Distinct attentional and executive profiles in neurofibromatosis type 1: Is there difference with primary attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder?

Purpose: Attentional and executive dysfunctions are the most frequent cognitive disorders in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), with a high prevalence of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We (i) compared attentional profiles between NF1 children with and without ADHD and children with primary ADHD criteria and (ii) investigated the possible relationship between attentional disorders and "unidentified bright objects" (UBOs) in NF1.

Methods: This retrospective study included 47 NF1 children, 25 with ADHD criteria (NF1+adhd group), matched for age, sex, and cognitive level with 47 children with primary ADHD (ADHD group).

Leukocyte cell population data in patients with cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass: A potential readily available tool to monitor immunity.

Purpose: Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass triggers sterile inflammation that is responsible for post-operative morbidity. Automated flow cytometry devices used for leucocyte count provide cell population data (CPD) regarding fluorescence intensity, size and granularity of leukocytes that have never been studied in the context of sterile inflammation. Our objective was to explore leukocyte cell population data in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass in order to determine whether CPD could be used to monitor immune cell activation.

The IL-4 rs2070874 polymorphism may be associated with the severity of recurrent viral-induced wheeze.

Background: Childhood recurrent wheezing and consequently asthma corresponds to various phenotypes. Our aim was to link genetic variants of asthma candidate genes to the phenotypes of early onset wheezing.

Study Design: We included very young consecutive children presenting with recurrent wheezing who had been evaluated for the severity of wheezing, associated atopic comorbidities, and tested for biomarkers of atopy and inflammation.

In a tertiary maternity hospital, when should a paediatrician be present in the delivery room?

Objective: 10% of newborns require positive pressure ventilation (PPV) at birth. There are few data on prenatal or early postnatal factors that are predictive of the need for a paediatrician in the delivery room. The study analysed prenatal obstetric and early postnatal factors associated with the requirement for paediatrician assistance in this setting.

Polyethylene bag wrapping to prevent hypothermia during percutaneous central venous catheter insertion in the preterm newborn under 32 weeks of gestation.

Aim: In preterm neonates, during nursing procedures, body temperature decreases. This study evaluates the interest of polyethylene bag wrapping to prevent this decrease during percutaneous central venous catheter (PCVC) insertion procedure, in preterm neonates under 32 weeks of gestation nursed in closed incubators.

Methods: This prospective observational study compared two periods: [May 2009-September 2009]: "without polyethylene bag wrapping" and [October 2009-March 2010]: "with polyethylene bag wrapping".