NSF after Gadovist exposure: a case report and hypothesis of NSF development.

So far no cases of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) have been published on macrocyclical gadolinium-based contrast media (Gd-CM), assumed as low NSF risk CM due to their complex stability. In our haemodialysis-dependent patient, the first symptoms indicating NSF appeared about 16 months after the exposure to Gadovist, a macrocyclical Gd-CM, and 1 month after x-ray angiography with iodinated CM (Ultravist). This indicates that in addition to excretory renal failure and Gd-CM exposure, the loss of biosynthetic renal function could be essential for NSF development.

Expression of metalloprotease insulin-degrading enzyme insulysin in normal and malignant human tissues.

Insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE, insulysin, insulinase; EC 3.4.22.

Immunohistochemical evidence of ubiquitous distribution of the metalloendoprotease insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE; insulysin) in human non-malignant tissues and tumor cell lines.

Immunohistochemical evidence of ubiquitous distribution of the metalloprotease insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE; insulysin) in human non-malignant tissues and tumor cells is presented. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on a multi-organ tissue microarray (pancreas, lung, kidney, central/peripheral nervous system, liver, breast, placenta, myocardium, striated muscle, bone marrow, thymus, and spleen) and on a cell microarray of 31 tumor cell lines of different origin, as well as trophoblast cells and normal blood lymphocytes and granulocytes. IDE protein was expressed in all the tissues assessed and all the tumor cell lines except for Raji and HL-60.

Immunohistochemical demonstration of the zinc metalloprotease insulin-degrading enzyme in normal and malignant human breast: correlation with tissue insulin levels.

Insulin is a hormone crucial to metabolism and an essential growth factor for normal and neoplastic tissues. We have now determined insulin in extracts of 23 primary breast cancer specimens and of non-neoplastic breast tissues by a chemiluminescent immunoassay. Remarkably, insulin was measured only in grade 3 tumors, whereas grade 2 carcinomas and the normal mammary gland were each insulin-negative.