Transfusion Practices in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Objectives: Balancing oxygen requirements, neurologic outcomes, and systemic complications from transfusions in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients is challenging. This review compares liberal and restrictive transfusion strategies in TBI patients.

Data Sources: Electronic databases were searched from inception to October 2024.

Indobufen versus aspirin in patients with indication for antiplatelet therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Aspirin is commonly recommended for individuals who have experienced stroke or myocardial infarction (MI). Indobufen, a cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor, has been studied as a potential alternative. We conducted a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) to compare indobufen with aspirin in patients requiring antiplatelet therapy.

Neurobiology of L-proline: From molecules to behavior.

L-proline is an amino acid with a unique cyclic structure, involvement in various physiological processes, such as protein synthesis, collagen production, and neurotransmission. This review explores the complex roles of proline in the central nervous system (CNS), where it contributes to both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission. Additionally, L-proline has distinct metabolic functions attributed to its structural properties.

Vertical root fractures and cracked teeth: post-endodontic root dentinal status through micro-CT assessment after ex vivo fiber post removal.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate cracked teeth and vertical root fracture observable on micro-CT images of extracted roots of mandibular incisors, after fiber post removal.

Materials And Methods: Thirty mandibular incisors were selected with any degree of slight incisal wear inspected with the aid of a stereomicroscope under 12x magnification, in order to have a group of young adult specimens according to the criteria of Hugoson et al. A sample of twelve mandibular incisors were selected, aged between 20 and 30 years old, with similar dentine volume and thickness.

Successful implementation of a patient blood management programme in a lower middle-income state.

Background And Objectives: Transfusions are common, but their use is decreasing in some countries as a result of increased risk awareness and the implementation of patient blood management (PBM), an evidence-based approach to optimize patient outcomes. This study aimed to detail the implementation of PBM in a Brazilian state and its impact on transfusion rates and associated costs.

Materials And Methods: The PBM implementation involved several strategies: medical education, haematology consultation services, provision of intravenous iron and other medications, establishment of PBM and perioperative anaemia clinics, cell salvage and acute normovolaemic haemodilution, anaemia reference laboratories and rotational thromboelastometry.

Dosing of Bacterial Phytase (EC 3.1.3.26) in Laying Hens' Diets.

Despite the acknowledged advancements in the utilization of phytase dosing, limited research has been conducted on commercial laying hens. To assess the effectiveness of doses of exogenous phytase, a total of 320 laying hens aged between 44 and 64 weeks were utilized. These hens were divided into five treatments, which were then distributed using a completely randomized design with eight replicates, each containing eight birds.

GlyT1 inhibition promotes neuroprotection in the middle cerebral artery occlusion model through the activation of GluN2A-containing NMDAR.

Glycine Transporter Type 1 (GlyT1) inhibition confers neuroprotection against different forms of cerebral damage. This effect occurs through the elevation of synaptic glycine concentrations, which enhances N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activation by glutamate. To investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of GlyT1 inhibition, we used the Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion (MCAO) model in male C57BL/6 mice, aged 10-12 weeks.

Povidone Iodine vs Chlorhexidine Gluconate for Preoperative Skin Antisepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials.

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) remains a challenge in healthcare, contributing to prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, and adverse patient outcomes, including mortality. Effective preoperative skin disinfection interventions, such as povidone-iodine (PVI) and chlorhexidine (CHG), are widely used but their efficacy remains debated. To address this gap, this meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy of PVI and CHG.

Hydrodynamic Evaluation of a Filtering Hydrocyclone for Solid Particle/Water Separation.

A conventional hydrocyclones is a versatile equipment with a high processing capacity and low maintenance cost. Currently, several studies aim to alter the typical structure of the conventional hydrocyclone in order to modify its performance and purpose. For this, filtering hydrocyclones have emerged, where a porous membrane replaces the conic or cylindrical wall.

The impact of resistance training on memory, gait and oxidative stress during periestropause in rats.

Aging, especially in female, is complex, involving various factors such as reproductive sensitivity, cognitive and functional decline, and an imbalance in the redox system. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of long-term resistance training as a non-pharmacological strategy to mitigate the impairment of recognition memory, hippocampal redox state, and ambulation in aging female Wistar rats during the periestropause period. Thirty Wistar rats aged 17 months, in periestropause, were distributed into non-trained (NT) and resistance training (RT; stair climbing 3 times per week for 4 months) groups.

GAPi: A description of the initiative for early psychosis intervention in Latin America and the short- to medium-term outcomes in early psychosis patients.

Introduction: Schizophrenia is a debilitating disorder that affects a significant proportion of the population and leads to impaired functionality and long-term challenges. The first episode of psychosis (FEP) is a critical intervention stage for improving long-term outcomes. The GAPi program was established in São Paulo, Brazil to provide early intervention services and evaluate biomarkers in individuals with FEP.

