Opioid-free versus opioid-sparing anaesthesia in ambulatory total hip arthroplasty: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery pathways are essential for ambulatory surgery. They usually recommend lower intraoperative opioid use to avoid opioid-related adverse effects. This has led to opioid-sparing anaesthesia (OSA) techniques, with the extreme approach of opioid-free anaesthesia (OFA) mostly with dexmedetomidine.

Genetically determined thymic function affects strength and duration of immune response in COVID patients with pneumonia.

Thymic activation improves the outcome of COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia. The genetic polymorphism within the locus, which affects thymic output in healthy individuals, was found here to modify SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity and disease severity in COVID-19 patients with severe pneumonia. Forty patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia were investigated.

Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) technique improves the efficiency of distal nerve blocks for carpal tunnel release.

Background: Axillary block is the standard for carpal tunnel release (CTR), providing effective anesthesia, and tolerance of tourniquet. Conversely, distal blocks are less used due to poor tolerance of tourniquet. Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT), proposed for hand and wrist surgeries, avoids its use.

Persistent diaphragm dysfunction after cardiac surgery is associated with adverse respiratory outcomes: a prospective observational ultrasound study.

Background: Transient diaphragm dysfunction is common during the first week after cardiac surgery; however, the precise incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of persistent diaphragm dysfunction are not well described.

Methods: In a single-centre prospective cohort study, we included all consecutive patients over 18 yr who underwent elective cardiac surgery. Diaphragm function was evaluated with ultrasound (M-mode) by recording the excursion of both hemidiaphragms at two different time points: preoperatively and after the seventh postoperative day in patients breathing without assistance.

Combined proximal or distal nerve blocks for postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Many regional anaesthetic techniques have been proposed to manage pain after total knee arthroplasty, but the best approach is unclear. We compared opioid consumption in the first 48 h between two different regional anaesthesia strategies in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty.

Methods: In this single-centre, prospective study, we randomly allocated 90 patients to a combination of IPACK (interspace between popliteal artery and capsule of the posterior knee), triangle femoral and obturator nerve blocks (distal group), or a combination of sciatic, femoral, obturator, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve blocks (proximal group).

[Assessment of Teleconsultation for planned orthopaedic surgery].

The COVID-19 pandemic has motivated the development of teleconsultation in anaesthesia. We have conducted a single centre prospective study in patients scheduled for planned orthopaedic surgery during 9 weeks between may and july 2020 to assess its practicability. The quality of the consultation and patients' satisfaction, were evaluated during this period.

Efficacy of parasternal block to decrease intraoperative opioid use in coronary artery bypass surgery via sternotomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study aims to assess the effect of a preoperative parasternal plane block (PSB) on opioid consumption required to maintain hemodynamic stability during sternotomy for coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

Methods: This double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial prospectively enrolled 35 patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft surgery under general anesthesia with propofol and remifentanil. Patients were randomized to receive preoperative PSB using either ropivacaine (PSB group) or saline solution (placebo group) (1:1 ratio).

Virtual reality vs. Kalinox® for management of pain in intensive care unit after cardiac surgery: a randomized study.

Introduction: The management of pain and anxiety remains a challenge in the intensive care unit. By distracting patients, virtual reality (VR) may have a role in painful procedures. We compared VR vs.

Protective reactive thymus hyperplasia in COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Background: Patients with COVID-19 (COVID) may develop acute respiratory distress syndrome with or without sepsis, coagulopathy and visceral damage. While chest CT scans are routinely performed in the initial assessment of patients with severe pulmonary forms, thymus involvement and reactivation have not been investigated so far.

Methods: In this observational study, we systematically scored the enlargement of the thymus and the lung involvement, using CT scans, in all adult patients admitted to the ICU for COVID or any other cause (control group) at one centre between March and April 2020.

Smart bracelet to assess physical activity after cardiac surgery: A prospective study.

Objectives: Little is known about the physical activity of patients after cardiac surgery. This study was designed to assess this activity using a connected bracelet.

