Efficacy and safety of neuraxial hydromorphone: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis.

Study Objective: Neuraxial hydromorphone provides postoperative pain relief. However, the magnitude of this effect and the optimal dose remain unknown. The objective of this study is to clarify these uncertainties.

Non-pulmonary complications of intrathecal morphine administration: a systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression.

Background: Intrathecal morphine provides effective analgesia for a range of operations. However, widespread implementation into clinical practice is hampered by concerns for potential side-effects. We undertook a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression with the primary objective of determining whether a threshold dose for non-pulmonary complications could be defined and whether an association could be established between dose and complication rates when intrathecal morphine is administered for perioperative or obstetric analgesia.

Adjustments of iodinated contrast media using lean body weight for abdominopelvic computed tomography: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to compare the effect of contrast media (CM) dose adjustment based on lean body weight (LBW) method versus other calculation protocols for abdominopelvic CT examinations.

Method: Studies published from 2002 onwards were systematically searched in June 2024 across Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, Google Scholar and four other grey literature sources, with no language limit. Randomised controlled trials (RCT) and quasi-RCT of abdominopelvic or abdominal CT examinations in adults with contrast media injection for oncological and acute diseases were included.

Efficacy and safety of intrathecal diamorphine: a systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression and trial sequential analysis.

Background: Intrathecal diamorphine is believed to provide postoperative analgesia but is associated with adverse effects such as nausea and vomiting. There is little evidence of synthesis regarding intrathecal diamorphine in the contemporary literature. We performed a systematic review, meta-analysis with meta-regression and trial sequential analysis to determine the magnitude of intrathecal diamorphine efficacy and safety.

PSTPIP1-Associated Myeloid-Related Proteinemia Inflammatory (PAMI) Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

PSTPIP1 (proline-serine-threonine phosphatase-interactive protein 1)-associated myeloid-related proteinemia inflammatory (PAMI) syndrome, previously known as Hyperzincemia/Hypercalprotectinemia (Hz/Hc) syndrome, is a recently described, rare auto-inflammatory disorder caused by specific deleterious variants in the gene (p.E250K and p.E257K).

Palliative sedation: ethics in clinical practice guidelines - systematic review.

Objectives: The objective of our study was to determine whether, and to what degree, the ethical dimension was present in clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on palliative sedation, and to identify the ethical issues with respect to the different forms of this practice. The purpose was purely to be descriptive; our aim was not to make any kind of normative judgements on these ethical issues or to develop our own ethical recommendations.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of CPGs on the palliative sedation of adults, focusing our analysis on the ethical dimension of these texts and the ethical issues of this practice.

Major malformations risk following early pregnancy exposure to metformin: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Metformin is considered as first-line treatment for type 2 diabetes and an effective treatment for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, evidence regarding its safety in pregnancy is limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of major congenital malformations (MCMs) risk after first-trimester exposure to metformin in women with PCOS and pregestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM).

Entrustable professional activities for residency in general internal medicine: a systematic review.

Context: Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) are observable tasks that are regular parts of a physician's daily clinical work. Before being permitted to accomplish these tasks independently, trainees must gain their supervisors' trust. Defining the list of EPAs that should be mastered by the end of a residency is critical to setting clear expectations about autonomous practice.

Clinical Practice Guidelines on Palliative Sedation Around the World: A Systematic Review.

The principal aim of this study was to identify, systematically and transparently, clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on palliative sedation from around the world. A systematic search was performed using 5 databases, grey literature search tools, citation tracking, and contact with palliative care experts across the world. Current CPGs accredited by an international, national, or regional authority, published in English, German, French, or Italian, were subjected to content analysis.

Experience of hope in adult patients with advanced chronic disease and their informal caregivers: a qualitative systematic review protocol.

Objective: This systematic review will evaluate the experience of hope in adult patients with advanced chronic diseases other than cancer, transitioning toward end-of-life. The review will also evaluate the experience of hope in informal caregivers caring for adult patients with advanced chronic diseases other than cancer as they transition toward end-of-life.

Introduction: Hope is an important resource that assists patients and informal caregivers to deal with difficult and complex situations, such as living with advanced chronic disease.

Ethical challenges in palliative sedation of adults: protocol for a systematic review of current clinical practice guidelines.

Introduction: This study aims to identify the full spectrum of ethical challenges of all forms of palliative sedation for adults as presented in current clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) and to determine whether CPGs specify ethical challenges of this therapy for patients with cancer and non-cancer and, if so, how exactly they do this. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have yet investigated this topic. The purpose is purely descriptive; our aim is not to make any kind of normative judgements on these challenges.

