Subcortical plaques and inflammation reflect cortical and meningeal pathologies in progressive multiple sclerosis.

It remains elusive whether lesions and inflammation in the sub/juxtacortical white matter reflect cortical and/or meningeal pathologies. Elucidating this could have implications for MRI monitoring as sub/juxtacortical lesions are detectable by routine MRI, while cortical lesions and meningeal inflammation are not. By large-area microscopy, we quantified total and mixed active plaque loads along with densities and sizes of perivascular mononuclear infiltrates (infiltrates) in the sub/juxtacortical white matter ≤2 mm from the cortex, intra-cortically and in the meninges.

Antibodies to expanded virus antigen panels show elevated diagnostic sensitivities in multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis.

An antigen panel consisting of Epstein-Barr, measles, mumps, varicella zoster and rubella viruses (EMMRZ) was recently presented, which may aid in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of this study was to validate and extend the EMMRZ panel. Various candidates, such as Cytomegalovirus and John Cunningham virus were analysed in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and optic neuritis (ON) samples by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Epitope Mapping of Monoclonal Antibodies to Calreticulin Reveals That Charged Amino Acids Are Essential for Antibody Binding.

Calreticulin is a chaperone protein, which is associated with myeloproliferative diseases. In this study, we used resin-bound peptides to characterize two monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed to calreticulin, mAb FMC 75 and mAb 16, which both have significantly contributed to understanding the biological function of calreticulin. The antigenicity of the resin-bound peptides was determined by modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.