The Added Value of Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography to Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Local Staging of Prostate Cancer in Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy.

Background And Objective: The role of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-based positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in addition to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for local staging of prostate cancer (PC) has been poorly addressed so far. Our aim was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of PSMA PET/CT and MRI, alone and combined, for detection of extraprostatic extension (EPE) and seminal vesicle invasion (SVI) in PC.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study evaluating patients undergoing PSMA PET/CT and MRI before radical prostatectomy.

Better Oncological Outcomes After Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography-guided Salvage Radiotherapy Following Prostatectomy.

Background And Objective: Up to 50% of patients with prostate cancer experience prostate-specific antigen (PSA) relapse following primary radical prostatectomy (RP). Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) is increasingly being used for staging after RP owing to its high detection rate. Our aim was to compare outcomes for patients who received salvage radiotherapy (sRT) with versus without PSMA PET guidance.

The association of quantitative PSMA PET parameters with pathologic ISUP grade: an international multicenter analysis.

Purpose: To assess if PSMA PET quantitative parameters are associated with pathologic ISUP grade group (GG) and upgrading/downgrading.

Methods: PCa patients undergoing radical prostatectomy with or without pelvic lymph node dissection staged with preoperative PSMA PET at seven referral centres worldwide were evaluated. PSMA PET parameters which included SUV, PSMA, and total PSMA accumulation (PSMA) were collected.

Image-Guided Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy on Detectable Prostate Bed Recurrence after Prostatectomy in RT-Naïve Patients.

Unlabelled: Purpose or Objective-The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SBRT on detectable prostate bed recurrence in RT-naïve prostate cancer patients.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-six patients who underwent SBRT for macroscopic bed recurrence after prostatectomy were retrospectively included. Patients were treated based on mpMRI or choline/PSMA PET.

New target therapies in prostate cancer: from radioligand therapy, to PARP-inhibitors and immunotherapy.

Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in its advanced stages. Despite progress in early detection and treatment, PCa is the second most common cancer diagnosis among men. This review aims to provide an overview of current therapeutic approaches and innovations in PCa management, focusing on the latest advancements and ongoing challenges.

Prostate cancer: nuclear medicine imaging in the biochemical recurrence and in oligometastatic disease.

Introduction: The aim of this article was to offer a comprehensive non-systematic review of the literature about the use of Nuclear Medicine imaging exams for the evaluation of prostate cancer (PCa) in the recurrent setting, with a particular regard to positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging.

Evidence Acquisition: A comprehensive nonsystematic literature review was performed in March 2024. Literature search was updated until March 2024.

Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-Targeted Therapy in Prostate Cancer: History, Combination Therapies, Trials, and Future Perspective.

In the last decades, the development of PET/CT radiopharmaceuticals, targeting the Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA), changed the management of prostate cancer (PCa) patients thanks to its higher diagnostic accuracy in comparison with conventional imaging both in staging and in recurrence. Alongside molecular imaging, PSMA was studied as a therapeutic agent targeted with various isotopes. In 2021, results from the VISION trial led to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of [Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 as a novel therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and set the basis for a radical change in the future perspectives of PCa treatment and the history of Nuclear Medicine.

Radio-Guided Surgery with a New-Generation β-Probe for Radiolabeled Somatostatin Analog, in Patients with Small Intestinal Neuroendocrine Tumors.

Background: Radio-guided surgery (RGS) holds promise for improving surgical outcomes in neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Previous studies showed low specificity (SP) using γ-probes to detect radiation emitted by radio-labeled somatostatin analogs.

Objective: We aimed to assess the sensitivity (SE) and SP of the intraoperative RGS approach using a β-probe with a per-lesion analysis, while assessing safety and feasibility as secondary objectives.

Photon vs proton hypofractionation in prostate cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: High-level evidence on hypofractionated proton therapy (PT) for localized and locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa) patients is currently missing. The aim of this study is to provide a systematic literature review to compare the toxicity and effectiveness of curative radiotherapy with photon therapy (XRT) or PT in PCa.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched up to April 2022.

Can we predict pathology without surgery? Weighing the added value of multiparametric MRI and whole prostate radiomics in integrative machine learning models.

Objective: To test the ability of high-performance machine learning (ML) models employing clinical, radiological, and radiomic variables to improve non-invasive prediction of the pathological status of prostate cancer (PCa) in a large, single-institution cohort.

