Responses to oral glucose challenge differ by physical activity volume and intensity: A pilot study.

Background: One-hour postprandial hyperglycemia is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical activity (PA) has short-term beneficial effects on post-meal glucose response. This study compared the oral glucose tolerance test results of 3 groups of people with habitually different levels of PA.

Exploration of the Factors Influencing Attitudes to Breastfeeding in Public.

Background: Negative attitudes toward breastfeeding in public have consistently been identified as a key barrier to breastfeeding continuation. In order to design effective social marketing campaigns to improve public attitude toward breastfeeding in public, it is critical to identify segments of the population who are less likely to support this activity, their underlying reasons, and the medium through which they can be reached.

Research Aim: The aims were to (a) identify the underlying dimensions that drive acceptance or opposition to breastfeeding in public, (b) test whether specific population segments were more or less likely to support breastfeeding in public, and (c) identify suitable media outlets to reach them.

Caffeine release and absorption from caffeinated gums.

The objectives of this study were to estimate the impact of chewing time on caffeine release from gum and to understand caffeine pharmacokinetics. Caffeine release increased with chewing time (2 min < 5 min < 10 min). Furthermore, two plasma caffeine concentration peaks were observed suggesting that caffeine absorption occurs both through the oral mucosa and gastrointestinal tract.

UK Views toward Breastfeeding in Public: An Analysis of the Public's Response to the Claridge's Incident.

Background: The embarrassment that UK mothers experience when breastfeeding in public has often been cited as a key factor in the decision of the mother to discontinue breastfeeding. There is convincing evidence that many UK residents are not comfortable with women breastfeeding in public; however, little is known about the underlying reasons for this discomfort.

Objective: This study aimed to assess views on breastfeeding in public in the United Kingdom and to understand why some UK residents object to this practice.

Impact of health claims in prebiotic-enriched breads on purchase intent, emotional response and product liking.

The impact of health claims on purchase intent, emotional response and liking has never been previously reported. In this study, prebiotic-enriched bread was used as a model functional food. Purchase intent, emotional response and liking were investigated in three phases: (1) focus groups were used to gauge consumer perception of health claims and functional foods, (2) the impact of health claims on purchase intent and emotional responses were measured using an online survey (n = 122) and (3) hedonic ratings on bread rolls presented with or without any associated claims were obtained (n = 100).

The effect of inulin and fructo-oligosaccharide supplementation on the textural, rheological and sensory properties of bread and their role in weight management: a review.

There is evidence that fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and inulin can impart a range of health benefits if consumed on a regular basis. The health benefits include increased mineral absorption and improved immune response and while there is mounting evidence that prebiotics play a role in colorectal cancer prevention, their role of satiety and weight management is still being investigated. In this review we look at the evidence published so far on FOS or inulin supplementation and weight management.

Modelling of physical ageing in starch using the TNM equation.

Gelatinised wheat starch, freeze dried and equilibrated at different RH, was aged at different temperatures and for different times. The Tool-Narayanaswamy-Moynihan (TNM) model was used to describe the ageing for all samples under all conditions. Three TNM parameters: x, Δh* and A were determined experimentally using, respectively, the peak shift method (x) and the dependency of T'(f) (the limiting value of T(f)) on the cooling rate (Δh* and A).