Walk Longer! Using Wearable Inertial Sensors to Uncover Which Gait Aspects Should Be Treated to Increase Walking Endurance in People with Multiple Sclerosis.

Reduced walking endurance is common in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), leading to reduced social participation and increased fall risk. This highlights the importance of identifying which gait aspects should be mostly targeted by rehabilitation to maintain/increase walking endurance in this population. A total of 56 PwMS and 24 healthy subjects (HSs) executed the 6 min walk test (6 MWT), a clinical measure of walking endurance, wearing three inertial sensors (IMUs) on their shanks and lower back.

The minimally clinically important difference in the 2-minute walk test for people in the subacute phase after a stroke.

Background: The 2-Minute Walk Test (2MWT) is a simple and reliable test used by clinicians to assess gait function in people with stroke (pwST). No studies established the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of the 2MWT.

Objective: To determine the MCID of the 2MWT in subacute pwST using data from a longitudinal cohort study.

Investigating the effects of a daily multidisciplinary intensive outpatient rehabilitation program on innovative biomarkers in people with Parkinson's disease: Study protocol for a phase III randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: To date, there has been no medication that has prevented the progression of Parkinson's disease (PD). Many benefits of intensive and multidisciplinary rehabilitation program for PD are supported by clinical, epidemiological, and experimental data. The main question is whether high-intensity motor and cognitive exercises have an effect on the disease's biological mechanisms.

Exploring the effectiveness of circuit training rehabilitation on balance, gait, and fatigue in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: People with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) often experience imbalance, gait dysfunction, and fatigue. Circuit Training (CT) can be viable for improving balance, gait, and fatigue in MS. To the author's knowledge, no studies have systematically reviewed the existing literature evaluating the effectiveness of CT in PwMS.

Navigating Uncertainty: Managing Influenza-Associated Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in an Intensive Care Unit.

We present a challenging case of a patient admitted to an intensive care unit with influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (IAPA). The clinical course was characterised by refractory fungal pneumonia and tracheobronchitis, suspected drug-induced liver injury due to triazole antifungals, and secondary bacterial infections with multidrug-resistant microorganisms, resulting in a fatal outcome despite the optimisation of antifungal treatment through therapeutic drug monitoring. This case underscores the complexity that clinicians face in managing critically ill patients with invasive fungal infections.

The Case of Dolutegravir Plus Darunavir Antiretroviral Regimens: Is It Always Useful to Double the Drug Doses? A Short Communication.

Background: Antiretroviral drug combinations affect dolutegravir trough concentrations. Here, the authors focused on dolutegravir plus booster darunavir antiretroviral regimens to investigate the effect of the booster and/or timing of drug administration on dolutegravir and darunavir plasma trough concentrations.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included consecutive people with HIV (PWH) receiving dolutegravir plus booster darunavir antiretroviral regimens for at least 3 months, with at least one assessment of dolutegravir and darunavir plasma trough concentrations.

Prognostic and Predictive Models in Myelofibrosis.

Purpose Of Review: Myelofibrosis (MF) includes prefibrotic primary MF (pre-PMF), overt-PMF and secondary MF (SMF). Median overall survival (OS) of pre-PMF, overt-PMF and SMF patients is around 14 years, seven and nine years, respectively. Main causes of mortality are non-clonal progression and transformation into blast phase.

Mismanagement of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Pre Hospitalisation during the Omicron Era: Antibiotics and Steroids Instead of Early Antivirals.

The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of inappropriate treatment among hospitalised patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection before hospital admission during the Omicron era. This single-centre, retrospective observational study included all the patients hospitalised because of SARS-CoV-2 infection during three periods characterised by the Italian prevalence of an Omicron variant of concern: (1) January-May 2022 (BA.1-BA.

Proteomic screening identifies PF4/Cxcl4 as a critical driver of myelofibrosis.

Despite increased understanding of the genomic landscape of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs), the pathological mechanisms underlying abnormal megakaryocyte (Mk)-stromal crosstalk and fibrotic progression in MPNs remain unclear. We conducted mass spectrometry-based proteomics on mice with Romiplostim-dependent myelofibrosis to reveal alterations in signaling pathways and protein changes in Mks, platelets, and bone marrow (BM) cells. The chemokine Platelet Factor 4 (PF4)/Cxcl4 was up-regulated in all proteomes and increased in plasma and BM fluids of fibrotic mice.

