Corrigendum: HSA-nanobinders crafted from bioresponsive prodrugs for combined cancer chemoimmunotherapy-an exploration.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.

HSA-nanobinders crafted from bioresponsive prodrugs for combined cancer chemoimmunotherapy-an exploration.

Introduction: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer still lacking effective treatment options. Chemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy can restrict tumor progression and repolarize the tumor microenvironment towards an anti-tumor milieu, improving clinical outcome in TNBC patients. The chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel has been shown to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), whereas inhibitors of the indoleamine 2,3- dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) enzyme, whose expression is shared in immune regulatory and tumor cells, have been revealed to enhance the anti-tumor immune response.

A systematic literature review of randomised controlled trials evaluating colchicine for cardiovascular prevention: There is an elephant in the room.

Objectives: To review randomised controlled trials (RCT) investigating colchicine (COL) for cardiovascular (CV) prevention in patients at high to very high CV risk aiming to extract data that could be useful in rheumatology practice.

Methods: A systematic search of multiple databases according to the PICO framework was performed from inception to April 3, 2023. Three researchers independently screened abstracts/titles and reviewed full texts reviewed.

In Vitro Evaluation of Smear Layer and Debris Removal and Antimicrobial Activity of Different Irrigating Solutions.

Objective: The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the smear layer and debris removal and antimicrobial activity of two dual-action irrigating solutions for continuous chelation (Triton; Brasseler, Savannah, USA and Dual Rinse HEDP; Medcem GmbH, Weinfelden, Switzerland) with a dual step irrigation protocol with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) followed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).

Methods: Thirty single-rooted single-canal teeth were divided into three groups (n=10) and irrigated with Triton, Dual Rinse HEDP mixed with 6% NaOCl and 6% NaOCl/17% EDTA. The teeth were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to assess the canal wall cleanliness.

Microbial signature of plaque and gut in acute coronary syndrome.

Gut microbiota is an emerging editable cardiovascular risk factor. We aim to investigate gut and coronary plaque microbiota, using fecal samples and angioplasty balloons from patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) and control subjects. We examined bacterial communities in gut and coronary plaques by 16S rRNA sequencing and we performed droplet digital PCR analysis to investigate the gut relative abundance of the bacterial genes CutC/CntA involved in trimethylamine N-oxide synthesis.

The Interplay between Cardiovascular Risk, Cardiovascular Events, and Disease Activity in Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: Is Uric Acid the Missing Link?

(1) Background: Uric acid is a well-known cardiovascular (CV) risk factor in the general population but its role in the setting of rheumatic diseases other than gout is unclear. (2) Methods: This is a retrospective study investigating a cohort of 105 pSS patients recording clinical, serological, and CV-related variables including adherence to the Mediterranean diet. (3) Results: We observed a strong relationship between disease activity, interstitial lung disease (ILD), and CV events.

Antimicrobial peptides for tackling cystic fibrosis related bacterial infections: A review.

Antibiotic resistance is a serious health and social problem that will have a substantial impact in the coming years on the world health and economy. Thus, the increasing demand for innovative antibiotics, has prompted many researchers in the medical, microbiological, and biochemical fields to exploit the properties of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). When properly used, designed, and conveyed, AMPs can really represent a valid alternative to conventional drugs especially in situations that are particularly difficult to treat such as chronic infections found in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients.

HSA-Binding Prodrugs-Based Nanoparticles Endowed with Chemo and Photo-Toxicity against Breast Cancer.

Exploiting the tumor environment features (EPR effect, elevated glutathione, reactive oxygen species levels) might allow attaining a selective and responsive carrier capable of improving the therapeutic outcome. To this purpose, the in situ covalent binding of drugs and nanoparticles to circulating human serum albumin (HSA) might represent a pioneering approach to achieve an effective strategy. This study describes the synthesis, in vitro and in vivo evaluation of bioresponsive HSA-binding nanoparticles (-PTXS@Pba), co-delivering two different paclitaxel (PTX) prodrugs and the photosensitizer pheophorbide a (Pba), for the combined photo- and chemo-treatment of breast cancer.

Inactivation of the Response Regulator AgrA Has a Pleiotropic Effect on Biofilm Formation, Pathogenesis and Stress Response in Staphylococcus lugdunensis.

Staphylococcus lugdunensis is a coagulase-negative Staphylococcus that emerges as an important opportunistic pathogen. However, little is known about the regulation underlying the transition from commensal to virulent state. Based on knowledge of S.

Nitric Oxide Photo-Donor Hybrids of Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin: A Shift in Activity from Antimicrobial to Anticancer Agents.

The potential anticancer effect of fluoroquinolone antibiotics has been recently unveiled and related to their ability to interfere with DNA topoisomerase II. We herein envisioned the design and synthesis of novel Ciprofloxacin and Norfloxacin nitric oxide (NO) photo-donor hybrids to explore the potential synergistic antitumor effect exerted by the fluoroquinolone scaffold and NO eventually produced upon light irradiation. Anticancer activity, evaluated on a panel of tumor cell lines, showed encouraging results with IC values in the low micromolar range.

Is aromatherapy effective in obstetrics? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

The aim of this systematic review is to collect clinical trials conducted using essential oils (EOs) in obstetric symptoms by evaluating if and in which context the aromatherapy practice is effective in obstetrics. The research was conducted by using the databases of EMBASE, Medline, Biosis and Toxcenter, PubMed, and Google Scholar search engine, selecting articles from January 2004 to July 2020. This study was performed according to the MOOSE and PRISMA guidelines.

Cardiospermum halicacabum in atopic dermatitis: Clinical evidence based on phytotherapic approach.

