Prokaryotic communities of the French Polynesian sponge Dactylospongia metachromia display a site-specific and stable diversity during an aquaculture trial.

Dynamics of microbiomes through time are fundamental regarding survival and resilience of their hosts when facing environmental alterations. As for marine species with commercial applications, such as marine sponges, assessing the temporal change of prokaryotic communities allows us to better consider the adaptation of sponges to aquaculture designs. The present study aims to investigate the factors shaping the microbiome of the sponge Dactylospongia metachromia, in a context of aquaculture development in French Polynesia, Rangiroa, Tuamotu archipelago.

Bioactive Bromotyrosine Derivatives from the Pacific Marine Sponge (Pulitzer-Finali, 1982).

Chemical investigation of the South-Pacific marine sponge led to the isolation of eight new bromotyrosine metabolites named subereins 1-8 (-) along with twelve known co-isolated congeners. The detailed configuration determination of the first representative major compound of this family 11--fistularin-3 (11,17) () is described. Their chemical characterization was achieved by HRMS and integrated 1D and 2D NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopic studies and extensive comparison with literature data.

Quorum Sensing Inhibitory and Antifouling Activities of New Bromotyrosine Metabolites from the Polynesian Sponge n. sp.

Four new brominated tyrosine metabolites, aplyzanzines C-F (-), were isolated from the French Polynesian sponge n. sp., along with the two known 2-aminoimidazolic derivatives, purealidin A () and previously isolated, respectively, from the sponges and Verongula sp.

Calcareous sponges from the French Polynesia (Porifera: Calcarea).

Although the French Polynesian reefs are among the most well studied reefs of the world, sponges are still poorly known, with only 199 species or OTUs of sponges having been described from French Polynesia, 167 at an OTU level and 32 at a species level. From those 199 species, just five are calcareous sponges. As it is possible that this number is underestimated, the aim of the present work was to study the diversity of calcareous sponges from French Polynesia.

Synergistic AML Cell Death Induction by Marine Cytotoxin (+)-1(), 6(), 1'(), 6'(), 11(), 17()-Fistularin-3 and Bcl-2 Inhibitor Venetoclax.

Treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients is still hindered by resistance and relapse, resulting in an overall poor survival rate. Recently, combining specific B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2 inhibitors with compounds downregulating myeloid cell leukemia (Mcl)-1 has been proposed as a new effective strategy to eradicate resistant AML cells. We show here that 1(), 6(), 1'(), 6'(), 11(), 17()-fistularin-3, a bromotyrosine compound of the fistularin family, isolated from the marine sponge , synergizes with Bcl-2 inhibitor ABT-199 to efficiently kill Mcl-1/Bcl-2-positive AML cell lines, associated with Mcl-1 downregulation and endoplasmic reticulum stress induction.

New Sulfur-Containing Polyarsenicals from the New Caledonian Sponge Echinochalina bargibanti.

Arsenicin A (C₃H₆As₄O₃) was isolated from the New Caledonian poecilosclerid sponge , and described as the first natural organic polyarsenic compound. Further bioguided fractionation of the extracts of this sponge led us to isolate the first sulfur-containing organic polyarsenicals ever found in Nature. These metabolites, called arsenicin B and arsenicin C, are built on a noradamantane-type framework that is characterized by an unusual As⁻As bonding.

Bioactive Bromotyrosine-Derived Alkaloids from the Polynesian Sponge .

Herein, we describe the isolation and spectroscopic identification of eight new tetrabrominated tyrosine alkaloids ⁻ from the Polynesian sponge , along with known major compound psammaplysene D (), ,-dimethyldibromotyramine, 5-hydroxy xanthenuric acid, and xanthenuric acid. Cytotoxicity and acetylcholinesterase inhibition activities were evaluated for some of the isolated metabolites. They exhibited moderate antiproliferative activity against KB cancer cell lines, but psammaplysene D () displayed substantial cytotoxicity as well as acetylcholinesterase inhibition with IC values of 0.

