Upgrading your best chances: postdiagnosis smoking cessation boosts life expectancy of patients with cancer - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundTobacco use is linked to increased cancer risk, and people who smoke represent a large proportion of newly diagnosed patients with cancer. The fact that smoking cessation at the time of diagnosis can improve the patient's life expectancy is still not broadly understood. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the survival benefits obtainable by quitting smoking on diagnosis.

Smoking cessation in the management of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): narrative review and recommendations.

Background: The percentage of smokers who develop COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) peaks at 40-50% in most recent publications.

Summary: Tobacco smoke remains the main cause of COPD, though smoking-related limitation of the flow is rather subjective. For patients who keep on smoking, general practitioners (GPs) and pulmonologists should be able to offer smoking cessation programs as an important part of COPD treatment.

Analysis of the direct economic impact of smoking-related hospitalizations in Italy.

Introduction: Tobacco-related diseases have a substantial economic impact in terms of medical expenses, loss of productivity, and premature death. Tobacco use is estimated to be responsible for more than 90000 deaths each year in Italy. We aimed to evaluate the annual direct economic impact on the National Health System of hospitalizations attributable to tobacco smoking in Italy.

Corrigendum: Time-Trends in Air Pollution Impact on Health in Italy, 1990-2019: An Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2023.

Cytisine for smoking cessation: A 40-day treatment with an induction period.

Introduction: Cytisine is a smoking cessation drug now used worldwide. Most of the data available in the literature predict a 25-day treatment, accepted on the basis of previous clinical experience in Eastern Europe. There are few studies on dosing, and only recently some researchers have tried a longer treatment period.

Perceptions of Tobacco Price Policy among Students from Sapienza University of Rome: Can This Policy Mitigate Smoking Addiction and Its Health Impacts?

Tobacco use is one of the main risk factors for non-communicable diseases. Avoiding youth initiation and treating addiction are fundamental public health issues to ensure better health. Among tobacco control policies, increasing tobacco price is the single most effective intervention.

The spread in time and space of COVID-19 pandemic waves: the Italian experience from mortality data analyses.

Introduction: Italy was the first European country affected by COVID-19. Thanks to governmental containment measures (9 March 2020), the spread of COVID-19 was limited. However, in this context, accurate data assessment is crucial and mortality is a more reliable indicator of the virus spread compared to the count of positive cases.

Effects of cannabis smoking on the respiratory system: A state-of-the-art review.

The diminished perception of the health risks associated with the consumption of cannabis (marijuana) lead to a progressive increase in its inhalational use in many countries. Cannabis can be smoked through the use of joints, spliffs and blunts, and it can be vaporised with the use of hookah or e-cigarettes. Delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the main psychoactive component of cannabis smoke but contains numerous other substances.

Translation and validation of the Italian version of the incivility in nursing education-revised scale.

Background: Incivility in nursing education is present worldwide and impacts all those involved and the teacher-student relationship. The revised Incivility in Nursing Education (INE-R) is a validated and reliable instrument to measure academic incivility, but it is not available in Italian language. The aim of the study was to translate and validate the INE-R tool with an Italian sample.

Thirdhand Smoke Knowledge, Beliefs and Behaviors among Parents and Families: A Systematic Review.

Families play a primary role in protecting children. Thirdhand smoke (THS) is an underestimated public health issue, and health effects correlated to its exposition are emerging. The aim of this systematic review was to analyze papers focusing on knowledge, beliefs, and behaviors regarding THS among parents, families, and caregivers, published until May 2022 on MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library.

Time-Trends in Air Pollution Impact on Health in Italy, 1990-2019: An Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

We explored temporal variations in disease burden of ambient particulate matter 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM) and ozone in Italy using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. We compared temporal changes and percent variations (95% Uncertainty Intervals [95% UI]) in rates of disability adjusted life years (DALYs), years of life lost, years lived with disability and mortality from 1990 to 2019, and variations in pollutant-attributable burden with those in the overall burden of each PM- and ozone-related disease.

The Association of Tobacco Smoking, Second-hand Smoke, and Novel Tobacco Products With COVID-19 Severity and Mortality in Italy: Results From the COSMO-IT Study.

Background: Despite the robust evidence of an excess risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and mortality in ever smokers, the debate on the role of current and ex-smokers on COVID-19 progression remains open. Limited or no data are available on the link between electronic cigarette (e-cigarette), heated tobacco product (HTP) and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure and COVID-19 progression. To fill this knowledge gap, we undertook the COvid19 and SMOking in ITaly (COSMO-IT) study.

