Roles of NET Peptides With Known Antimicrobial Activity and Toxicity in Immune Response.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are crucial components of the innate immune system in all living organisms, playing a vital role in the body's defense against diseases and infections. The immune system's primary functions include preventing disease-causing agents from entering the body and eliminating them without causing harm. These peptides exhibit broad-spectrum activity against bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and cancer cells.

Antimicrobial resistance and epidemiological patterns of Streptococcus pyogenes in Türkiye.

Background: Drug-resistant Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci remain significant infectious agents globally. This study investigated the major S. pyogenes strains responsible for infections in Türkiye and their susceptibility to beta-lactam and macrolide antibiotics.

Effective Immobilization of Novel Antimicrobial Peptides via Conjugation onto Activated Silicon Catheter Surfaces.

Antibiotic-resistant microorganisms have become a serious threat to public health, resulting in hospital infections, the majority of which are caused by commonly used urinary tract catheters. Strategies for preventing bacterial adhesion to the catheters' surfaces have been potentially shown as effective methods, such as coating thesurface with antimicrobial biomolecules. Here, novel antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) were designed as potential biomolecules to prevent antibiotic-resistant bacteria from binding to catheter surfaces.

Biopurification using non-growing microorganisms to improve plant protein ingredients.

Securing a sustainable global food supply for a growing population requires a shift toward a more plant-based diet. The application of plant-based proteins is therefore increasing, but unpleasant off-flavors complicate their use. Here, we screened 97 microorganisms for their potential to remove off-flavors in a process with limiting amounts of fermentable sugar.

New-generation biofilm effective antimicrobial peptides and a real-time anti-biofilm activity assay: CoMIC.

Nowadays, it is very important to produce new-generation drugs with antimicrobial properties that will target biofilm-induced infections. The first target for combating these microorganisms, which are the source itself. Antimicrobial peptides, which are more effective than antibiotics due to their ability to kill microorganisms and use a different metabolic pathway, are among the new options today.

Efficacy of radiological depth of invasion measurements on magnetic resonance images acquired at different magnetic field strengths and imaging sequences in predicting cervical lymph node metastasis and other outcomes in tongue cancer.

Objectives: We investigated the correlation between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters and tumor pathological depth of invasion (pDOI), between pDOI and radiological DOI (rDOI), between rDOI and duration between biopsy and MRI, and between rDOI and duration between MRI and surgery to determine the efficacy of rDOI in identifying small lesions and other conditions.

Study Design: We examined 36 adult patients who had been diagnosed histopathologically with cancer of the tongue and had undergone a glossectomy. Using 1.

The efficacy of a single-dose anakinra injection during disease attack in pediatric familial Mediterranean fever.

The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate the efficacy of a single-dose anakinra during familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) attacks and its effect on the duration, severity, and frequency of attacks. The patients with FMF who had disease episode and received a single-dose anakinra during disease episode between December 2020 and May 2022 were included. Demographic characteristics, MEFV gene variants detected, concomitant medical conditions, demographics of recent and previous episodes, laboratory findings and length of hospital stay were recorded.

Diagnostic performance of FDG PET/MRI for cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with clinically N0 head and neck cancer.

Objective: Treatment management in cases of head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) that are clinically negative for lymph node metastases (cN0) is still an important topic of discussion. There is increasing interest in sensitive imaging modalities that can detect the risk of occult metastases at levels below 20%. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of integrated positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in determining neck nodal metastasis status in cN0 patients with HNSCC.

COVID-19 Disease in Presenting to the Pediatric Emergency Department: A Multicenter Study of 8886 Cases.

Background: The aim was to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiologic data of children with SARS-CoV-2 positivity by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) together with treatment strategies and clinical outcomes and to evaluate cases of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) in this population.

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective observational cohort study performed in the pediatric emergency departments of 19 tertiary hospitals. From March 11, 2020, to May 31, 2021, children who were diagnosed with confirmed nasopharyngeal/tracheal specimen SARS-CoV-2 PCR positivity or positivity for serum-specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 were included.

SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity among pediatric health care personnel after the first peak of the pandemic: nationwide surveillance in Turkey.

Background: Understanding SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence among health care personnel is important to explore risk factors for transmission, develop elimination strategies and form a view on the necessity and frequency of surveillance in the future.

Methods: We enrolled 4927 health care personnel working in pediatric units at 32 hospitals from 7 different regions of Turkey in a study to determine SARS Co-V-2 seroprevalence after the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. A point of care serologic lateral flow rapid test kit for immunoglobulin (Ig)M/IgG was used.

Cochlear Implantation in Inner Ear Malformations: Considerations Related to Surgical Complications and Communication Skills.

Introduction: There are particular challenges in the implantation of malformed cochleae, such as in cases of facial nerve anomalies, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, erroneous electrode insertion, or facial stimulation, and the outcomes may differ depending on the severity of the malformation. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of inner ear malformations (IEMs) on surgical complications and outcomes of cochlear implantation.

Methods: In order to assess the impact of IEMs on cochlear implant (CI) outcomes, 2 groups of patients with similar epidemiological parameters were selected from among 863 patients.

Assessment of olfactory and gustatory functions in COVID-19 patients.

Background/aim: This study aims to evaluate of olfactory and gustatory functions of COVID-19 patients and possible risk factors for olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions.

