Image-guided patient-specific prediction of interstitial fluid flow and drug transport in solid tumors.

Tumor fluid dynamics and drug delivery simulations in solid tumors are highly relevant topics in clinical oncology. The current study introduces a novel method combining computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; including dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and diffusion-weighted (DW) MRI), and a novel ex-vivo protocol to generate patient-specific models of solid tumors in four patients with peritoneal metastases. DCE-MRI data were analyzed using the extended Tofts model to estimate the spatial distribution of tumor capillary permeability using the K parameter.

Pelophen B is a non-taxoid binding microtubule-stabilizing agent with promising preclinical anticancer properties.

Taxanes, such as paclitaxel (PTX), stabilize microtubules and are used as a first-line therapy in multiple cancer types. Disruption of microtubule equilibrium, which plays an essential role in mitosis and cell homeostasis, ultimately results in cell death. Even though PTX is a very potent chemotherapy, its use is associated with major side effects and therapy resistance.

Phase I PIANO trial-PIPAC-oxaliplatin and systemic nivolumab combination for gastric cancer peritoneal metastases: clinical and translational outcomes.

Introduction: Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy-oxaliplatin (PIPAC-OX) induces direct DNA damage and immunogenic cell death in patients with gastric cancer peritoneal metastases (GCPM). Combining PIPAC-OX with immune checkpoint inhibition remains untested. We conducted a phase I first-in-human trial evaluating the safety and efficacy of PIPAC-OX combined with systemic nivolumab (NCT03172416).

A multidisciplinary team and patient perspective on omission of surgery after neoadjuvant systemic therapy for early breast cancer: A European Society of Surgical Oncology (ESSO) Research Academy survey.

Background: Surgical de-escalation aims to reduce morbidity without compromising oncological outcomes. Trials to de-escalate breast cancer (BC) surgery among exceptional responders after neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NST) are ongoing. Combined patient and clinician insights on this strategy are unknown.

Surgical management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors - An EYSAC and E-AHPBA international survey of current practice.

Introduction: Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNET) exhibit a wide spectrum of clinical behavior, which makes their assessment and management quite challenging. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the existing treatment landscape for patients with pNET.

Materials And Methods: The study was conducted with the support of the ESSO-EYSAC Research Academy in collaboration with the E-AHPBA.

Assessment of Intraoperative Scoring Systems for Predicting Cytoreduction Outcome in Peritoneal Metastatic Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Cytoreductive surgery (CRS) is a widely acknowledged treatment approach for peritoneal metastasis, showing favorable prognosis and long-term survival. Intraoperative scoring systems quantify tumoral burden before CRS and may predict complete cytoreduction (CC). This study reviews the intraoperative scoring systems for predicting CC and optimal cytoreduction (OC) and evaluates the predictive performance of the Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) and Predictive Index Value (PIV).

Early postoperative systemic inflammatory response as predictor of anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Purpose: Postesophagectomy anastomotic leakage occurs in up to 16% of patients and is the main cause of morbidity and mortality. The leak severity is determined by the extent of contamination and the degree of sepsis, both of which are related to the time from onset to treatment. Early prediction based on inflammatory biomarkers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, white blood cell counts, albumin levels, and combined Noble-Underwood (NUn) scores can guide early management.

Standardizing eligibility and patient selection for Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy: A Delphi consensus statement.

Introduction: Pressurized Intraperitoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is a procedure for minimally invasive drug administration in patients with peritoneal metastasis. Previous studies have emphasized the importance of uniformity in treatment protocols and standardization of this practice. This study aimed to reach a consensus on eligibility, patient selection, and choice of chemotherapy for PIPAC.

Hydraulic conductivity of human cancer tissue: A hybrid study.

Background: Elevated tumor tissue interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) is an adverse biomechanical biomarker that predicts poor therapy response and an aggressive phenotype. Advances in functional imaging have opened the prospect of measuring IFP non-invasively. Image-based estimation of the IFP requires knowledge of the tissue hydraulic conductivity (), a measure for the ease of bulk flow through the interstitium.

Systemic Inflammatory Response and the Noble and Underwood (NUn) Score as Early Predictors of Anastomotic Leakage after Esophageal Reconstructive Surgery.

