As an adaptation for survival during infection, becomes dormant, reducing its metabolism and growth. Two types of citrate synthases have been identified in , GltA2 and CitA. Previous work shows that overexpression of CitA, the secondary citrate synthase, stimulates the growth of under hypoxic conditions without showing accumulation of triacylglycerols and makes mycobacteria more sensitive to antibiotics, suggesting that CitA may play a role as a metabolic switch during infection and may be an interesting TB drug target.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFESX type VII secretion systems are complex secretion machineries spanning across the mycobacterial membrane and play an important role in pathogenicity, nutrient uptake and conjugation. We previously reported the role of ESX-4 in modulating Mycobacterium abscessus intracellular survival. The loss of EccB4 was associated with limited secretion of two effector proteins belonging to the WXG-100 family, EsxU and EsxT, and encoded by the esx-4 locus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNon-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a large group of micro-organisms comprising more than 200 individual species. Most NTM are saprophytic organisms and are found mainly in terrestrial and aquatic environments. In recent years, NTM have been increasingly associated with infections in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised individuals, prompting significant efforts to understand the diverse pathogenic and signalling traits of these emerging pathogens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTo investigate dispersal and connectivity between spawning and lagoon nursery habitats of the gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata, in the Gulf of Lions (northwestern Mediterranean Sea), we modeled the potential transport of the species' larvae between its supposed main spawning site in the region (the Planier Island) and two of its main local nursery areas (the coastal lagoons of Thau and Salses-Leucate). Passive larval drift simulations using a dispersal biophysical model showed a large variability in the possible trajectories from spawning to nursery areas and in the predicted ages for larvae arrival on the two nursery sites. The most common ages at arrival obtained in the simulations (20-60 days) are broadly consistent with previous modeling studies but contrast with the actual ages of the S.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFα,α'-Trehalose plays roles in the synthesis of several cell wall components involved in pathogenic mycobacteria virulence. Its absence in mammalian biochemistry makes trehalose-related biochemical processes potential targets for chemotherapy. The trehalose 6-phosphate synthase (TPS)/trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) pathway, also known as the OtsA/OtsB2 pathway, is the major pathway involved in the production of trehalose in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFl-Threonine is an important supplement in the food industry. It is currently produced through fermentation of but requires additional purification steps to remove endotoxin. To avoid these steps, it is desirable to use , a microorganism generally regarded as safe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCorrection for 'Zwitterionic pyrrolidene-phosphonates: inhibitors of the glycoside hydrolase-like phosphorylase Streptomyces coelicolor GlgEI-V279S' by Sri Kumar Veleti et al., Org. Biomol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe synthesized and evaluated new zwitterionic inhibitors against glycoside hydrolase-like phosphorylase Streptomyces coelicolor (Sco) GlgEI-V279S which plays a role in α-glucan biosynthesis. Sco GlgEI-V279S serves as a model enzyme for validated anti-tuberculosis (TB) target Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) GlgE. Pyrrolidine inhibitors 5 and 6 were designed based on transition state considerations and incorporate a phosphonate on the pyrrolidine moiety to expand the interaction network between the inhibitor and the enzyme active site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe unique cell wall of mycobacteria is essential to their viability and the target of many clinically used anti-tuberculosis drugs and inhibitors under development. Despite intensive efforts to identify the ligase(s) responsible for the covalent attachment of the two major heteropolysaccharides of the mycobacterial cell wall, arabinogalactan (AG) and peptidoglycan (PG), the enzyme or enzymes responsible have remained elusive. We here report on the identification of the two enzymes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, CpsA1 (Rv3267) and CpsA2 (Rv3484), responsible for this function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this paper we characterize three sTPSs: a germacrene D (LaGERDS), a (E)-β-caryophyllene (LaCARS) and a τ-cadinol synthase (LaCADS). τ-cadinol synthase is reported here for the first time and its activity was studied in several biological models including transiently or stably transformed tobacco species. Three dimensional structure models of LaCADS and Ocimum basilicum γ-cadinene synthase were built by homology modeling using the template structure of Gossypium arboreum δ-cadinene synthase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Non-target-site based resistance to herbicides is a major threat to the chemical control of agronomically noxious weeds. This adaptive trait is endowed by differences in the expression of a number of genes in plants that are resistant or sensitive to herbicides. Quantification of the expression of such genes requires normalising qPCR data using reference genes with stable expression in the system studied as internal standards.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Repeated use of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors, especially fenoxaprop and clodinafop, since the late 1980s has selected for resistance in Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. (black-grass) in France. We investigated whether resistance to pinoxaden, a phenylpyrazoline ACCase inhibitor to be marketed in France, was present in French black-grass populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Child Psychol Psychiatry
January 2008
Undertaking assessment is a significant component of a Child Psychotherapist's work within Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS), yet as an activity it has been relatively neglected in the research literature. This study made use of a small-scale, qualitative design to explore the nature and function of psychoanalytic assessment work within a single CAMHS team. After an initial audit of child psychotherapy assessment work, indepth interviews with 5 Child and Adolescent Psychotherapists, exploring the nature of assessment work, were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA).
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