Materials And Methods: The cross-sectional study included adult patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19 in Gazi University Hospital between April 2020 and June 2020. Volunteered patients participated in a survey in which olfactory and gustatory functions and various clinical information were questioned.

The role of gold weight implants in the management of paralytic lagophthalmos.

Background: The study aims to evaluate the usage of gold weight implants and monitor complaints and comfort of patients.

Methods: A hundred and ninety-one implantations performed between January 2009 and January 2019 were analyzed. Seventy-eight patients included in this study The average age of the patients was 51.

Clinical features and outcomes of 76 patients with COVID-19-related multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children.

Objectives: Multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a less understood and a rare complication of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Given the scarce data regarding this novel disease, we aimed to describe the clinical features and outcomes of our patients with MIS-C and to evaluate the associated factors for the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admission.

Methods: The MIS-C patients under 18 years old diagnosed and treated in three referral centers between July 2020 and March 2021 were included.

Imaging of COVID-19 pneumonia in children.

Objective: Literature related to the imaging of COVID-19 pneumonia, its findings and contribution to diagnosis and its differences from adults are limited in pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate chest X-ray and chest CT findings in children with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods: Chest X-ray findings of 59 pediatric patients and chest CT findings of 22 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia were evaluated retrospectively.

Evaluation of Caldwell-Luc Operation in the Endoscopic Era: Experience From Past 7 Years.

Purpose: We wished to draw attention to the changes in the surgical method and indications for the Caldwell-Luc (CL) operation in the endoscopic era.

Patients And Methods: The patients who had undergone the CL operation in the previous 7 years were included in the present study. All operations had been performed by otolaryngologists.

Impact of the demographic and aetiological factors and intraoperative findings on postoperative outcomes in chronic otitis media surgery.

Background/aim: Surgical success is related with many factors belonging to both the patient and the disease. This study aims to analyse the preoperative and intraoperative characteristics, the postoperative results, and the factors affecting the surgical success in different types of chronic otitis media (COM).

Materials And Methods: A total of 1510 ears of 1398 patients who underwent COM surgery were included in the study.

Canal wall down versus canal wall up surgeries in the treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma.

Background/aim: To compare outcomes of canal wall up (CWU) and canal wall down (CWD) techniques in the treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma.

Materials And Methods: Medical records of 76 patients who had a primary surgery due to middle ear cholesteatoma between July 2015 and November 2017 were reviewed retrospectively. Hearing thresholds, speech discrimination scores (SDS), recurrences, and revision surgeries of CWU and CWD surgeries were compared.

Validation of a High-Throughput Sausage Casing Model for the Assessment of Bacterial Inactivation Affected by Salt Concentration, pH, and Temperature.

Previous studies have shown the efficacy of high concentrations of salt as the main preservative against vegetative bacteria present on natural sausage casings. These studies were limited in the number of variables and the interactions between these variables that were assessed. To remedy this situation, a MicroCasing high-throughput model was developed and validated to study the inactivation kinetics of various combinations of parameters (salt concentration, pH, and temperature) on eight bacterial isolates of and over a prolonged period.

Assessment of Cochlear Implant Revision Surgeries in a Cohort of 802 Patients.

Objective: To assess the etiology, demographics, rates and outcomes of revision surgeries, and device survival rates after cochlear implantation.

Study Design: Retrospective case review.

Setting: Tertiary Otology & Neurotology center.

Phosphoproteomic Profiling Reveals ALK and MET as Novel Actionable Targets across Synovial Sarcoma Subtypes.

Despite intensive multimodal treatment of sarcomas, a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors arising from connective tissue, survival remains poor. Candidate-based targeted treatments have demonstrated limited clinical success, urging an unbiased and comprehensive analysis of oncogenic signaling networks to reveal therapeutic targets and personalized treatment strategies. Here we applied mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomic profiling to the largest and most heterogeneous set of sarcoma cell lines characterized to date and identified novel tyrosine phosphorylation patterns, enhanced tyrosine kinases in specific subtypes, and potential driver kinases.

The Management of the Paranasal Sinus Osteomas.

Objective: Osteoma is the most common benign tumor of the paranasal sinuses. The clinical characteristics and treatment of this disease remain controversial. The aim of this study is to determine the appropriate method of treatment approach according to the features of osteomas.

Effects of thiocolchicoside, a commonly used myorelaxant, on the acoustic reflex.

Objective: To determine whether thiocolchicoside, a commonly used myorelaxant, may impair the acoustic reflex.

Methods: Forty-two patients scheduled to receive thiocolchicoside treatment for different reasons were enrolled in the study. Acoustic reflex thresholds at 500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 Hz were determined and analysed statistically pre-treatment and on the 5th day of treatment.

[Treatment approaches to temporal bone osteomas].

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate treatment approaches in relation to the localization, size and symptoms of temporal bone osteoma according to the complaints of the patient.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 23 patients (16 males, 7 females; mean age 28.6 years; range 14-69 years) followed up with the diagnosis of temporal bone osteoma at our clinic between January 2005 and April 2016.

Parental beliefs and practices regarding childhood fever in Turkish primary care.

Background: Fever is a very common problem in pediatric age and is one of the most common reasons parents seek medical attention. We aimed to investigate beliefs, habits, and concerns of Turkish parents regarding their children's fever.

Materials And Methods: We performed a cross-sectional survey which was conducted as face-to-face interviews by family physicians from April to June 2014 in family healthcare centers in nine different cities in Turkey.