Characterisation of an area of coexistent visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis transmission in the State of Piauí, Brazil.

Background: In Brazil, transmission of visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis has expanded geographically over the last decades, with both clinical forms occurring simultaneously in the same area.

Objectives: This study characterised the clinical, spatial, and temporal distribution, and performed entomological surveillance and natural infection analysis of a leishmaniasis-endemic area.

Methods: In order to characterise the risk of leishmaniasis transmission in Altos, Piauí, we described the clinical and socio-demographic variables and the spatial and temporal distribution of cases of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) and American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) cases and identified potential phlebotomine vectors.

Analysis of the cognitive and functional behavior of female rats in the periestropause after hormone therapy with estrogen.

Perimenopause is a critical period, with severe cycle irregularity and lower estrogen secretion altering redox state biomarkers, leading to behavioral changes. The estrogen hormonal therapy (EHT) being commonly used to alleviate climacteric effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze anxiolytic profile, recognition memory (short and long term), ambulation, redox status, cell synaptic activity in locus coeruleus and hippocampus of Wistar rats in the periestropause after EHT.

Search for Boosted Dark Matter in COSINE-100.

We search for energetic electron recoil signals induced by boosted dark matter (BDM) from the galactic center using the COSINE-100 array of NaI(Tl) crystal detectors at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The signal would be an excess of events with energies above 4 MeV over the well-understood background. Because no excess of events are observed in a 97.

Use of adipose derived stem cells accelerates the healing process in third-degree burns.

Introduction: Burns are defined as a traumatic injury, usually of thermal origin, that affects the epithelial and adjacent tissue and is classified according to the depth reached. Tissue repair involved in this type of injury is often a challenge both due to its severity and the multiplicity of complications. Regenerative medicine has focused on the use of low-level laser photobiomodulation therapy (LLLT) and adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC), especially in the early stages of the process, to promote better healing and shorten repair time.

Antioxidant and photoprotective role of latex C-serum from during 15-week UVB irradiation in male hairless SKH-1 mice.

It is known that UVB radiation induces several adverse skin alterations starting from simple photoaging to skin cancer. In addition, it was demonstrated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were found to be related to cancer development and progression. The aim of study was to examine whether male hairless (SKH-1) mice () that were subchronically exposed to UVB radiation presented with actinic keratosis (AK) and squamous cell carcinoma lesions, and that treatment with latex C-serum cream significantly prevented abnormal skin development.

: An Unconventional Alternative Edible Flower Rich in Bioactive Compounds.

The interest in the consumption of edible flowers has increased since they represent a rich source of bioactive compounds, which are significantly beneficial to human health. The objective of this research was to access the bioactive compounds and antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of unconventional alternative edible flowers of Welw. Ex Hiern.

Urban distance to mental healthcare units and public transport increases duration of untreated psychosis in first-episode patients.

Background: There is a growing interest in environmental and social determinants of mental health. However, how distance to healthcare and public transportation affect illness is neglected in schizophrenia research. Here, we are interested in how the availability of mental healthcare and the ways to reach it may be associated with psychosis.

Hospitalizations for ambulatory care-sensitive conditions in children, Rondônia, Brazil, 2008-2019.

This study aimed to define the profile of hospitalizations of children in public hospitals of 52 municipalities of the state of Rondônia, Brazil. We performed an ecological time series study using secondary data provided by the Hospital Information System. The annual trend of Hospitalizations was presented by age group and health region.

Validation of the Occupational Depression Inventory in Brazil: A study of 1612 civil servants.

Objective: The Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI) assesses work-attributed depressive symptoms. The ODI has demonstrated robust psychometric and structural properties. To date, the instrument has been validated in English, French, and Spanish.

Direct healthcare cost of hospital admissions for chronic non-communicable diseases sensitive to primary care in the elderly.

Aging has imposed changes in the epidemiological profile and an increase in the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases (CNCDs). The aim was to estimate the direct cost related to hospital admissions of elderly people affected by CNCDs (hypertension, heart failure and diabetes mellitus) sensitive to primary care, in a medium-sized hospital, in the period 2015-2019. Secondly, we investigated whether clinical and demographic factors explain the costs and length of stay.

Characteristics and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 in children: a hospital-based surveillance study in Latin America's hardest-hit city.

Background: In 2020, Brazil became the epicentre of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in Latin America, resulting in an unparalleled health catastrophe. Nevertheless, comprehensive clinical reports in Brazilian children are not available.

Methods: This retrospective, hospital-based, active surveillance study was performed to identify paediatric patients with COVID-19 who presented at a private academic medical centre in a large urban area between March 2020 and March 2021.