Cervical Cancer Prevention in Individuals With Criminal Legal System Involvement.

Objectives: Women with a history of criminal legal system involvement have cervical cancer rates that are 4-5 times higher than the general population-a disparity that has persisted for nearly 50 years. Our objective is to describe the intersection of mass incarceration in the United States and risk factors for cervical cancer to offer equitable prevention and treatment strategies for the field.

Results: A group was convened by American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology members and experts in the field to address a topic of importance relevant to cervical cancer elimination in underserved groups.

Factors Associated with the Uptake of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception and Contraceptive Use in Postpartum People with HIV at a Single Tertiary Care Center.

Objective:  This study aimed to elucidate factors contributing to uptake of highly effective contraception, including permanent contraception, and no contraceptive plan among postpartum people with HIV (PWHIV).

Study Design:  A retrospective cohort analysis was conducted to correlate postpartum birth control (PPBC) with sociodemographic and biomedical variables among postpartum PWHIV who received care at The Ruth M. Rothstein CORE Center and delivered at John H.

Executive Summary of the Lower Anogenital Tract Cancer Evidence Review Conference.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sponsored a project conducted by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists to develop educational materials for clinicians on the prevention and early diagnosis of gynecologic cancers. For this final module, focusing on the cancers of the lower anogenital tract (vulva, vagina, and anus), a panel of experts in evidence assessment from the Society for Academic Specialists in General Obstetrics and Gynecology, ASCCP, and the Society of Gynecologic Oncology reviewed relevant literature and current guidelines. Panel members conducted structured literature reviews, which were then reviewed by other panel members.

Improving Colposcopy Education Through Images: A Preliminary Assessment of an Image-Based Mobile App for Colposcopic Education.

Objectives: Colposcopy is an indispensable part of cervical cancer screening. However, in most training programs, there is little by way of a formalized curriculum. We created an image-based teaching tool and hypothesized that this tool, in a mobile app format, would increase resident comfort with colposcopic practice and quantitatively increase their ability to correlate colposcopic images with impressions.

Premature and early menopause among US women with or at risk for HIV.

Objective: Little is known about the prevalence and treatment of premature and early menopause among people with HIV. We described premature and early menopause and subsequent hormonal treatment in a longitudinal cohort of women living with or at risk for HIV in the US.

Methods: Data from the Women's Interagency HIV Study between 2008 and 2020 were analyzed to describe premature and early menopause among cohort participants under the age of 51.

Associations between HIV, antiretroviral therapy and preterm birth in the US Women's Interagency HIV Study, 1995-2018: a prospective cohort.

Objective: To evaluate the associations of HIV infection with preterm birth (PTB), and of HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) with PTB.

Methods: We analysed singleton live-born pregnancies among women from 1995 to 2019 in the Women's Interagency HIV Study, a prospective cohort of US women with, or at risk for, HIV. The primary exposures were HIV status and ART use before delivery [none, monotherapy or dual therapy, or highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)].

A County Hospital Experience with Reproductive Travelers to the United States for Obstetric Care: Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes.

To describe the maternal and neonatal outcomes, health care utilization, and cost to reproductive travelers for obstetric care (RTOC) at a single institution. A retrospective chart review was conducted of women identified as reproductive travelers who delivered at Stroger Hospital in Chicago, IL when a self-pay package of obstetrical services was offered. Data included maternal characteristics and obstetric and neonatal outcomes.

Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Pregnancy: The Experience at an Urban Safety Net Hospital.

Shortly after the identification of a novel coronavirus, the coronavirus disease 2019, or COVID-19, a global pandemic was declared. There have been conflicting data about the severity of COVID-19 disease course in pregnant women, with most US data suggesting an increase in severity and increased need for hospitalization and intubation in obstetric patients. In the general population, the disease is more common among racial and ethnic minority populations, and severity is increased with comorbid conditions and obesity.

Prevalence of Inadequate Cervical Cancer Screening in Low-Income Older Women.

At age 65 years, cervical cancer screening is not recommended in women with an adequate history of negative screening tests in the previous 10 years if they do not have other high-risk factors for cervical cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the proportion of older low-income women at a safety net urban hospital system without other risk factors for cervical cancer who should have cervical cancer screening because of an inadequate screening history, and to evaluate if they were triaged appropriately. Medical records from 200 women 65 years and older at the Gynecology clinic of John H.

Prolonged Amenorrhea and Resumption of Menses in Women with HIV.

Objective: To compare etiologies of prolonged amenorrhea in a cohort of HIV-infected women with a cohort of similar uninfected at-risk women.

Materials And Methods: Women from the Women's Interagency HIV Study were seen every 6 months, and completed surveys including questions about their menstruation. Those who reported no vaginal bleeding for at least 1 year ("prolonged amenorrhea") with subsequent resumption of bleeding were compared with women in whom bleeding had stopped permanently ("menopause").

Predictors of Persistent or Recurrent Disease After Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure.

