Crossover shortage in potato is caused by StMSH4 mutant alleles and leads to either highly uniform unreduced pollen or sterility.

The balanced segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis is essential for fertility and is mediated by crossovers (COs). A strong reduction of CO number leads to the unpairing of homologous chromosomes after the withdrawal of the synaptonemal complex. This results in the random segregation of univalents during meiosis I and ultimately to the production of unbalanced and sterile gametes.

The origin and widespread occurrence of Sli-based self-compatibility in potato.

Self-compatible (SC) diploid potatoes allow innovative potato breeding. Therefore, the Sli gene, originally described in S. chacoense, has received much attention.

Ty-6, a major begomovirus resistance gene on chromosome 10, is effective against Tomato yellow leaf curl virus and Tomato mottle virus.

Ty-6 is a major resistance gene on chromosome 10 of tomato that provides resistance against monopartite and bipartite begomoviruses and complements resistance conferred by the known Ty-3 and ty-5 genes. Resistance to monopartite and bipartite begomoviruses is an important breeding objective for cultivated tomato. Several begomovirus resistance genes have been introgressed from related Solanum species and are available for breeding purposes.

Exploring genetic variation in the tomato (Solanum section Lycopersicon) clade by whole-genome sequencing.

We explored genetic variation by sequencing a selection of 84 tomato accessions and related wild species representative of the Lycopersicon, Arcanum, Eriopersicon and Neolycopersicon groups, which has yielded a huge amount of precious data on sequence diversity in the tomato clade. Three new reference genomes were reconstructed to support our comparative genome analyses. Comparative sequence alignment revealed group-, species- and accession-specific polymorphisms, explaining characteristic fruit traits and growth habits in the various cultivars.

Removing celiac disease-related gluten proteins from bread wheat while retaining technological properties: a study with Chinese Spring deletion lines.

Background: Gluten proteins can induce celiac disease (CD) in genetically susceptible individuals. In CD patients gluten-derived peptides are presented to the immune system, which leads to a CD4+ T-cell mediated immune response and inflammation of the small intestine. However, not all gluten proteins contain T-cell stimulatory epitopes.