Adverse events during intravenous fosfomycin therapy in a real-life scenario. Risk factors and the potential role of therapeutic drug monitoring.

Background: Intravenous fosfomycin (IVFOF) is gaining interest in severe infections. Its use may be limited by adverse events (AEs). Little experience exists on IVFOF therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in real-life setting.

Fecal microbiota and concentrations of long-chain fatty acids, sterols, and unconjugated bile acids in cats with chronic enteropathy.

Feline chronic enteropathies (FCE) are common causes of chronic gastrointestinal signs in cats and include different diseases such as food-responsive enteropathy (FRE), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and low-grade intestinal T-cell lymphoma (LGITL). Although changes in intestinal microbiota and fecal metabolites have been reported in dogs and humans with chronic enteropathy, research in cats has been limited. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the fecal microbiota and lipid-related fecal metabolites in cats with FCE to a clinically healthy comparison group (CG).

Wearable biofeedback device to assess gait features and improve gait pattern in people with parkinson's disease: a case series.

Introduction: People with Parkinson's Disease (PD) show abnormal gait patterns compromising their independence and quality of life. Among all gait alterations due to PD, reduced step length, increased cadence, and decreased ground-reaction force during the loading response and push-off phases are the most common. Wearable biofeedback technologies offer the possibility to provide correlated single or multi-modal stimuli associated with specific gait events or gait performance, hence promoting subjects' awareness of their gait disturbances.

Pilot, open-label, randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating 4 oral hygiene regimens using a manual toothbrush, toothpaste, and mouthwash.

In this prospective pilot study, 84 patients with a history of poor oral hygiene were enrolled in an open-label, interventional, randomized controlled clinical trial. The aim was to provide preliminary clinical data on a new line of oral hygiene products containing a prebiotic and a paraprobiotic based on Lactobacillus plantarum. The recruitment rate and patient satisfaction were analyzed to estimate resources for the future primary study, and descriptive data on rebalancing of the oral microbiota were collected.

Red cell distribution width and prognosis in myelofibrosis patients treated with ruxolitinib.

We evaluated RDW in a single-center series of 61 consecutive patients with primary and secondary MF at diagnosis and during treatment with ruxolitinib (RUX) and examined any possible prognostic impact. Elevated RDW values were present in all but 4 patients at diagnosis with a median RDW of 18.9%.

Factors influencing physiotherapy decisions between restorative and compensatory gait rehabilitation: an Italian multicenter study.

Background And Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the factors that influence physiotherapists' decision in choosing restorative or compensatory rehabilitation during gait training in people with neurological disorders (PwNDs) and the different treatments used in the approaches.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis used the baseline data from an observational cohort study. We analyzed data from 83 PwNDs (65 people after stroke, 5 with multiple sclerosis, and 13 with Parkinson's disease) who underwent at least 10 sessions of physiotherapy (PT) focusing on gait function.

Therapeutic drug monitoring of antiretroviral therapy: current progresses and future directions.

Introduction: The treatment of HIV infection has been revolutionized in recent years thanks to the advent of dual antiretroviral regimens, administered orally or as long-acting injectable formulations. Here, we provide an update on the usefulness of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of antiretroviral drugs to optimize the management of people with HIV (PWH) in the current scenario.

Areas Covered: A MEDLINE PubMed search for articles published between January 2014 and January 2024 was completed matching the terms HIV, antiretrovirals and TDM.

Management of the Drug-Drug Interactions Between Valproic Acid and Dolutegravir-A Case Study.

Objective: Preliminary evidence shows that concomitant administration of valproic acid can reduce the exposure to dolutegravir with limited clinical impacts. Here, we describe a male living with HIV who experienced a drastic reduction in dolutegravir trough concentrations a few weeks after starting valproic acid treatment as identified by therapeutic drug monitoring. Concomitantly, pharmacists recommended a supplementation of magnesium to improve insomnia.

Effect of Carbamazepine on Darunavir Trough Concentrations: When the Dose Can Make the Difference-A Case Study.

Background: Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an antiseizure medication known to induce the expression of cytochrome P4503A metabolic enzymes. Here, we describe a man living with HIV who underwent several changes in the daily dose of CBZ, which resulted in different induction effects on darunavir trough concentrations.

Methods: A 59-year-old man with HIV, successfully undergoing maintenance antiretroviral treatment with darunavir/cobicistat once daily (combined with raltegravir), was prescribed CBZ for recurrent trigeminal neuralgia.