The clinical impact of continued smoking in patients with breast and other hormone-dependent cancer: A systematic literature review.

We conducted a systematic review of studies that investigated whether quitting smoking at or around diagnosis improves survival of patients with hormone-dependent cancers (HDC). Nine studies published in 2013-2022 were included. Studies were very diverse in terms of design, definition of quitters and continued smokers, and prevalence of prognostic factors other than smoking cessation (e.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection in San Patrignano, the Largest European Drug Rehabilitation Community.

Background: Studies on SARS-CoV-2 conducted in confined settings for prolonged times allow researchers to assess how the coronavirus spreads. San Patrignano (SP), Italy, is the largest European drug rehabilitation facility.

Methods: Between 15 October and 31 December 2020, all SP residents were tested for SARS-CoV-2.

The Prognostic Impact of Quitting Smoking at or around Diagnosis on the Survival of Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Literature Review.

Cigarette smoking is a strong risk factor for the occurrence of gastrointestinal cancers, and a substantial proportion of newly diagnosed patients is made up of active smokers, yet the impact of smoking cessation at or around diagnosis on the clinical course of these cancers (whose prognosis is often unfavourable) has never been summarized to date. We reviewed studies published until 30 April 2022 that investigated whether smoking cessation at or around diagnosis favourably affects the clinical course of gastrointestinal cancers patients. Six studies were included for colorectal cancer patients, which provided limited yet suggestive evidence that quitters may have longer disease-specific survival compared to continued smokers.

Cigarette Smoking and Human Gut Microbiota in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review.

The intestinal microbiota is a crucial regulator of human health and disease because of its interactions with the immune system. Tobacco smoke also influences the human ecosystem with implications for disease development. This systematic review aims to analyze the available evidence, until June 2021, on the relationship between traditional and/or electronic cigarette smoking and intestinal microbiota in healthy human adults.

Safety of Multiple Vaccinations and Durability of Vaccine-Induced Antibodies in an Italian Military Cohort 5 Years after Immunization.

We previously examined the safety and immunogenicity of multiple vaccines administered to a military cohort, divided into two groups, the first composed of students at military schools, thus operating inside the national borders for at least 3 years, and the other formed of soldiers periodically engaged in a 9-month-long mission abroad (Lebanon). In the current study, we analyzed 112 individuals of this cohort, 50 pertaining to the first group and 62 to the second group, in order to examine the possible late appearance of side effects and to calculate the half-life of the induced antibodies. Moreover, the possible involvement of B-cell polyclonal activation as a pathogenetic mechanism for long term antibody persistence has even been explored.

Smoking prevalence among healthcare workers in Italy, PASSI surveillance system data, 2014-2018.

Introduction: Data on smoking among Italian Health Personnel (HP) from PASSI surveillance system from 2014-2018 were analysed.

Materials And Methods: Among 169,678 working-age respondents, smoking prevalence was estimated among 1,253 Medical Doctors (MDs), 4,840 Non-Medical HP (NMHP), 87,749 Non-HP (NHP) and multivariate analysis was conducted.

Results: Current smokers were 23.

Direct imaging evidences of metal inorganic contaminants traced into cigarettes.

Today, environmental health research on toxicological adverse effects of metal-inorganic materials diffused by cigarettes represents a new challenge for assessing new health risks directly related to the critical chemical-size features of the particles. Therefore, morpho-chemical analyses of hazardous particles become critical in response to the distinctive assumptions about the origin, evolution, and coexisting phases. Here, we report a detailed investigation through direct microscopy imaging of metal-inorganic contaminants for one traditional and two heat-not-burn commercial cigarettes of three different brands.

The "Polonium In Vivo" Study: Polonium-210 in Bronchial Lavages of Patients with Suspected Lung Cancer.

Few studies have reported on polonium-210, a decay breakdown product of radon-222 and lead-210, in human lungs and there has been no study in patients with suspected lung cancer. The main aim of this "Polonium in vivo" study was to evaluate polonium-210 radioactivity in bronchopulmonary systems of smoker, ex-smoker and never smoker patients with suspected lung cancer. Alpha-spectrometric analyses were performed on bronchial lavage (BL) fluids from two Italian hospitals in 2013-2016.