Clinical associations of complement-activating collectins, collectin-10, collectin-11 and mannose-binding lectin in preterm neonates.

Introduction: Premature and low-birthweight infants are at especially high risk of perinatal complications, including impaired thermoregulation, infections and respiratory distress. Such adverse effects and the need for invasive procedures are associated with high mortality among preterms. This study focused on the influence of the innate immune system and tested the levels of collectins, collectin-10 (CL-10), collectin-11 (CL-11) and mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in preterm neonates.

Collectins and ficolins in neonatal health and disease.

The immune system starts to develop early in embryogenesis. However, at birth it is still immature and associated with high susceptibility to infection. Adaptation to extrauterine conditions requires a balance between colonization with normal flora and protection from pathogens.

Toll-like receptor (TLR2, TLR4) polymorphisms and their influence on the incidence of urinary tract infections in children with and without urinary tract malformation.

Introduction: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) contribute to the innate immune system. They are an element of non-specific immunity, which enables organisms to react quickly to foreign antigens, without being previously exposed to them. TLRs are pattern recognition receptors.

Association of low ficolin-2 concentration in cord serum with respiratory distress syndrome in preterm newborns.

Introduction: Ficolin-2 is a serum pattern recognition molecule, involved in complement activation the lectin pathway. This study aimed to investigate the association of ficolin-2 concentration in cord blood serum with complications related to premature birth.

Methods: 546 premature neonates were included.

Association of the Gene Promoter Region Polymorphisms with Very Low Birthweight in Preterm Neonates.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) localised to the promoter region of the FCN2 gene are known to influence the concentration of ficolin-2 in human serum and therefore potentially have clinical associations. We investigated the relationships between SNPs at positions −986 (A > G), −602 (G > A), −64 (A > C) and −4 (A > G) and clinical complications in 501 preterms. Major alleles at positions −986 and −64 and A/A homozygosity for both polymorphisms were less frequent among babies with very low birthweight (VLBW, ≤1500 g) compared with the reference group (OR = 0.

Antibodies Recognizing Lipopolysaccharides of Various Chemotypes in Synovial Fluids From Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.

O:3 (YeO3) is considered to be associated with reactive arthritis (ReA), and its lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been detected in synovial fluids from patients. Interestingly, YeO3 wild-type LPS was processed by host cells, resulting in truncated LPS molecules presenting the core region. Previously, we reported the immunogenicity but not adjuvanticity of YeO3 LPSs of wild (S) type, Ra, Rd, or Re chemotypes in mice.

Components of the Lectin Pathway of Complement in Solid Tumour Cancers.

The complement system is an important branch of the humoral innate immune response that can be activated via three distinct pathways (classical, alternative, lectin), contributing to keeping/restoring homeostasis. It can also interact with cellular innate immunity and with components of acquired immunity. Cross-talk between the complement system and other enzyme-dependent cascades makes it a more influential defence system, but on the other hand, over- or chronic activation can be harmful.

Polymorphisms of the Gene 3'UTR Region and Their Clinical Associations in Preterm Newborns.

Ficolin-2 is regarded as an important innate immunity factor endowed with both lectin (carbohydrate recognition) qualities and ability to induce complement activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR) polymorphisms with ficolin-2 expression and perinatal complications in preterm neonates. The sequencing analysis allowed us to identify six 3'UTR polymorphisms with minor allele frequency (MAF) >1%: rs4521835, rs73664188, rs11103564, rs11103565, rs6537958 and rs6537959.

The Role of O:3 Lipopolysaccharide in Collagen-Induced Arthritis.

O:3 is mentioned among the most common arthritogenic pathogens. Bacterial components (including lipopolysaccharide (LPS)) may persist in the joint after eradication of infection. Having an adjuvant activity, LPS may enhance production of anticollagen antibodies, involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.

The Influence of the Lectin Pathway of Complement Activation on Infections of the Respiratory System.

Lung diseases are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. Complement activation may prevent a variety of respiratory infections, but on the other hand, could exacerbate tissue damage or contribute to adverse side effects. In this review, the associations of factors specific for complement activation the lectin pathway (LP) with infections of the respiratory system, from birth to adulthood, are discussed.

Insight into the expression of RIG-I-like receptors in human third trimester placentas following ex vivo cytomegalovirus or vesicular stomatitis virus infection.

A viral infection is detected through germline-encoded pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) leading to the production of interferons (IFNs) and proinflammatory cytokines. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) in response to viral infection and the selected cytokine responses in the human term placenta. Placental villi and decidual explants were infected with human cytomegalovirus (CMV) or vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) and cultured ex vivo to study viral infection.

Association of Polymorphisms of , , and Genes with 3MC Syndrome.

The Malpuech, Michels, Mingarelli, Carnevale (3MC) syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive genetic- disorder associated with mutations in the , or genes. The number of 3MC patients with known mutations in these three genes reported so far remains very small. To date, 16 mutations in , 12 mutations in and three in associated with 3MC syndrome have been identified.

Components of the Lectin Pathway of Complement in Haematologic Malignancies.

The complement system is activated cascadically via three distinct major routes: classical pathway (CP), alternative pathway (AP) or lectin pathway (LP). The unique factors associated with the latter are collectins (mannose-binding lectin, collectin-10, collectin-11), ficolins (ficolin-1, ficolin-2, ficolin-3) and proteins of the mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease (MASP) family (MASP-1, MASP-2, MASP-3, MAp19, MAp44). Collectins and ficolins are both pattern-recognising molecules (PRM), reactive against pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) or danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMP).

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to disorders associated with progressive inflammatory processes in the gastrointestinal system. IBD consists of two major forms, Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC). IBD became a global disease in the 21 century.

Interactions of ficolin-3 with ovarian cancer cells.

Background: Ficolin-3 is a pattern-recognition molecule with the ability to activate the lectin pathway of complement. It is found in lung, liver and blood, but its physiological role is unclear. We have investigated interaction of recombinant ficolin-3 with malignant cells and tissues.

Interaction of Mannose-Binding Lectin With Lipopolysaccharide Outer Core Region and Its Biological Consequences.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS, endotoxin), the main surface antigen and virulence factor of Gram-negative bacteria, is composed of lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and O-specific polysaccharide (O-PS) regions. Each LPS region is capable of complement activation. We have demonstrated that LPS of , an opportunistic human pathogen, reacts strongly with human and murine mannose-binding lectins (MBLs).

Deposition of mannose-binding lectin and ficolins and activation of the lectin pathway of complement on the surface of polyurethane tubing used for cardiopulmonary bypass.

The artificial surface used for cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a crucial factor activating the complement system and thus contributing to the generation of a systemic inflammatory response. The activation of classical and alternative pathways on this artificial surface is well known. In contrast, lectin pathway (LP) activation has not been fully investigated, although noted during CPB in several studies.

Lectin pathway factors in patients suffering from juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Both complement activation and certain infections (including those with Yersinia sp.) may contribute to the pathogenesis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). We investigated factors specific for the lectin pathway of complement: mannose-binding lectin (MBL), ficolins and MBL-associated serine protease-2 (MASP-2), in 144 patients and 98 controls.