Duration of major depressive episodes and sleep architecture: an exploratory study.

Growing evidence supports sleep-wake disruption as a mechanism involved in mood disorders pathogenesis. Duration of depressive episodes varies widely, and longer depressive episodes have been connected to worse outcomes. We aimed to explore if the length of depressive episodes is related to objective modifications of sleep features.

Molecular characterization of the sea lamprey retina illuminates the evolutionary origin of retinal cell types.

The lamprey, a primitive jawless vertebrate whose ancestors diverged from all other vertebrates over 500 million years ago, offers a unique window into the ancient formation of the retina. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing, we characterize retinal cell types in the lamprey and compare them to those in mouse, chicken, and zebrafish. We find six cell classes and 74 distinct cell types, many shared with other vertebrate species.

The Effectiveness of Polynucleotides in Esthetic Medicine: A Systematic Review.

Background: Polynucleotides (PN), popular in biorevitalization, show promise in the current sphere of esthetic medicine due to their regenerative properties, previously used in wound healing. Currently, research investigates their use in esthetic medicine. The aim of this review was to synthesize the existing literature, focusing on the effectiveness of PN in esthetic medicine, which is concentrated on skin rejuvenation by providing patients with multiple benefits and the least side effects.

Enhancing zT in Organic Thermoelectric Materials through Nanoscale Local Control Crystallization.

Organic thermoelectric materials are promising for wearable heating and cooling devices, as well as near-room-temperature energy generation, due to their nontoxicity, abundance, low cost, and flexibility. However, their primary challenge preventing widespread use is their reduced figure of merit (zT) caused by low electrical conductivity. This study presents a method to enhance the thermoelectric performance of solution-processable organic materials through confined crystallization using the lithographically controlled wetting (LCW) technique.

Tuning Electronic and Functional Properties in Defected MoS Films by Surface Patterning of Sulphur Atomic Vacancies.

Defects are inherent in transition metal dichalcogenides and significantly affect their chemical and physical properties. In this study, surface defect electrochemical nanopatterning is proposed as a promising method to tune in a controlled manner the electronic and functional properties of defective MoS₂ thin films. Using parallel electrochemical nanolithography, MoS₂ thin films are patterned, creating sulphur vacancy-rich active zones alternated with defect-free regions over a centimetre scale area, with sub-micrometre spatial resolution.

Genetic structure of populations of endemic to southern Calabria (southern Italy).

Assessing the degree of genetic diversity and differentiation of rare or endangered endemic species is essential to evaluate the conservation status of populations and successively implement appropriate conservation strategies. We investigated the population structure of Ard., a scapose hemicryptophyte endemic to Calabria (southern Italy), both to answer questions about its genetic structure and to determine whether the actual population size has undergone significant demographic changes in the near past.

Genetic Insights into the Historical Attribution of Variety Names of Sweet Chestnut ( Mill.) in Northern Italy.

The sweet chestnut ( Mill.) is subject to the progressive disappearance of its traditional chestnut groves. In the northern part of Italy, where distribution of the sweet chestnut is fragmented, many local varieties continue to be identified mostly by oral tradition.

From Caves to the Savannah, the Mitogenome History of Modern Lions () and Their Ancestors.

Lions () play a crucial ecological role in shaping and maintaining fragile ecosystems within Africa. Conservation efforts should focus on genetic variability within wild populations when considering reintroduction attempts. We studied two groups of lions from two conservation sites located in Zambia and Zimbabwe to determine their genetic make-up, information that is usually unknown to the sites.

Opportunity of Patterning in Chemistry.

Patterning offers an efficient way to quantitatively enhance and enlarge material properties and functionalities, offering unprecedented opportunities for innovation in various scientific domains. By precisely controlling the spatial arrangement of materials at the micro- and nanoscale, patterning enables the exploitation of inherent material properties in novel ways. In addition, it generates new properties, leading to the development of advanced devices and applications.

Evolutionary and developmental specialization of foveal cell types in the marmoset.

In primates, high-acuity vision is mediated by the fovea, a small specialized central region of the retina. The fovea, unique to the anthropoid lineage among mammals, undergoes notable neuronal morphological changes during postnatal maturation. However, the extent of cellular similarity across anthropoid foveas and the molecular underpinnings of foveal maturation remain unclear.

A novel diselenide attenuates the carrageenan-induced inflammation by reducing neutrophil infiltration and the resulting tissue damage in mice.