Intensity-dependent effects of exercise therapy on walking performance and aerobic fitness in symptomatic patients with lower-extremity peripheral artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

We investigated how nonpain-based exercise therapy intensity (light-to-moderate or vigorous) affects improvements in walking performance and cardiorespiratory fitness of patients with symptomatic lower-extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). We searched the Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases up to April 2021 and included randomized controlled trials reporting training therapies targeting exercise intensity (heart rate, oxygen consumption, or perceived exertion). The main outcomes were walking performance (pain-free [PFWD] and maximal [MWD] walking distance) and cardiorespiratory fitness (V̇O).

Instruments assessing medication literacy in adult recipients of care: A systematic review of measurement properties.

Objectives: The assessment of medication literacy in patients is an important step in assisting clinicians to plan for education, prescription simplification, assistance and/or medication aids. There have been several attempts to develop a standardised, objective measure of medication literacy. The objectives of this systematic review were to critically appraise, compare and summarise the measurement properties of existing instruments that assess medication literacy in adult recipients of care.

Impact of incarceration on cardiovascular disease risk factors: a systematic review and meta-regression on weight and BMI change.

Objective: Cardiovascular disease is an underappreciated issue in prison medicine. Recent studies have revealed a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRFs) among individuals in prison, but the impact of incarceration on CVDRFs over time is not well understood. This review aimed to assess available literature and quantify the relationship between incarceration and trends in major CVDRFs in high-income countries.

Nursing discharge teaching for hospitalized older people: A rapid realist review.

Aim: To develop, refine and put forward a programme theory that describes configurations between context, hidden mechanisms and outcomes of nursing discharge teaching.

Design: Rapid realist review guided by Pawson's recommendations and using the Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Syntheses: Evolving Standards.

Data Sources: We performed searches in MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Full text, Google Scholarand supplementary searches in Google.

Assessing the Will to Live: A Scoping Review.

Context: The will to live (WTL) is an important factor to consider in the context of providing resource-oriented palliative care. Until now, there has been no major review of the existing research on this subject.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study is to summarize the state of research concerning instruments that assess the WTL.

Psychological impact of an epidemic/pandemic on the mental health of healthcare professionals: a rapid review.

Background: Epidemics or pandemics, such as the current Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) crisis, pose unique challenges to healthcare professionals (HCPs). Caring for patients during an epidemic/pandemic may impact negatively on the mental health of HCPs. There is a lack of evidence-based advice on what would be effective in mitigating this impact.

Symptom perception in heart failure - Interventions and outcomes: A scoping review.

Background: Symptom perception in heart failure has recently been described as essential in the self-care process bridging self-care maintenance and self-care management. Accordingly, symptom perception appears to be critical for improving patient outcomes such as decreased hospital readmission and increased survival.

Objectives: To explore what interventions have been reported on heart failure symptom perception and to describe outcomes responsive to symptom perception.

A Systematic Review of Clinical Practice Guidelines for Acute Procedural Pain on Neonates.

Objectives: During hospitalization in neonatal intensive care units, neonates are exposed to many painful procedures within a stressful environment. To date, many evidence-based guidelines are available. However, the quality of these guidelines and their clinical application remain unclear.

Symptom perception in heart failure: a scoping review on definition, factors and instruments.

Background: Symptom perception in heart failure has been identified as crucial for effective self-care that is a modifiable factor related to decreased hospital readmission and improved survival.

Aims: To review systematically the heart failure symptom perception literature and synthesise knowledge on definition, description, factors and instruments.

Methods: We conducted a scoping review including studies reporting patient-reported symptom perception in adults with heart failure.

Family-oriented interventions for adults with acquired brain injury and their families: a scoping review.

Objective: This scoping review sought to describe the literature on the different types of interventions to support families of patients with acquired brain injuries (ABIs) and their outcomes.

Introduction: Acquired brain injuries are among the leading causes of disability in adults worldwide and have physical, cognitive or/and behavioral consequences not only for the patient, but also for the family. Several support interventions have been proposed in different contexts at different phases of recovery with various levels of evidence, yet no synthesis is available to date.

Experiences of newly diagnosed cancer patients in confronting the finitudes of life: a qualitative systematic review protocol.

What is the experience of newly diagnosed patients with cancer when facing the finitude of life and undergoing initial anti-cancer treatment?