Methods: In this prospective, monocentric study, patients scheduled for cardiac surgery were offered to wear an electronic bracelet.

Low Tidal Volume Mechanical Ventilation Against No Ventilation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Heart Surgery (MECANO): A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications are common after cardiac surgery and have been related to lung collapse during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). No consensus exists regarding the effects of maintaining mechanical ventilation during CPB to decrease these complications.

Research Question: To determine whether maintaining low-tidal ventilation (3 mL/kg 5 times/min, with positive end expiratory pressure of 5 cm HO) during CPB (ventilation strategy) was superior to a resting-lung strategy with no ventilation (no ventilation strategy) regarding postoperative pulmonary complications, including mortality.

Total knee arthroplasty under quadruple nerve block with ropivacaine 0.32%: effect of addition of intravenous dexmedetomidine to intravenous dexamethasone on analgesic duration.

Background And Objectives: Peripheral nerve blocks reduce postoperative pain and enhance recovery after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aims to assess the benefits of addition of intravenous dexmedetomidine (DexM) to intravenous dexamethasone on the analgesic duration of quadruple nerve blocks.

Methods: This double-blind, randomized, controlled trial prospectively enrolled 90 patients scheduled for TKA under quadruple nerve blocks (sciatic, femoral, obturator, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves blocks) with 70 mL, 0.

Hematopoietic niche drives FLT3-ITD acute myeloid leukemia resistance to quizartinib STAT5-and hypoxia-dependent upregulation of AXL.

Internal tandem duplication in Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3-ITD) is the most frequent mutation observed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and correlates with poor prognosis. FLT3 tyrosine kinase inhibitors are promising for targeted therapy. Here, we investigated mechanisms dampening the response to the FLT3 inhibitor quizartinib, which is specific to the hematopoietic niche.

PUMILIO/FOXP1 signaling drives expansion of hematopoietic stem/progenitor and leukemia cells.

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have emerged as important regulators of invertebrate adult stem cells, but their activities remain poorly appreciated in mammals. Using a short hairpin RNA strategy, we demonstrate here that the 2 mammalian RBPs, PUMILIO (PUM)1 and PUM2, members of the PUF family of posttranscriptional regulators, are essential for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) proliferation and survival in vitro and in vivo upon reconstitution assays. Moreover, we found that PUM1/2 sustain myeloid leukemic cell growth.

The role of small adaptor proteins in the control of oncogenic signalingr driven by tyrosine kinases in human cancer.

Protein phosphorylation on tyrosine (Tyr) residues has evolved as an important mechanism to coordinate cell communication in multicellular organisms. The importance of this process has been revealed by the discovery of the prominent oncogenic properties of tyrosine kinases (TK) upon deregulation of their physiological activities, often due to protein overexpression and/or somatic mutation. Recent reports suggest that TK oncogenic signaling is also under the control of small adaptor proteins.

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 modulates invasion and metastatic potential of colorectal cancer cells.

Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) 1 is an inducible negative regulator of cytokine signaling but its role in human cancer is not completely established. Here we report that, while SOCS1 is expressed in normal colonic epithelium and colon adenocarcinomas, its level decreases during progression of colon adenocarcinomas, the lowest level being found in the most aggressive stage and least differentiated carcinomas. Forced expression of SOCS1 in metastatic colorectal SW620 cells reverses many characteristics of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), as highlighted by the disappearance of the transcription factor ZEB1 and the mesenchymal form of p120ctn and the re-expression of E-cadherin.

SLAP displays tumour suppressor functions in colorectal cancer via destabilization of the SRC substrate EPHA2.

The adaptor SLAP is a negative regulator of receptor signalling in immune cells but its role in human cancer is ill defined. Here we report that SLAP is abundantly expressed in healthy epithelial intestine but strongly downregulated in 50% of colorectal cancer. SLAP overexpression suppresses cell tumorigenicity and invasiveness while SLAP silencing enhances these transforming properties.