Management of fatigue with physical activity and behavioural change support in vasculitis: a feasibility study.

Objective: Patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) experience high levels of fatigue, despite disease remission. This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a definitive randomized controlled trial of a behavioural-based physical activity intervention to support fatigue self-management in AAV patients.

Methods: AAV patients in disease remission with fatigue (Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory-20 general fatigue domain ≥14) were randomly allocated to intervention or standard care in this single-centre open-label randomized controlled feasibility study.

Treatment of fatigue with physical activity and behavioural change support in vasculitis: study protocol for an open-label randomised controlled feasibility study.

Introduction: Fatigue is a major cause of morbidity, limiting quality of life, in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). The aetiology of fatigue is multifactorial; biological and psychosocial mediators, such as sleep deprivation, pain and anxiety and depression, are important and may be improved by increasing physical activity. Current self-management advice is based on expert opinion and is poorly adhered to.

Anastomotic leak after low anterior resection: a spectrum of clinical entities.

Importance: Anastomotic leak is a potentially devastating complication of bowel surgery, yet a leak can refer to a range of clinical problems, with disparate treatment and outcomes.

Objectives: To qualitatively categorize the spectrum of anastomotic leaks that occur after low anterior resection for rectal cancer and to describe their effect on outcomes.

Design And Setting: Retrospective review of a prospective database at an academic teaching hospital.

The link between otitis media with effusion and allergy: a potential role for intranasal corticosteroids.

We reviewed the evidence linking otitis media with effusion (OME) and atopy, with the goal of clarifying the possible role of intranasal corticosteroids (INSs) in OME treatment. In August 2009, the MEDLINE database was searched for primary studies on OME epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment. Relevant clinical guidelines were obtained.

A rare cause of paediatric epistaxis: lobular capillary haemangioma of the nasal cavity.

The authors describe a case of a 14-year-old male child presenting with massive anterior epistaxis on a background of recurrent episodes of epistaxis. Immediate management constituted anterior nasal packing. Endoscopic nasal examination revealed a 5 mm purple vascular lesion anterior to the right-middle turbinate.

Optical high-performance computing: introduction to the JOSA A and Applied Optics feature.

The feature issues in both Applied Optics and the Journal of the Optical Society of America A focus on topics of immediate relevance to the community working in the area of optical high-performance computing.

Iron deficiency and sleep disordered breathing in children--cause or effect?

Objective: Iron deficiency is associated with paediatric sleep disturbances; in particular, restless leg syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD). Correction of iron deficiency has been shown to improve sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in certain adult populations. We evaluated the iron status of children diagnosed with SDB undergoing adenotonsillectomy.

Monochromatic electromagnetic wavelets and the huygens principle.

For the first time, to our knowledge, optical diffraction is shown to be a wavelet transform with the electromagnetic wavelets. We show that the optical wavelets proposed by Onural [Opt. Lett.

Finding the shortest path in the shortest time using PCNN's.

A pulse coupled neural network (PCNN) can run mazes nondeterministically (taking all possible paths) with constant time per step. Thus, when a signal emerges, it has taken the shortest path in the shortest time.

Emmett Leith: a personal perspective.

"You can observe a lot by watching"American baseball hero and muddled sayings ?author Yogi Berra. Greatness observed is a privilege for the observer. I knew, admired, and appreciated Emmett Leith for many years and observed a lot about him.

Interference fringe analysis based on centroid detection.

Phase measurement of interference fringes is an integral part of several fields in optics. Using simple straight sinusoidal fringe patterns, we describe the relationship between fringe position or phase to the centroid position when these fringes are incident on a position sensitive detector. With detailed descriptions and some experimental results, we show that a phenomenal sensitivity is possible in principle with what we believe is a new approach of phase measurement, and excellent sensitivity is readily achieved.

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Representatives of two nursing organisations offer a summary of nurses' legal position in relation to unsafe staffing levels.

Discrimination among similar looking noisy color patches using Margin Setting.

The goal of discrimination of one color from many other similar-appearing colors even when the colored objects show substantial variation or noise is of obvious import. We show how to accomplish that using a technique called Margin Setting. It is possible not only to have very low error rates but also to have some control over the types of errors that do occur.

A prospective study to determine the incidence of atopy in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between adenotonsillar hypertrophy seen in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea and upper airway allergy to airborne allergens.

Methods: A prospective study of Radioallergosorbent (RAST) tests to common airborne allergens in children (<16 years old) undergoing adenotonsillectomy for obstructive sleep apnea in a London Teaching Hospital.

Results: 20.

Simple online recognition of optical data strings based on conservative optical logic.

Optical packet switching relies on the ability of a system to recognize header information on an optical signal. Unless the headers are very short with large Hamming distances, optical correlation fails and optical logic becomes attractive because it can handle long headers with Hamming distances as low as 1. Unfortunately, the only optical logic gates fast enough to keep up with current communication speeds involve semiconductor optical amplifiers and do not lend themselves to the incorporation of large numbers of elements for header recognition and would consume a lot of power as well.

Achieving stabilization in interferometric logic operations.

Interferometric systems with amplitude beam splitters can implement reversible operations that, on detection, become Boolean operators. Being passive, they consume no energy, do not limit the operating bandwidth, and have negligible latency. Unfortunately, conventional interferometric systems are notoriously sensitive to uncontrolled disturbances.

Adenoid size assessment: a comparison of palpation, nasendoscopy and mirror examination.

Objectives: To compare the digital, mirror and nasendoscopic assessment of adenoid size and posterior choanal obstruction in patients undergoing adenoidectomy.

Design: Prospective, blinded study.

Setting: Otorhinolaryngology department at a London teaching hospital.

Application of supergeneralized matched filters to target classification.

The matched filter (MF) is the optimum linear operator for distinguishing between a fixed signal and noise, given the noise statistics. A generalized matched filter (GMF) is a linear filter that can handle the more difficult problem of a multiple-example signal set, and it reduces to a MF when the signal set has only one member. A supergeneralized matched filter (SGMF) is a set of GMFs and a procedure to combine their results nonlinearly to handle the multisignal problem even better.

Quantum-implementable selective reconstruction of high-resolution images.

This paper, written for interdisciplinary audience, presents computational image reconstruction implementable by quantum optics. The input-triggered selection of a high-resolution image among many stored ones, and its reconstruction if the input is occluded or noisy, has been successfully simulated. The original algorithm, based on the Hopfield associative neural net, was transformed in order to enable its quantum-wave implementation based on holography.