Environmental, economic, and social impacts of sugar cane bagasse and eggshell wastes for soil stabilization.

Sustainability is a core topic for all sectors including geotechnical engineering (e.g., design of foundations, earthworks structures, and pavements for major infrastructure and building projects).

Effect of reflux and esophagitis on esophageal volume and acid clearance in piglets.

Background/aims: The study investigates esophageal motor function and esophageal clearance immediately after surgical induction of reflux in piglets and 8 weeks later after peptic esophagitis has developed.

Methods: Twenty-four sedated, nonintubated piglets were divided into three groups: sham (laparotomy only), reflux (distal esophageal myotomy), and reflux + esophagitis (8 weeks after myotomy). All animals underwent stationary manometry of the esophagus with a four-lumen perfused assembly after injection of 1-, 2-, and 3-mL boluses of saline and acid into the proximal esophagus.

Esophageal Acid clearance: more volume-dependent than motility-dependent in healthy piglets.

Background/aims: The present study investigates manometrically in healthy piglets whether esophageal clearance after distension with different volumes of acid is volume-dependent.

Methods: Sedated, non-intubated piglets (n = 22) underwent stationary manometry of the esophagus with a 4-probe perfused assembly after successive injection of 1, 2, and 3 mL of saline and acid. Simultaneous pH metering allowed assessment of acid clearance.