Objective: Follow-up recommendations after an excisional procedure vary depending on whether or not there is a positive ectocervical or endocervical margin or endocervical curettage (ECC). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the importance of these findings in predicting recurrent/persistent (r/p) disease in a sample of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and -negative patients.

Materials And Methods: Loop electrosurgical excision procedures with a concurrent ECC performed at the Cook County ambulatory clinic between September 29, 2008, and April 15, 2014 were included in this study.

The Effects of Viral Load Burden on Pregnancy Loss among HIV-Infected Women in the United States.

Background: To evaluate the effects of HIV viral load, measured cross-sectionally and cumulatively, on the risk of miscarriage or stillbirth (pregnancy loss) among HIV-infected women enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study between 1994 and 2013.

Methods: We assessed three exposures: most recent viral load measure before the pregnancy ended, log10 copy-years viremia from initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to conception, and log10 copy-years viremia in the two years before conception.

Results: The risk of pregnancy loss for those with log10 viral load >4.

Care of the human immunodeficiency virus-infected menopausal woman.

More women than ever before are both human immunodeficiency virus infected and menopausal, because of increased survival and more frequent diagnosis in older women. Such a woman has the combined burden of her infection, its treatment, comorbid conditions, and aging. Thus, she is at risk for a variety of problems, such as disorders of bone mineral density and deficiencies in cognitive functioning.

Factors influencing persistence or recurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia after loop electrosurgical excision procedure.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the predictors of persistent or recurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) after a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) procedure in an urban population of low socioeconomic status.

Methods: A database was created using information about LEEPs done between October 2004 and December 2008 at John H. Stroger Jr.

Histology of loop electrosurgical excision procedures performed on women younger than 21 years and 65 years or older.

Objective: To examine the prevalence and histology of loop electrosurgical excision procedures (LEEPs) done on women who are outside the age limits of the updated guidelines for cervical cytologic screening.

Materials And Methods: A database of all LEEPs performed between October 2004 and November 2009 was created. All data on age, human immunodeficiency virus status, cytology and histology before the procedure, and histology of the LEEP specimen were collected.

A comparison of loop electrosurgical excision procedures between human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive and -seronegative women.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare preoperative and postoperative factors between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seropositive and -seronegative women having a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Our hypothesis is that cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) presents differently in immunocompromised women.

Materials And Methods: A database of LEEPs performed from October 2004 to November 2009 at John H.

Gynecologic issues in the HIV-infected woman.

In this article, gynecologic conditions of increased importance in the HIV-infected woman are discussed. Women living with HIV may have an increase in menstrual disorders, lower genital tract neoplasias, gynecologic surgery, and sexually transmitted infections. The literature relevant to choosing a method of contraception for HIV-positive women is also discussed.

Biologic markers of ovarian reserve and reproductive aging: application in a cohort study of HIV infection in women.

Objective: To compare Müllerian inhibiting substance (MIS) levels in serum obtained during the early follicular phase to those obtained randomly during the menstrual cycle. To determine whether HIV infection influences early follicular MIS levels, an early marker of ovarian aging.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Hysterectomy among women with HIV: indications and incidence.

Objective: To describe hysterectomy rates and indications among women with HIV and to compare them with at-risk HIV-seronegative women.

Methods: Reports of hysterectomy were collected from 3752 participants in a prospective cohort study of women with HIV and comparison uninfected women. Available operative notes were retrieved and abstracted.

Effects of human immunodeficiency virus on protracted amenorrhea and ovarian dysfunction.

Objective: To characterize ovarian failure and prolonged amenorrhea from other causes in women who are both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositive and seronegative.

Methods: This was a cohort study nested in the Women's Interagency HIV Study, a multicenter U.S.

Histologic findings after a colposcopic biopsy showing CIN2.

Objective: To determine the risk of CIN3 and cancer in subsequent specimens among women with colposcopic biopsy showing CIN2.

Methods: A retrospective review of demographic and medical information collected at colposcopy. Patient records were again reviewed 8 to 26 months later for information on procedures and histology results.

The occurrence of vaginal infections among HIV-infected and high-risk HIV-uninfected women: longitudinal findings of the women's interagency HIV study.

Objectives: To evaluate changes over time in rates of bacterial vaginosis (BV), trichomoniasis (TV), and yeast vaginitis (YV) among HIV-infected and similar HIV-uninfected women.

Methods: Two thousand fifty-six HIV-infected women and 554 HIV-uninfected women were evaluated semiannually from 1994 until March 2003 in a prospective cohort study. BV was diagnosed by Gram stain, TV by wet mount, and YV by symptoms with microscopically visible hyphae or positive culture.

Risk of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among young women with abnormal screening cytology.

Objective: To estimate the risk of high-grade cervical disease among teenage women with abnormal cytology.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database of females undergoing colposcopy for abnormal screening cytology in an urban dysplasia clinic.

Results: Among 211 eligible teens, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were found in 17 (8%) on referral cytology and 4 (2%) on repeat cytology.