-equitable attitudes were less likely to report IPV (adjusted odds-ratio (aOR):0.

Adolescent age is an independent risk factor for abnormal spirometry among people living with HIV in Kenya.

Objectives: As life expectancy of people living with HIV (PLWH) improves in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), the spectrum of HIV-related pulmonary complications may reflect a greater burden of chronic lung diseases as in high-income countries. We determined whether the risk of abnormal spirometry was greater among adolescent compared with adult PLWH at the Coptic Hope Center for Infectious Diseases in Nairobi, Kenya, and evaluated the role of other cofactors for abnormal spirometry.

Design: We prospectively enrolled adolescent and adult PLWH for this cross-sectional study.