A Rapid Antibody Enhancement Platform in Using an Improved, Diversifying CRISPR Base Editor.

The yeast is commonly used to interrogate and screen protein variants and to perform directed evolution studies to develop proteins with enhanced features. While several techniques have been described that help enable the use of yeast for directed evolution, there remains a need to increase their speed and ease of use. Here we present yDBE, a yeast diversifying base editor that functions and employs a CRISPR-dCas9-directed cytidine deaminase base editor to diversify DNA in a targeted, rapid, and high-breadth manner.

Advances in promoter engineering: Novel applications and predefined transcriptional control.

Synthetic biology continues to progress by relying on more robust tools for transcriptional control, of which promoters are the most fundamental component. Numerous studies have sought to characterize promoter function, determine principles to guide their engineering, and create promoters with stronger expression or tailored inducible control. In this review, we will summarize promoter architecture and highlight recent advances in the field, focusing on the novel applications of inducible promoter design and engineering towards metabolic engineering and cellular therapeutic development.

Validity of Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing in Routine Care for Identifying Clinically Relevant Molecular Profiles in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Results of a 2-Year Experience on 1343 Samples.

Theranostic assays are based on single-gene testing, but the ability of next-generation sequencing (NGS) to interrogate numerous genetic alterations will progressively replace single-gene assays. Although NGS was evaluated to screen for theranostic mutations, its usefulness in clinical practice on large series of samples remains to be demonstrated. NGS performance was assessed following guidelines.

Microstructuring of Mesoporous Titania Films Loaded with Silver Salts to Enhance the Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Blue under Visible Light.

The microstructuring of the distribution of silver nanoparticles (NPs) in mesoporous titania films loaded with silver salts, using two-beam interference lithography leading to 1 Dimension (1D) grating, induces variations in the photocatalytic efficiency. The influence of the structuration was tested on the degradation of methyl blue (MB) under ultraviolet (UV) and visible illumination, giving rise to a significant improvement of the photocatalytic efficiency. The periodic distribution of the NPs was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Self-calibration for lensless color microscopy.

Lensless color microscopy (also called in-line digital color holography) is a recent quantitative 3D imaging method used in several areas including biomedical imaging and microfluidics. By targeting cost-effective and compact designs, the wavelength of the low-end sources used is known only imprecisely, in particular because of their dependence on temperature and power supply voltage. This imprecision is the source of biases during the reconstruction step.

Co-design of an in-line holographic microscope with enhanced axial resolution: selective filtering digital holography.

Common-path digital in-line holography is considered as a valuable 3D diagnostic technique for a wide range of applications. This configuration is cost effective and relatively immune to variation in the experimental environment. Nevertheless, due to its common-path geometry, the signal-to-noise ratio of the acquired hologram is weak as most of the detector (i.

Ductopenia related liver sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease which may involve many organs. In approximately 95% of patients there is liver involvement, with noncaseating hepatic granulomas occurring in 21 to 99% of patients with sarcoidosis. Liver involvement is usually asymptomatic and limited to mild to moderate abnormalities in liver biochemistry.

Marked iron overload related to ribavirin and iron sulfate treatment in a patient with active viral C cirrhosis.

Increased ferritin levels are common in the course of chronic hepatitis C, regardless of antiviral therapy. Usually, this increase in ferritin levels has minimal clinical and biological impact, and drops after therapy discontinuation. We report here on a dramatic increase in ferritin levels in a cirrhotic patient with hepatitis C treated by ribavirin monotherapy and oral iron sulphate, and discuss the possible mechanisms of this deleterious effect.

Remission with ursodeoxycholic acid of type 1 autoimmune hepatitis resistant to azathioprine and steroids.

Combination therapy with steroids and azathioprine is the reference treatment for autoimmune hepatitis, but potential adverse effects are numerous and intolerance can occur. We report a patient with a well-documented type 1 autoimmune hepatitis intolerant to corticosteroids and azathioprine therapy, in whom eight years of ursodeoxycholic acid monotherapy was associated with biochemical and histological remission.

[Giant cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma of the nose with subsequent brain extension].

Introduction: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is an invasive and destructive tumor, and may cause death by local extension or because of metastasis. We report the case of a patient with a giant squamous cell carcinoma of the nose and extension to the brain and discuss the main risk factors from this extension.

Observation: Resection of a giant squamous cell carcinoma was performed of the nose in a 45 year-old man after debulking radiotherapy.

[Hepatitis C epidemiology at a general hospital center. Management and natural history as a function of the manner of identification].

Objectives: To study the epidemiological characteristics of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus followed in a primary referral hospital and the clinical influence of "systematic screening" defined as the screening of patients without symptoms and with known risk factors of hepatitis C (past transfusion, past or present intravenous drug use, haemodialysis) on the natural history and treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus.

Methods: The files of 311 consecutive patients who screened positive for anti-hepatitis C virus and were seen at the primary referral hospital, Creil, from January 1992 to February 1996, were analyzed.

Results: Patients who underwent "systematic screening" were younger with a shorter duration of infection.

Portal hypertension due to intrahepatic obstruction in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Portal hypertension is rare in the setting of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We report here the case of a 73-year-old man presenting with diffuse high-grade B-cell lymphoma affecting predominantly the liver with large space occupying lesions. Histological examination of liver specimens showed abnormal large lymphoid cells whereas adjacent non-tumoural liver was normal.