Clinical and mycological outcomes of candidaemia and/or invasive candidiasis by Candida spp. and antifungal susceptibility: pooled analyses of two randomized trials of rezafungin versus caspofungin.

Objectives: A post hoc analysis used pooled STRIVE/ReSTORE trial data to determine outcomes with rezafungin versus caspofungin by Candida species and antifungal susceptibility.

Methods: The efficacy and safety of once weekly rezafungin 400/200 mg versus once daily caspofungin 70/50 mg was demonstrated in the randomized, double-blind phase 2 STRIVE (NCT02734862) and phase 3 ReSTORE (NCT03667690) trials involving adults with candidaemia and/or invasive candidiasis. In this analysis, data were pooled for patients with a documented Candida infection within 96 hours of randomization who also received ≥1 dose of study drug.

β-lactam resistant phenotypes reported by VITEK®2 advanced expert system (AES) compared to whole genome sequencing in Enterobacterales from North and Latin America.

The VITEK®2 AES β-lactam phenotypes of 488 Enterobacterales from North and Latin America generated by the VITEK®2 were compared to the resistance genotypes provided by whole genome sequencing (WGS). The AES provided phenotypic reports for 447 (91.6 %) isolates, including isolates harbouring carbapenemases (195; 43.

Activity of aztreonam-avibactam against Enterobacterales resistant to recently approved beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations collected in Europe, Latin America, and the Asia-Pacific Region (2020-2022).

Background: Aztreonam-avibactam is under clinical development for treatment of infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE), especially those resistant to recently approved β-lactamase inhibitor combinations (BLICs).

Objectives: To evaluate a large collection of CRE isolates, including those non-susceptible to ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, and/or imipenem-relebactam.

Methods: Overall, 24 580 Enterobacterales isolates were consecutively collected (1/patient) in 2020-2022 from 64 medical centres located in Western Europe (W-EU), Eastern Europe (E-EU), Latin America (LATAM), and the Asia-Pacific region (APAC).

activity of manogepix and comparators against infrequently encountered yeast and mold isolates from the SENTRY Surveillance Program (2017-2022).

Manogepix is a potent new antifungal agent targeting the fungal Gwt1 enzyme. Manogepix has previously demonstrated potent activity against clinical isolates of both (except ) and species. This study determined the activity of manogepix and comparators against a large collection of infrequently encountered yeast and molds.

Use of isavuconazole antifungal medicine to treat mold infections in Asia and the Western Pacific region: a plain language summary.

What Is This Summary About?: Molds are types of fungus that can invade humans. It can cause a disease called invasive mold infection (IMI) and make people sick or cause death. This is a summary of a study that looked at mold samples collected from people in Asia and the Western Pacific region to check if an antifungal medicine called isavuconazole (ISC) can stop the growth of or kill these molds.

Trends in the susceptibility of U.S. species complex and isolates to minocycline, 2014-2021.

species complex and are opportunistic, non-fermentative Gram-negative organisms that can cause serious hospital-acquired infections in immunocompromised patients. These pathogens are inherently resistant to several common drug classes and often acquire other resistance mechanisms, making them difficult to treat. In this study, we analyzed the trends of susceptibility of over 2,500 U.

Plain language summary: Did the COVID-19 pandemic change the resistance to current antifungal medicines?

What Is This Summary About?: Previous research shows that patients with COVID-19 have a high chance of getting fungal infections. Medicines called antifungals are used to treat fungal infections. However, some fungi are resistant, which means the fungi are not killed by the antifungals and they keep growing, which can make the patients sicker and even die.

Susceptibility patterns of amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole and caspofungin for isolates causing invasive mould infections from the SENTRY Antifungal Surveillance Program (2018-2021) and application of single-site epidemiological cutoff values to evaluate amphotericin B activity.

We evaluated the activity of amphotericin B, itraconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole and caspofungin against 1468 invasive moulds collected worldwide from 2018 to 2021. Most (>92%) of the Aspergillus spp. isolates were wildtype (WT) to amphotericin B, caspofungin and the azoles.

In Vitro Activity of Isavuconazole and Other Mould-Active Azoles against with and without CYP51 Alterations.

Azole resistance in (AFM) is mainly associated with mutations in CYP51A and its promoter region or its homologue CYP51B. We evaluated the in vitro activity of isavuconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole, and voriconazole against 660 AFM collected during 2017-2020. Isolates were tested via CLSI broth microdilution.

Evaluation of XGEN Multi Sepsis Flow Chip Molecular Assay for Early Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infection.

Among healthcare-associated infections that can affect a critically ill patient, bloodstream infections are one of the most frequent causes of mortality, especially in hospitalized patients. The objective of this work is to evaluate the performance of the XGEN Multi Sepsis Flow Chip for the rapid diagnosis of bloodstream infections compared with conventional tests. In total, 101 positive blood culture samples were included, and the results obtained by the phenotypic conventional method (culture with susceptibility profile) were compared with results obtained by the XGEN Multi Sepsis Flow Chip.

Recent increase in fluconazole-nonsusceptible Candida parapsilosis in a global surveillance with the expansion of the Erg11 Y132F genotype and a rapid detection method for this alteration.

We evaluated the rates of fluconazole nonsusceptibility among 1103 Candida parapsilosis isolates collected globally from 2018 to 2021. These rates were <10.3% until 2020 but increased to 15.

Ceftazidime-avibactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, and imipenem-relebactam activities against multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales from United States Medical Centers (2018-2022).

