Can microalbuminuria be an ındicator of renal ınvolvement in pediatric Covid 19 patients?

Background: Proteinuria (both tubular and glomerular in origin) and its implications are well-known features of adult patients with COVID19. However currently studies addressing proteinuria and its role in the outcome of kidney and patients of pediatric COVID 19 is scarce. We aimed to evaluate the presence of microalbuminuria in order to detect early renal involvement in pediatric COVID 19 patients.

Endocan levels in children with renal hypodysplasia.

Aims: Severe reduction in nephron numbers that are characteristic of renal hypodysplasia (RHD) are one of the cause of childhood chronic kidney disease (CKD). Glomerular hyperfiltration, glomerular hypertrophy, progressive glomerular scarring, and interstitial fibrosis due to reduced nephron number are risk factors for CKD. In recent years, studies on specific markers for early diagnosis of renal failure and mortality have been carried out.

A mysterious case with abdominal pain and syndrome of inappropriate anti-diuretic hormone secretion.

Background: Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a rare, hereditary, metabolic disease caused by a defect in heme biosynthesis. Hormonal changes may trigger porphyria attacks.

Case: Here we present a 17 -year- old adolescent refugee mother who applied to the pediatric emergency department with the complaint of diffuse abdominal pain at puerperium.

Hypokalemia and hearing loss in a 3-year-old boy: Questions.

Bartter syndrome with sensorineural deafness (Bartter syndrome type 4) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized with polyhydramniosis, premature birth, massive polyuria, renal salt-wasting, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, normotensive hyperreninemic hyperaldosteronism, and hearing loss. Homozygous mutations in BSND, CLCNKA, and CLCNKB mutations cause the disorder. Here we report a 3-year-old boy who had not been evaluated and investigated before cochlear implantation.

Tolvaptan Use to Treat SIADH in a Child.

Hyponatremia is one of the most common electrolyte abnormalities encountered in the clinical setting in hospitalized patients. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is the leading cause of hyponatremia in most of these cases. While fluid restriction, hypertonic saline infusion, diuretics, and the treatment of underlying conditions constitute the first line of treatment of SIADH, in refractory cases, and especially for pediatric patients, there seems not to be any other choice for treatment.

Clinico-radiological correlation of nutcracker syndrome: a single centre experience.

The term nutcracker syndrome (NS) refers to the compression of left renal vein between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) causing renal venous hypertension. The symptoms vary from asymptomatic hematuria to severe pelvic congestion. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical characteristics of patients with NS and the correlation between clinical and laboratory findings with Doppler sonographic measurements.

The effect of colchicine and disease severity on physical growth in children with familial Mediterranean fever.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine on growth parameters in familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients. Fifty-one (29 girls, 22 boys) FMF patients were enrolled in the study. All of the patients were in the prepubertal stage and had not received colchicine treatment before the study.

Management of stone disease in infants.

Evaluating and treating renal stone disease in infants are technically challenging. In this study, we evaluated the surgical treatment of renal stones in children under 1 year of age. We retrospectively reviewed the records of patients under 1 year old who were treated with ESWL, endourological or open surgical procedures for renal stone disease between January, 2009 and December, 2012.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis secondary to Varicella zoster infection in a child with Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a fatal, hyper-inflammatory syndrome that is characterized by untimely activation of macrophages, and manifests as cytopenia, organ dysfunction, and coagulopathy. Secondary HLH can be associated with infection, drugs, malignancy, and transplantation, and is mostly triggered by infection. Herein, we report the case of a patient with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) who developed severe HLH secondary to Varicella zoster infection.

Plasma exchange therapy for severe gastrointestinal involvement of Henoch Schönlein purpura in children.

Objectives: The aim of this report is to evaluate the plasma exchange as a choice for the management of life-threating gastrointestinal system (GIS) involvement in Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) when refractory to conventional therapies.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of HSP patients who had plasma exchange therapy due to massive GIS involvement. We reported age, gender, initial HSP presentation, etiological or triggering factors and disease course.

Clinical characteristics of paediatric neuro-Behçet's disease: a single tertiary centre experience.

Objectives: To investigate the demographic and neurological features and treatment modalities of neuro-Behçet's disease (NBD) in children, to share our experiences and to summarise the literature.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of Behçet's disease (BD) patients who attended our paediatric rheumatology department between December 2005 and October 2013. Five patients had the diagnosis of NBD.

Cytomegalovirus-related hemorrhagic cystitis in an immunocompetent child.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections are mostly seen in immunocompromised patients. However, unusual manifestations or complications of acquired CMV infections in immunocompetent patients are rarely reported. CMV-related hemorrhagic cystitis is extremely rare but should be considered even in immunocompetent patients.

Juvenile polyarteritis nodosa associated with toxoplasmosis presenting as Kawasaki disease.

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a vasculitis characterized by inflammatory necrosis of medium-sized arteries. Juvenile PAN and Kawasaki disease (KD) both cause vasculitis of the medium-sized arteries, and share common features. They have overlapping clinical features.

Right nutcracker syndrome associated with left-sided inferior vena cava, hemiazygos continuation and persistant left superior vena cava: a rare combination.

The term nutcracker syndrome refers to compression of left renal vein between aorta and superior mesenteric artery causing renal venous hypertension. Right nutcracker syndrome associated with a left-sided inferior vena cava is an extremely rare anomaly. Reported two cases in English literature were diagnosed by ultrasonography and computed tomography angiography in adulthood.

An analysis of the levels of the soluble form of the endothelial protein C receptor in children with Henoch-Schönlein Purpura.

The pathogenesis of Henoch-Schönlein Purpura (HSP) has not been clearly defined. Inflammatory cytokines have been associated with HSP but there are only a few reports that have focused on coagulation. The endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), which has anticoagulant and antiinflammatory activity, is the key component of the protein C pathway.

Eculizumab therapy in a child with hemolytic uremic syndrome and CFI mutation.

Background: Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is the most common cause of acute renal failure in childhood. It usually occurs after a prodromal episode of diarrhea and it leads to significant morbidity and mortality during the acute phase. However, cases that start as diarrhea-positive HUS whose renal function fail to recover should be screened for genetic disorders of the complement system, which is called atypical HUS (aHUS).