A new species of the sponge Raspailia (Raspaxilla) (Porifera: Demospongiae: Axinellida: Raspailiidae) from deep seamounts of the Western Pacific.

A new species of Raspailia (Raspaxilla) frondosa sp. nov. is described from the deep seamounts of the Norfolk and New Caledonia Ridges.

Unguiculins A-C: cytotoxic bis-guanidine alkaloids from the French Polynesian sponge, Monanchora n. sp.

Two new acyclic bis-guanidine alkaloids, unguiculins B-C (2-3), were isolated from a French Polynesian sponge Monanchora n. sp. together with the known compound unguiculin A (1).

Sporothriolide-Related Compounds from the Fungus Hypoxylon monticulosum CLL-205 Isolated from a Sphaerocladina Sponge from the Tahiti Coast.

Two sporothriolide-related compounds were obtained from an extract of the fungus Hypoxylon monticulosum CLL-205, isolated from a Sphaerocladina sponge collected from the Tahiti coast. Compound 2 is a deoxy analogue of sporothric acid (4). Compound 3 is a newly reported unusual scaffold combining sporothriolide (1) and trienylfuranol A (5) moieties, through a Diels-Alderase-type reaction.

An Unprecedented Blue Chromophore Found in Nature using a "Chemistry First" and Molecular Networking Approach: Discovery of Dactylocyanines A-H.

Guided by a "chemistry first" approach using molecular networking, eight new bright-blue colored natural compounds, namely dactylocyanines A-H (3-10), were isolated from the Polynesian marine sponge Dactylospongia metachromia. Starting from ilimaquinone (1), an hemisynthetic phishing probe (2) was prepared for annotating and matching structurally related natural substances in D. metachromia crude extract network.

Isolation and identification of chitin from heavy mineralized skeleton of Suberea clavata (Verongida: Demospongiae: Porifera) marine demosponge.

Since the discovery of chitin in skeletal structures of sponges (Porifera) in 2007, studies on search of novel species which possess this structural aminopolysaccharide continue up today. The most potential source of chitin is suggested to be localized in the four families of sponges related to the order Verongida (Demospongiae) which nevertheless require further clarification. Here, we report for the first time the isolation and identification of α-chitin from the Suberea clavata demosponge (Aplysinidae: Verongida).

Cytotoxic Guanidine Alkaloids from a French Polynesian Monanchora n. sp. Sponge.

Four bicyclic and three pentacyclic guanidine alkaloids (1-7) were isolated from a French Polynesian Monanchora n. sp. sponge, along with the known alkaloids monalidine A (8), enantiomers 9-11 of known natural product crambescins, and the known crambescidins 12-15.

Redescription of Herdmania papietensis Herdman, 1882 (Ascidiacea, Pyuridae) from Polynesia.

Among the Pyuridae family the genus Herdmania Lahille, 1888 differs from the diagnose of Pyura Molina, 1782 by the presence of needle-shape echinated spicules in all tissues. These striking elements formerly led to identify many specimens collected in tropical or temperate waters as Herdmania momus (Savigny, 1916). Later the genus was split into several species with a special attention to the different structure of the gonoducts.

Scalarane sesterterpenes from Thorectidae sponges as inhibitors of TDP-43 nuclear factor.

The analysis of two Thorectidae sponge samples, Hyrtios sp. and Petrosaspongia sp., collected at Fiji Islands, led to the isolation of five new scalarane derivatives along with fifteen known compounds.

New antiplasmodial bromotyrosine derivatives from Suberea ianthelliformis Lendenfeld, 1888.

Four samples of Suberea ianthelliformis were investigated and furnished five new and 13 known brominated tyrosine-derived compounds. Two of the new compounds were identified as araplysillin N20-formamide and its N-oxide derivative. Three other new compounds, araplysillins IV, V, and VI, were isolated and identified as analogs of araplysillin II.

Pipestelides A-C: cyclodepsipeptides from the Pacific marine sponge Pipestela candelabra.