A total of 35,360 Enterobacterales isolates were consecutively collected from 75 US medical centers in 2018-2022. Among these isolates, 2612 (7.4%) were categorized as multidrug-resistant (MDR).

Changing Epidemiology of Carbapenemases Among Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales From United States Hospitals and the Activity of Aztreonam-Avibactam Against Contemporary Enterobacterales (2019-2021).

Background: As the frequency of metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Enterobacterales is increasing worldwide, effective antimicrobials to treat the infections caused by these organisms are urgently needed.

Methods: The activity of aztreonam-avibactam and comparators were evaluated against 27 834 Enterobacterales isolates collected from 74 US medical centers in 2019-2021. Isolates were susceptibility tested by broth microdilution.

Antifungal Activity of Isavuconazole and Comparator Agents against Contemporaneous Mucorales Isolates from USA, Europe, and Asia-Pacific.

Isavuconazole is the only US FDA-approved antifungal for treating invasive mucormycosis. We evaluated isavuconazole activity against a global collection of Mucorales isolates. Fifty-two isolates were collected during 2017-2020 from hospitals located in the USA, Europe, and the Asia-Pacific.

Antimicrobial activity of ceftibuten-avibactam against a global collection of Enterobacterales from patients with urinary tract infections (2021).

We evaluated the in vitro activity of ceftibuten-avibactam against Enterobacterales causing urinary tract infection (UTI). A total of 3216 isolates (1/patient) were consecutively collected from patients with UTI in 72 hospitals from 25 countries in 2021 then susceptibility tested by CLSI broth microdilution. Ceftibuten-susceptible breakpoints currently published by EUCAST (≤ 1 mg/L) and CLSI (≤ 8 mg/L) were applied to ceftibuten-avibactam for comparison.

Comparative activity of newer β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from US medical centres (2020-2021).

Objectives: To evaluate the in-vitro activity of ceftazidime-avibactam, ceftolozane-tazobactam, meropenem-vaborbactam, imipenem-relebactam and comparator agents against contemporary Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from US hospitals.

Methods: In total, 3184 isolates were collected consecutively from 71 US medical centres in 2020-2021, and susceptibility tested by reference broth microdilution. Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute breakpoints were applied.

Performance of the Vitek 2 Advanced Expert System (AES) as a Rapid Tool for Reporting Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) in from North and Latin America.

This study evaluated the performance of the Vitek 2 Advanced Expert System (AES) confidence level report as a rapid tool for reporting antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) results for a challenging set of isolates from North and Latin America. isolates (=513) were tested by CLSI broth microdilution (BMD) and Vitek 2 (N802 and XN15 AST cards). Wild-type isolates and isolates harboring acquired β-lactamases by whole-genome sequencing were included.

Tedizolid in vitro activity against Gram-positive clinical isolates causing bone and joint infections in hospitals in the USA, Europe, Latin America, and the Asia-Pacific region (2015-2019).

As bone and joint infections (BJIs) frequently require prolonged, systemic antibiotic use, tedizolid is an attractive candidate for BJI therapy in adults and children. Tedizolid activity was evaluated against 1,193 Gram-positive isolates causing BJI in American (USA), European (EUR), Latin American (LATAM), and Asian-Pacific (APAC) medical centers. Isolates consecutively collected from 2015 to 2019 were susceptibility tested by CLSI broth microdilution.

Five-year analysis of the activity of tedizolid against a worldwide collection of indicated species causing clinical infections: results from the Surveillance of Tedizolid Activity and Resistance (STAR) programme.

Objectives: The Surveillance of Tedizolid Activity and Resistance (STAR) programme monitored the tedizolid activity against , , , and group. We evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility of 47 400 unique Gram-positive clinical isolates from the STAR programme collected from USA (21 243), Europe (17 674), Asia-Pacific (4954) and Latin America (3529) medical centres (2015-19).

Methods: All isolates were tested for susceptibility by reference broth microdilution method.

Antimicrobial Activity of Ceftaroline and Comparator Agents Against Ceftriaxone-Nonsusceptible from the United States (2008-2020).

We evaluated the activity of ceftaroline against clinical isolates of ceftriaxone-nonsusceptible from United States medical centers. isolates ( = 21,750) were consecutively collected from 201 medical centers in 2008-2020 and tested for susceptibility by broth microdilution method. Among these isolates, 1,419 (6.

Antimicrobial activity of cefepime/zidebactam (WCK 5222), a β-lactam/β-lactam enhancer combination, against clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria collected worldwide (2018-19).

Background: Zidebactam, a bicyclo-acyl hydrazide β-lactam 'enhancer' antibiotic, in combination with cefepime (WCK 5222) is under clinical development for the treatment of resistant Gram-negative infections.

Objectives: To evaluate the in vitro activity of cefepime/zidebactam and comparators against 24 220 Gram-negative bacteria.

Methods: Organisms were consecutively collected in 2018-19 from 137 medical centres located in the USA (n = 9140), Western Europe (W-EU; n = 5929), Eastern Europe (E-EU; n = 3036), the Asia-Pacific region (APAC; n = 3791) and Latin America (LATAM; n = 2324).

Evaluation of the Post-Antifungal Effect of Rezafungin and Micafungin against Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis and Candida glabrata.

Rezafungin, a new echinocandin with an extended half-life, exhibits potent activity against Candida spp. Aside from the MIC, specific interactions between antifungal and isolate, including the duration of anti-infective activity, may impact dose interval choices and infection outcome. We evaluated rezafungin and micafungin post-antifungal effect (PAFE) against C.