Selenium-containing compounds have emerged as promising treatment for redox-based and inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to investigate the and anti-inflammatory activity of a novel diselenide named as dibenzyl[diselanediyIbis(propane-3-1diyl)] dicarbamate (DD). DD reacted with HOCl ( = 9.

Polynucleotides HPT for Asian Skin Regeneration and Rejuvenation.

Introduction: Even lightly compromised skin may impact self-esteem and social behaviour. After intradermal infiltration, natural-origin Polynucleotides High Purification Technology (PN HPT) promote new collagen and extracellular matrix production, translating into a physiological correction of the ageing skin. The study aimed to explore the benefits of intradermal PN HPT on the four perceptual skin quality categories "Skin Tone Evenness", "Skin Surface Evenness", "Skin Firmness", and "Skin Glow" in a representative sample of 30 Asian subjects (mean age 40.

Evolutionary and Developmental Specialization of Foveal Cell Types in the Marmoset.

Unlabelled: In primates, high-acuity vision is mediated by the fovea, a small specialized central region of the retina. The fovea, unique to the anthropoid lineage among mammals, undergoes notable neuronal morphological changes during postnatal maturation. However, the extent of cellular similarity across anthropoid foveas and the molecular underpinnings of foveal maturation remain unclear.

Hard-to-heal peripheral wounds infected with : a prospective study.

Objective: To investigate as a nosocomial pathogen infecting hard-to-heal peripheral wounds, such as skin wounds, soft tissue abscesses and osteomyelitis. As of 2023, the medical community were alerted against the risk of emerging systemic and central infections; on the other hand literature on peripheral cutaneous regions is still scarce.

Method: In this study, two groups of patients with similar lesions which were infected were compared: one group with the presence of the coryneform rod, the other without.

Treating Glabellar Lines With Botulinum Toxin: Does Your Patient Need to Frown Steadily?

Background: The variable relationship between the orbicularis supercilii and frontalis muscles may cause side effects with botulin toxin; steadily frowning is the usual recommendation. Eliminating the need to frown until all injections are over might enhance efficacy and lessen the neurotoxicity risks related to muscle exhaustion.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to investigate whether the digital caliper-assessed distances between the medial and lateral corrugator injection sites and the midline differed significantly in patients persistently frowning from patients resting.

Self-perception of natural outcome, appearance, and emotional well-being after OnabotulinumtoxinA treatment for upper facial lines: Post hoc analysis across age and gender.

Background: OnabotulinumtoxinA (onabotA) is indicated for upper facial lines (UFL). Fear of unnatural-looking outcomes is a frequently reported treatment barrier.

Aims: Examine patient-reported outcomes (PROs) after onabotA treatment for UFL.

Feasibility and Early Outcomes of a Parent Training Intervention to Engage Parents in Children's Media Education.

The importance of parents in mediating adolescents' Internet use is documented by many studies in the literature. Very few, however, regard interventions to support parents in this role. We wanted to assess the feasibility and the early outcomes of an Internet-based parent educational group course aimed to support parents in adolescents' media education.

Prevention of congenital Chagas disease by screening of mothers and monitoring of serological tests of neonates: the seven years' experience.

Approximately 14000 immigrants coming from the Cochabamba area of Bolivia, with an increased risk of congenital Chagas Disease (CD), are currently living in Bergamo, Italy. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation (2011), prevention of congenital CD involves testing all pregnant women at risk of infection and performing follow-up of their newborns. In our study, all pregnant women of Latin American origin were tested for the presence of antibodies and children, born to mothers found to be positive, were followed up after delivery.

Facial rejuvenation with the new hybrid filler HArmonyCa™: Clinical and aesthetic outcomes assessed by 2D and 3D photographs, ultrasound, and elastography.

Objective: Facial aging is a complex process that involves genetic, biological, and environmental factors. This paper aimed to present the first aesthetic and safety outcomes of a hybrid filler that combines hyaluronic acid (HA) (20 mg/mL) and calcium hydroxyapatite (HA/CaHa).

Methods: Prospective and non-randomized interventional study conducted on consecutive healthy patients who attended the clinic for an aesthetic facial rejuvenation procedure.

Delivery of Active Peptides by Self-Healing, Biocompatible and Supramolecular Hydrogels.

Supramolecular and biocompatible hydrogels with a tunable pH ranging from 5.5 to 7.6 lead to a wide variety of formulations useful for many different topical applications compatible with the skin pH.