Pipestelides A-C (2-4) are three new NRPS-PKS hybrid macrolides containing uncommon moieties, isolated from the Pacific marine sponge Pipestela candelabra. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data. These cyclodepsipeptides appear to be biosynthetically related to jaspamide (aka jasplakinolide) (1) by chemical modification of the building blocks of the polyketide or peptide chains.

Antiproliferative activity against human non-small cell lung cancer of two O-alkyl-diglycosylglycerols from the marine sponges Myrmekioderma dendyi and Trikentrion laeve.

Glycolipids of Myrmekioderma sponges contain Myrmekiosides, a new family of glycolipids with a unique structure of mono-O-alkyl-diglycosylglycerols. This report deals with the identification and biological activity of the new Myrmekioside E from Myrmekioderma dendyi. Its structure has been elucidated from spectroscopic data and chemical degradation studies.

Conicasterol E, a small heterodimer partner sparing farnesoid X receptor modulator endowed with a pregnane X receptor agonistic activity, from the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei.

We report the isolation and pharmacological characterization of conicasterol E isolated from the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei. Pharmacological characterization of this steroid in comparison to CDCA, a natural FXR ligand, and 6-ECDCA, a synthetic FXR agonist generated by an improved synthetic strategy, and rifaximin, a potent PXR agonist, demonstrated that conicasterol E is an FXR modulator endowed with PXR agonistic activity. Conicasterol E induces the expression of genes involved in bile acids detoxification without effect on the expression of small heterodimer partner (SHP), thus sparing the expression of genes involved in bile acids biosynthesis.

Swinholide J, a potent cytotoxin from the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei.

In our ongoing search for new pharmacologically active leads from Solomon organisms, we have examined the sponge Theonella swinhoei. Herein we report the isolation and structure elucidation of swinholide A (1) and one new macrolide, swinholide J (2). Swinholide J is an unprecedented asymmetric 44-membered dilactone with an epoxide functionality in half of the molecule.

Bioactive indole derivatives from the South Pacific marine sponges Rhopaloeides odorabile and Hyrtios sp.

Indole derivatives including bromoindoles have been isolated from the South Pacific marine sponges Rhopaloeides odorabile and Hyrtios sp. Their structures were established through analysis of mass spectra and 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Their potential inhibitory phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂), antioxidant and cytotoxic activities were evaluated.

Theonellasterols and conicasterols from Theonella swinhoei. Novel marine natural ligands for human nuclear receptors.

Silica gel column chromatography, followed by HPLC purification on the apolar fraction of the methanol extract of marine sponge Theonella swinhoei, resulted in the isolation of a library of 10 polyhydroxylated steroids which we named theonellasterols B-H (1-7) and conicasterols B-D (8-10). The structures were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data (MS, (1)H and (13)C NMR, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and ROESY) analysis, and the putative binding mode to nuclear receptors (NRs) has been obtained through docking calculations. Pharmacological and structure-activity relationship analysis demonstrate that these natural polyhydroxylated steroids are potent ligands of human nuclear pregnane receptor (PXR) and modulator of farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR).

Solomonamides A and B, new anti-inflammatory peptides from Theonella swinhoei.

Two unprecedented cyclic peptides, solomonamides A and B, were isolated from the marine sponge Theonella swinhoei. The structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive 1D and 2D NMR analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry. A combined approach, involving Marfey's method, QM J based analysis, and DFT J/(13)C calculations, was used for establishing the absolute configuration of the entire molecule.

New bioactive halenaquinone derivatives from South Pacific marine sponges of the genus Xestospongia.

Bioassay-directed fractionation of South Pacific marine sponges of the genus Xestospongia has led to the isolation of a number of halenaquinone-type polyketides, including two new derivatives named xestosaprol C methylacetal 7 and orhalquinone 8. Chemical characterization of these two new compounds was achieved by extensive 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Evaluation of anti-phospholipase A(2), anti-farnesyltransferase and antiplasmodial activities of this series is presented and structure/activity relationships are discussed.