Methods: Patients who underwent multiparametric MRI and prostatectomy in our institution in 2015-2018 were considered; a total of 949 patients were included. Gradient-boosted decision tree models were separately trained using clinical features alone and in combination with radiological reporting and/or prostate radiomic features to predict pathological T, pathological N, ISUP score, and their change from preclinical assessment.

Extreme-hypofractionated RT with concomitant boost to the DIL in PCa: a 5-year update on oncological and patient-reported outcomes for the phase II trial "GIVE ME FIVE".

Aim: The present work reports updated oncological results and patients-reported outcomes at 5 years of phase II trial "Short-term high precision RT for early prostate cancer with SIB to the dominant intraprostatic lesion (DIL) for patients with early-stage PCa".

Methods: Data from patients enrolled within AIRC IG-13218 (NCT01913717) trial were analyzed. Clinical and GU/GI toxicity assessment and PSA measurements were performed every 3 months for at least 2 years after RT end.

First-in-human validation of a DROP-IN β-probe for robotic radioguided surgery: defining optimal signal-to-background discrimination algorithm.

Purpose: In radioguided surgery (RGS), radiopharmaceuticals are used to generate preoperative roadmaps (e.g., PET/CT) and to facilitate intraoperative tracing of tracer avid lesions.

Diagnosis and staging of small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors with CT enterography and PET with Gallium-68: preoperative risk stratification protocol.

Purpose: Pre-operative diagnosis and staging of small intestine neuroendocrine tumors (SI-NETs) remain sub-optimal, with open palpation during surgery still considered the gold standard. This limits a standardized implementation of minimally invasive surgery (MIS). The aim of this single-center retrospective study was to assess a tailored diagnostic work-up to identify candidates at low risk of undetected disease who may benefit from MIS.

Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with 177Lu- or 90Y-SSTR peptides in malignant pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs): results from a single institutional retrospective analysis.

Background: Malignant pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs) are rare tumors and available systemic therapies are limited.

Aim: To explore the role of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) with Yttrium-90 (Y) and Lutetium-177 (Lu) peptides in pheochromocytomas (PCCs) and paragangliomas (PGLs).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed more than 1500 patients with histologically proven neuroendocrine tumors treated with Lu- or Y-DOTA-TATE or -TOC between 1999 to 2017 at our Institute.

Aberrant salience in cannabis-induced psychosis: a comparative study.

Background: Natural Cannabis (NC) and Synthetic Cannabinoids (SCs) use can increase the risk and exacerbate the course of psychotic disorders. These could be influenced by the Aberrant Salience (AS) construct. It refers to an excess of attribution of meaning to stimuli that are otherwise regarded as neutral, thereby transform them into adverse, dangerous, or mysterious entities.

Multi-omics integrative modelling for stereotactic body radiotherapy in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer: clinical trial protocol of the MONDRIAN study.

Background: Currently, main treatment strategies for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (ES-NSCLC) disease are surgery or stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), with successful local control rates for both approaches. However, regional and distant failure remain critical in SBRT, and it is paramount to identify predictive factors of response to identify high-risk patients who may benefit from more aggressive approaches. The main endpoint of the MONDRIAN trial is to identify multi-omic biomarkers of SBRT response integrating information from the individual fields of radiomics, genomics and proteomics.

Outcomes of Cytoreductive Radical Prostatectomy for Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer on Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Positron Emission Tomography: Results of a Multicenter European Study.

Background: De novo oligometastatic prostate cancer (omPCa) on prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET) is a new disease entity and its optimal management remains unknown.

Objective: To analyze the outcomes of patients treated with cytoreductive radical prostatectomy (cRP) for omPCa on PSMA-PET.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Overall, 116 patients treated with cRP at 13 European centers were identified.

ANGPTL3 Deficiency and Risk of Hepatic Steatosis.

Background: ANGPTL3 (angiopoietin-like 3) is a therapeutic target for reducing plasma levels of triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. A recent trial with vupanorsen, an antisense oligonucleotide targeting hepatic production of ANGPTL3, reported a dose-dependent increase in hepatic fat. It is unclear whether this adverse effect is due to an on-target effect of inhibiting hepatic ANGPTL3.