Metabolic Syndrome in HIV: Prevalence, correlates, concordance of Diagnostic Criteria and relationship to Carotid Intimal Media Thickness in a Sub-Saharan Population.

Background: The prevalence and usefulness of MetS in determining CVD risk in at-risk populations are influenced by its definition. In a cohort of HIV-positive Nigerians, we evaluated MetS based on various defining criteria, their agreement with one another, and their association to a CVD endpoint, Carotid-Intimal-Media-Thickness (CIMT).

Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, 145 HIV-positive individuals who were enrolled in HIV clinics at the Faith Alive Foundation and Jos University Teaching Hospital in Jos, Nigeria, were randomly chosen.

Trans-border Mobility and Security in the Sahel: Exploring the Dynamics of Forced Migration and Population Displacements in Burkina Faso and Mali.

Burkina Faso and Mali have been grappling with multiple security threats including jihadist challenge, military coup d'état, violent extremism, and poor governance. These complex security problems have escalated into national conflicts, state failure, internal displacements, and forced migration. This paper examined the changing patterns of the drivers and enablers of these security threats and how these forces feed into the protracted challenges of forced migration and population displacements.

Effect of a Brief Supportive and Educational Intervention on the Psychological Well-Being of Mothers with Babies in Neonatal Wards of a Tertiary Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Objective: To assess the effect of a supportive educational intervention on the psychological wellbeing of mothers whose babies were admitted to Neonatal Care Unit (NCU) in Nigeria.

Methods: Controlled trial involving 41 mothers whose babies were consecutively admitted into two NCUs (21 in the intervention group and 19 controls). The intervention group received two group-based sessions which included psychological coping strategies, and familiarity with NCU environment, equipment, personnel and procedures.

Subclinical atherosclerosis and associated risk factors among HIV-infected adults in Jos, North Central Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is evolving into a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where the burden of HIV remains high. Atherosclerosis underlie progression to CVD. We therefore examined the prevalence of subclinical atherosclerosis and its association with traditional and non-traditional risk factors for CVD in Nigerian HIV-infected adults.

Improving the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis using line probe assay and determining the factors associated with the disease in children in Jos, Nigeria.

Introduction: Diagnosing tuberculosis (TB), including pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB), in children remains a challenge, partly due to its paucibacillary nature in young children. Data on the use of line probe assay (LPA), on gastric and sputum samples, for diagnosing PTB in children are scarce. We determined the proportion of samples positive for (MTB) by smear microscopy (SM) and LPA in presumptive PTB cases as well as the factors associated with PTB confirmed by LPA, in children in Jos, Nigeria.

IMPALEMENT HEAD INJURY WITH A SPEAR.

Impalement injuries to the craniofacial region are uncommon due to the fact that the face is a smaller target in relation to the rest of the body. We report a case of a 26-year old man who was attacked on the face with a spear. He was promptly evaluated and resuscitated; the blade of the spear was successfully extracted under general anaesthesia.

Incidental maxillary sinus findings on cranial computerized tomographic scan in a tropical setting.

Background: Abnormalities in the maxillary sinuses are occasional findings on routine CT scans of the head.

Aim: To study the incidental findings in the CT scans of the maxillary sinuses in patients with indications other than sinuses-related diseases.

Setting: Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.

Tension pneumoventricle: A report of two cases.

Pneumocephalus is often a complication of head trauma and cranial surgeries. Massive intraventricular pneumocephalus is an uncommon entity. We report the cases of two patients presenting same day with a clinical diagnosis of open head injury following separate road traffic accidents whose computed tomography (CT) brain images confirm skull base and vault fractures with massive pneumocephalus and tension pneumoventricles.

Sonourethrography in the evaluation of anterior urethral stricture.

Background: The management of urethral stricture is a challenge to both the urologists and the patients. Thoughtful and satisfactory preoperative evaluation remains important to achieving good outcome. Retrograde urethrography and Micturating Cystourethrography (RUG/MCUG) have been the gold standard imaging technique in the evaluation of anterior urethral stricture but are not without inherent limitations and side effects.

The role of micronutrients in psychomotor and cognitive development.

The literature on the effects of micronutrients on cognitive, motor and behavioural development is reviewed focusing mainly on children. Iron, zinc, iodine and vitamins are discussed. The review is selective and concentrates on the more recent work and areas of controversy.

Family and personal characteristics of aggressive Nigerian boys: differences from and similarities with Western findings.

Purpose: To identify the family and child determinants of aggressive behaviour in Nigerian elementary school boys and to compare the findings with previous ones from Western studies.

Methods: Forty-seven aggressive boys from four elementary schools in Lagos, Nigeria were compared with 47 matched pro-social boys. Teacher rating and peer nomination were combined to select subjects.