Ultrasound mechanisms and their effect on solid synthesis and processing: a review.

Ultrasound proves to be an effective technique for intensifying a wide range of processes involving solids and, as such, is often used to improve control over both solids formation and post-treatment stages. The intensifying capabilities of ultrasonic processing are best interpreted in the context of the chemical, transport, and mechanical effects that occur during sonication. This review presents an overview of how ultrasound influences the processing and synthesis of solids across various material classes, contextualized within an ultrasound effect framework.

The interplay between nucleation and patterning during shear-induced crystallization from solution in a parallel plate geometry.

Cooling crystallization of small organic molecules from solution is an important operation for the separation and purification of drug products. In this research, shear-induced nucleation from a supersaturated solution is studied in a parallel plate geometry. Under conditions of shear and small gap sizes, narrow mesoscale circular bands of small crystals appeared spontaneously and reproducibly on the plate's surface.