Enhancing physicochemical properties of hydrochlorothiazide with zwitterionic L-proline and 5-fluorocytosine cocrystals through mechanochemical synthesis.

Hydrochlorothiazide (HTZ) is a thiazide-type diuretic drug approved by the FDA in 1959 for treatment of hypertension and peripheral edema and has been used since. HTZ exhibits low solubility and low permeability, leading to variable oral bioavailability and limited intestinal drug permeability. For this reason, several attempts to improve HTZ physicochemical properties have been made during the past decades.

Unveiling novel insights: geraniol's enhanced anti-candida efficacy and mechanistic innovations against multidrug-resistant candida strains.

Objectives: This study addressed the need for new treatments for severe Candida infections, especially resistant strains. It evaluated the antifungal potential of geraniol alone and with fluconazole against various Candida spp., including resistant strains, and investigated geraniol's mechanism of action using flow cytometry.

Evaluation of amlodipine against strains of spp. in planktonic cells, developing biofilms and mature biofilms.

To evaluate the antifungal activity of amlodipine against strains of spp. and to its possible mechanism of action. Broth microdilution tests were used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration, while the synergistic activity was evaluated by calculating the fractional inhibitory concentration index.

Analysis of the anti-Candida activity of tricyclic antidepressants in association with amphotericin B and their antifungal mechanisms.

Candida species are among the priority pathogens in the area of research and development. Due to the problems associated with resistance to antifungals, new therapeutic alternatives are necessary. In this regard, drug repositioning has gained prominence.

Antifungal activity of tannic acid against Candida spp. and its mechanism of action.

The increase in fungal resistance is a major public health concern. In this context, Candida spp. is an important genus related to invasive diseases, especially in immunosuppressed patients.

Anticandidal activity of Kunth essential oil is enhanced by N-acetylcysteine and itraconazole.

Evaluate the anticandidal effect of Kunth essential oil and its interaction with azoles and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) against planktonic cells and biofilms. Broth microdilution and checkerboard methods were used to evaluate the individual and combined activity with fluconazole and itraconazole (ITRA). The antibiofilm effect of the oil was assessed in 96-well plates alone and combined with ITRA and NAC, and cytotoxicity determined by MTT.

Mangiferin potentiates the activity of antifungal agents against fluconazole-resistant spp.

To evaluate the antifungal activity of mangiferin against spp. resistant to fluconazole. The antifungal activity of mangiferin was assessed using broth microdilution and its interaction with azoles and amphotericin B was evaluated by checkerboard.

Antifungal activity of propafenone on spp. strains: interaction with antifungals and possible mechanism of action.

The development of new antifungal drugs has become a global priority, given the increasing cases of fungal diseases together with the rising resistance to available antifungal drugs. In this scenario, drug repositioning has emerged as an alternative for such development, with advantages such as reduced research time and costs. Propafenone is an antiarrhythmic drug whose antifungal activity is poorly described, being a good candidate for further study.

Antibiofilm activity of promethazine against ESBL-producing strains of Escherichia coli in urinary catheters.

The bacterium Escherichia coli is one of the main causes of urinary tract infections. The formation of bacterial biofilms, especially associated with the use of urinary catheters, contributes to the establishment of recurrent infections and the development of resistance to treatment. Strains of E.

Biosurfactant complexed with arginine has antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant .

The present study investigated the antimicrobial effectiveness of a rhamnolipid complexed with arginine (RLMIX_Arg) against planktonic cells and biofilms of methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Susceptibility testing was performed using the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute protocol: M07-A10, checkerboard test, biofilm in plates and catheters and flow cytometry were used. RLMIX_Arg has bactericidal and synergistic activity with oxacillin.

Hydrogels based on galactomannan and κ-carrageenan containing immobilized biomolecules for in vivo thermal-burn wound treatment.

Hydrogels based on natural polysaccharides have demonstrated efficacy in epithelial recovery from cutaneous burn wounds. Here, we prepared a double-network hydrogel consisting of galactomannan (from Cassia grandis seeds) and κ-carrageenan (commercially sourced), cross-linked with CaCl, as a matrix for immobilizing lactoferrin and/or Cramoll, aiming at its applicability as dressings for second-degree burn wounds. The formulations obtained [H - hydrogel, HL - hydrogel + lactoferrin, HC - hydrogel + Cramoll and HLC - hydrogel + lactoferrin + Cramoll] were analyzed rheologically as well as in terms of their stability (pH, color, microbial contamination) for 90 days.

Recurrence, Microevolution, and Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Legionella pneumophila Sequence Type 1905, Portugal, 2014-2022.

We investigated molecular evolution and spatiotemporal dynamics of atypical Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 sequence type 1905 and determined its long-term persistence and linkage to human disease in dispersed locations, far beyond the large 2014 outbreak epicenter in Portugal. Our finding highlights the need for public health interventions to prevent further disease spread.