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that mainly affects children, causing a strong impact on the quality of life. The most affected subjects live in urban areas or in developed countries, with prevalence increased up to 15%-20% in children and from 1% to 3% in adults during the past 30 years. Most adults had the first signs of illness before the age of 5, many of them before the age of 1.

Essential Oil vs. a Commercial Mixture of Essential Oils: In Vitro Effectiveness on spp. from Poultry and Swine Intensive Livestock.

spp. represent a public health concern for humans and animals due to the increase of antibiotic resistances. In this scenario, the use of essential oils (EOs) could be a valid tool against contamination of meat.

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties of Graphene Oxide on .

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial properties of graphene oxide (GO) against in vitro conditions and when used to coat dentin surface to prevent adhesion. The ATCC strain of 29212 has been used to perform a viability test. The pellet was suspended in ultrapure water, NaCl, PBS buffer, CaCl and MgCl, Luria-Bertani broth solutions.

Prevalence and Clonal Distribution of Azole-Resistant Isolates Causing Bloodstream Infections in a Large Italian Hospital.

The most prevalent cause of nosocomial bloodstream infection (BSI) among non- species, , may not only be resistant to azole antifungal agents but also disseminate to vulnerable patients. In this survey of BSIs occurring at a large Italian hospital between May 2014 and May 2019, accounted for 28.5% (241/844) of all isolates causing BSI episodes.

In vitro characterization, ADME analysis, and histological and toxicological evaluation of BM1, a macrocyclic amidinourea active against azole-resistant Candida strains.

Background: Candida species are one of the most common causes of nosocomial bloodstream infections among the opportunistic fungi. Extensive use of antifungal agents, most of which were launched on the market more than 20 years ago, led to the selection of drug-resistant or even multidrug-resistant fungi. We recently described a novel class of antifungal macrocyclic compounds with an amidinourea moiety that is highly active against azole-resistant Candida strains.

Light-Induced Therapies for Prostate Cancer Treatment.

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most widespread tumors affecting the urinary system and the fifth-leading cause from cancer death in men worldwide. Despite PC mortality rates have been decreasing during the last years, most likely due to an intensification of early diagnosis, still more than 300,000 men die each year because of this disease. In this view, researchers in all countries are engaged in finding new ways to tackle PC, including the design and synthesis of novel molecular and macromolecular entities able to challenge different PC biological targets, while limiting the extent of unwanted side effects that significantly limit men's life quality.

Graphene Oxide Coatings as Tools to Prevent Microbial Biofilm Formation on Medical Device.

The clinical challenge on surface engineering of medical devices to prevent microorganisms adhesion and biofilm formation, has become an essential aspect for medical implants. Antibacterial properties of Graphene Oxide (GO) have been demonstrated across a broad spectrum of bacteria, and the different mechanisms of action with which this nanomaterial interacts with the microbial surface have been elucidated in detail. Innovative protective coatings based on graphene film and hydrogel could represent an innovative solution for the prevention of nosocomial pathogens colonization on implantable device.

Antibiofilm Activity of Three Different Irrigation Techniques: An in Vitro Study.

The microbial infection of the endodontic space occurs in a necrotic tooth as a result of dental caries, trauma, periodontal disease, or previous root canal therapy. The disruption of the biofilms and the reduction of the bacterial load inside root canals are crucial for the success of root canal therapy. The aim of this study was to compare, in vitro, the antibiofilm efficacy of a novel passive sonic irrigation (PSI) device with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and conventional needle irrigation (CNI).

2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-enhanced pharmacokinetics of cabotegravir from a nanofluidic implant for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with antiretrovirals (ARV) can prevent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, but its efficacy is highly dependent on strict patient adherence to daily dosing regimen. Long-acting (LA) ARV formulations or delivery systems that reduce dosing frequency may increase adherence and thus PrEP efficacy. While cabotegravir (CAB) long-acting injectable (CAB LA), an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI), reduces dosing frequency to bimonthly injections, variable pharmacokinetics (PK) between patients and various adverse reactions necessitate improvement in delivery methods.

A protein chimera self-assembling unit for drug delivery.

In the modern view of selective drug delivery of bioactive molecules, the attention is moving onto the setup of the perfect carrier more than in the optimization of the active compound. In this respect, virus-like particles constitute bioinspired nanodevices with the intrinsic ability to transport a large class of molecules, ranging from smart drugs to small interfering RNAs. In this work, we demonstrate the efficacy of a novel construct obtained by fusing a self-assembling protein from the human Rotavirus A, VP6, with the Small Ubiquitin Modifier domain, which maintains the ability to form nanoparticles and nanotubes and is able to be used as a drug carrier, even without specific targeting epitopes.

Liver Injury, Endotoxemia, and Their Relationship to Intestinal Microbiota Composition in Alcohol-Preferring Rats.

Background: There is strong evidence that alcoholism leads to dysbiosis in both humans and animals. However, it is unclear how changes in the intestinal microbiota (IM) relate to ethanol (EtOH)-induced disruption of gut-liver homeostasis. We investigated this issue using selectively bred Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats, a validated animal model of excessive EtOH consumption.

Expression profiling in a mammalian host reveals the strong induction of genes encoding LysM domain-containing proteins in Enterococcus faecium.

Enterococcus faecium is an important health care-associated pathogen that is difficult to treat due to the high level of antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates. The identification of new potential therapeutic targets or vaccination strategies is therefore urgently needed. In this regard, we carried out a transcriptomic analysis of the E.

Different effects of matrix degrading enzymes towards biofilms formed by E. faecalis and E. faecium clinical isolates.

E. faecalis and E. faecium cause urinary tract infections highly resistant to therapies due to a protective extracellular matrix.