Anastomotic leakage (AL) remains the main cause of post-esophagectomy morbidity and mortality. Early detection can avoid sepsis and reduce morbidity and mortality. This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy of the Nun score and its components as early detectors of AL.

Preclinical Activity of Two Paclitaxel Nanoparticle Formulations After Intraperitoneal Administration in Ovarian Cancer Murine Xenografts.

Background: Epithelial ovarian cancer is associated with high mortality due to diagnosis at later stages associated with peritoneal involvement. Several trials have evaluated the effect of intraperitoneal treatment. In this preclinical study, we report the efficacy, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of intraperitoneal treatment with two approved nanomolecular formulations of paclitaxel (nab-PTX and mic-PTX) in a murine ovarian cancer xenograft model.

Development and validation of an UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of irinotecan (CPT-11), SN-38 and SN-38 glucuronide in human plasma and peritoneal tumor tissue from patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Irinotecan (CPT-11), an antineoplastic drug, is used for the treatment of colorectal and pancreatic cancer due to its topoisomerase I inhibitory activity. CPT-11 is a prodrug which is converted to its active metabolite SN-38 by carboxylesterases. SN-38 is further metabolized to its inactive metabolite SN-38 glucuronide.

CO-Driven Nebulization of pH-Sensitive Supramolecular Polymers for Intraperitoneal Hydrogel Formation and the Treatment of Peritoneal Metastasis.

Because peritoneal metastasis (PM) from ovarian cancer is characterized by non-specific symptoms, it is often diagnosed at advanced stages. Pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) can be considered a promising drug delivery method for unresectable PM. Currently, the efficacy of intraperitoneal (IP) drug delivery is limited by the off-label use of IV chemotherapeutic solutions, which are rapidly cleared from the IP cavity.

Variations in the definition and perceived importance of positive resection margins in patients with colorectal cancer - an EYSAC international survey.

Introduction: Microscopically positive resection margins (R1) are associated with poorer outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer. However, different definitions of R1 margins exist. It is unclear to what extent the definitions used in everyday clinical practice differ within and between nations.

Descriptive review of current practices and prognostic factors in patients with ovarian cancer treated by pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC): a multicentric, retrospective, cohort of 234 patients.

Introduction: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the primary cause of mortality in women diagnosed with gynecological cancer. Our study assessed pressurized intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC) as treatment for peritoneal surface metastases (PSM) from recurrent or progressive OC and conducted survival analyses to identify prognostic factors.

Material And Methods: This retrospective cohort study, conducted across 18 international centers, analyzed the clinical practices of patients receiving palliative treatment for PSM from OC who underwent PIPAC.

Effects of Hyperthermia and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemoperfusion on the Peritoneal and Tumor Immune Contexture.

Hyperthermia combined with intraperitoneal (IP) drug delivery is increasingly used in the treatment of peritoneal metastases (PM). Hyperthermia enhances tumor perfusion and increases drug penetration after IP delivery. The peritoneum is increasingly recognized as an immune-privileged organ with its own distinct immune microenvironment.

Smart hydrogels delivered by high pressure aerosolization can prevent peritoneal adhesions.

Postoperative peritoneal adhesions occur in the majority of patients undergoing intra-abdominal surgery and are one of the leading causes of hospital re-admission. There is an unmet clinical need for effective anti-adhesive biomaterials, which can be applied evenly across the damaged tissues. We examined three different responsive hydrogel types, i.

Current practice in assessment and management of malnutrition in surgical oncology practice - An ESSO-EYSAC snapshot analysis.

Introduction: Malnutrition is common in patients suffering from malignant diseases and has a major impact on patient outcomes. Prevention and early detection are crucial for effective treatment. This study aimed to investigate current international practice in the assessment and management of malnutrition in surgical oncology departments.

Drug transport modeling in solid tumors: A computational exploration of spatial heterogeneity of biophysical properties.

Inadequate uptake of therapeutic agents by tumor cells is still a major barrier in clinical cancer therapy. Mathematical modeling is a powerful tool to describe and investigate the transport phenomena involved. However, current models for interstitial flow and drug delivery in solid tumors have not yet embedded the existing heterogeneity of tumor biomechanical properties.