Maternal malnutrition associated with postnatal sugar consumption increases inflammatory response and prostate disorders in rat offspring.

Maternal malnutrition can alter developmental biology, programming health and disease in offspring. The increase in sugar consumption during the peripubertal period, a worldwide concern, also affects health through adulthood. Studies have shown that maternal exposure to a low protein diet (LPD) is associated with an increase in prostate disease with aging.

Identifying the best cutoff value of the fecal occult blood immunochemical test in the detection of advanced and neoplastic colorectal lesions.

Objective: Screening is an effective tool for detecting colorectal lesions in asymptomatic subjects. There is a positive correlation between fecal immunochemical test (FIT) values and the size of tumors. Despite the efficacy of screening, the detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains low.

Antimicrobial potential of a biosurfactant gel for the prevention of mixed biofilms formed by fluconazole-resistant and methicillin-resistant in catheters.

Dual-species biofilms formed by and have high virulence and drug resistance. In this context, biosurfactants produced by have been widely studied, of which a new derivative (RLmix_Arg) stands out for possible application in formulations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of RLmix_Arg, both alone and incorporated in a gel prepared with Pluronic F-127, against dual-species biofilms of fluconazole-resistant (FRCA) and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) in impregnated catheters.

Promising activity of etomidate against mixed biofilms of fluconazole-resistant and methicillin-resistant .

and are recognized for their development of resistance and biofilm formation. New therapeutic alternatives are necessary in this context. Etomidate shows potential application in catheters against mixed biofilms of fluconazole-resistant and methicillin-resistant (MRSA).

Antimicrobial activity of hydralazine against methicillin-resistant and methicillin-susceptible .

is a human pathogen responsible for high mortality rates. The development of new antimicrobials is urgent. The authors evaluated the activity of hydralazine along with its synergism with other drugs and action on biofilms.

Biochemical Clusters as Substitutes of Bone Biopsies in Kidney Transplant Patients.

Bone and mineral metabolism abnormalities are frequent in kidney transplant recipients and have been associated with cardiovascular morbidity. The primary aim of this study was to analyse the association between routine clinically available biochemical evaluation, non-routine histomorphometric bone evaluation, and vascular disease in kidney transplanted patients. A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 69 patients, 1-year after kidney transplantation.

Prevalence of early neonatal sepsis and positive maternal culture for group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of early neonatal sepsis in pregnant women with a positive culture for group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus in a middle-income city in Southeastern Brazil.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, involving singleton low- and high-risk pregnancies in whom group B beta-hemolytic Streptococcus cultures were evaluated between 35 and 37 weeks of gestation using vaginal and anal swabs. A specific medium (Todd-Hewitt) was used for culturing.

Analysis of possible pathways on the mechanism of action of minocycline and doxycycline against strains of spp. resistant to fluconazole.

Species of the genus characterized as commensals of the human microbiota, are opportunistic pathogens capable of generating various types of infections with high associated costs. Considering the limited pharmacological arsenal and the emergence of antifungal-resistant strains, the repositioning of drugs is a strategy used to search for new therapeutic alternatives, in which minocycline and doxycycline have been evaluated as potential candidates. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the antifungal activity of two tetracyclines, minocycline and doxycycline, and their possible mechanism of action against fluconazole-resistant strains of spp.

Antibacterial activity of menadione alone and in combination with oxacillin against methicillin-resistant and its impact on biofilms.

Antibiotic resistance is a major threat to public health, particularly with methicillin-resistant (MRSA) being a leading cause of antimicrobial resistance. To combat this problem, drug repurposing offers a promising solution for the discovery of new antibacterial agents. Menadione exhibits antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains, both alone and in combination with oxacillin.

Antifungal activity of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors against Cryptococcus spp. and their possible mechanism of action.

Fungal infections caused by Cryptococcus spp. pose a threat to health, especially in immunocompromised individuals. The available arsenal of drugs against cryptococcosis is limited, due to their toxicity and/or lack of accessibility in low-income countries, requiring more therapeutic alternatives.

Synergistic effect of hydralazine associated with triazoles on spp. in planktonic cells.

To evaluate the antifungal activity of hydralazine hydrochloride alone and in synergy with azoles against spp. and the action mechanism. We used broth microdilution assays to determine the MIC, checkerboard assays to investigate synergism, and flow cytometry and molecular docking tests to ascertain action mechanism.

Sertraline has fungicidal activity against spp. and acts by inhibiting membrane and cell wall biosynthesis.

Our study evaluated the activity of sertraline (SER) alone and associated with antifungal drugs in planktonic spp. strains, and investigated its mechanism of action. Broth microdilution method and minimum fungicidal concentration/MIC ratio were used to assess SER anticandidal activity, and the interaction with antifungals was determined by fractional inhibitory concentration index.