UK pregnancy in orthopaedics (UK-POP): a cross-sectional study of UK female trauma and orthopaedic surgeons and their experiences of pregnancy.

Aims: The number of females within the speciality of trauma and orthopaedics (T&O) is increasing. The aim of this study was to identify: 1) current attitudes and behaviours of UK female T&O surgeons towards pregnancy; 2) any barriers faced towards pregnancy with a career in T&O surgery; and 3) areas for improvement.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study using an anonymous 13-section web-based survey distributed to female-identifying T&O trainees, speciality and associate specialist surgeons (SASs) and locally employed doctors (LEDs), fellows, and consultants in the UK.

Pregnancy, parenthood, and fertility in the orthopaedic surgeon.

Aims: As an increasing number of female surgeons are choosing orthopaedics, it is important to recognize the impact of pregnancy within this cohort. The aim of this review was to examine common themes and data surrounding pregnancy, parenthood, and fertility within orthopaedics.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted by searching Medline, Emcare, Embase, PsycINFO, OrthoSearch, and the Cochrane Library in November 2022.

Osteochondritis dissecans.

Osteochondritis dissecans is a condition characterised by acquired pathological subchondral bone lesions and its incidence is unknown. It has a multifactorial aetiology, with a combination of genetic and acquired risk factors. It commonly presents in adolescents and young adults.

Pediatric electric scooter injuries in the UK: Case series and review of literature.

Objective: Electric scooters are being used worldwide as a new means of transport and e-scooter shared schemes are currently being piloted in cities across the UK. At present, there is no data published looking at pediatric e-scooter injuries within the UK. We aim to assess if e-scooters pose a risk to children and the patterns and severity of orthopedic injuries related to their use.

Foot and ankle injuries related to the use of E-scooters - A case series and a review of literature.

Introduction: As E-scooter use is increasing with the introduction of urban rental schemes in the United Kingdom, associated foot and ankle injuries will become more prevalent. The aim of this study is to assess the injury pattern and injury severity of foot and ankle trauma associated with E-scooter use.

Methods: A retrospective case analysis of all E-scooter foot and ankle injuries presenting to three London hospitals between 1st January and 31st December 2020 was conducted.

Medial collateral ligament injury of the knee: correlations between MRI features and clinical gradings.

Objective: To evaluate the degree of correlation between MRI and clinical gradings of medial collateral ligament (MCL) injuries and assess for associated structures on MRI which may influence the clinical perception of MCL laxity.

Materials And Methods: All knee MRIs with acute MCL injuries between 2016 and 2020 at our centre were retrospectively reviewed by two blinded musculoskeletal radiologists. The clinic notes were reviewed for clinical gradings.

The association of bone bruising and grade of MCL injury in patients sustaining isolated MCL injuries.

Objectives: To investigate the incidence of bone bruising with isolated medial collateral ligament injury and to assess whether the presence of bone bruising is related to the injury grade.

Materials And Methods: Patients who sustained an acute isolated medial collateral ligament injury demonstrated on knee MRI between 2016 and 2020 were included in this study. Patient's characteristics and injury classification (clinical and radiological) were reviewed from clinical notes and imaging.

Should I use steroid injections to treat shoulder pain during the COVID-19 pandemic?

Corticosteroid (CS) injections are commonly used both in primary and secondary care in the management of chronic shoulder pain. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, the causative virus for COVID-19) outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency. There was initial concern with the use of CS injections during the COVID-19 pandemic because of the increased potential for adrenal insufficiency and altered immune response.

Hip fractures.

In the UK the incidence of hip fractures is nearly 76 000 cases per year, with the vast majority of these fractures occurring in patients over the age of 70 years. Most patients who sustain a hip fracture will have significant comorbidities and up to 40% will have cognitive impairment. For patients, sustaining a hip fracture can potentially be a devastating event.

The impact of COVID-19 on the future of orthopaedic training in the UK.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on global healthcare systems, has drastically affected patient care, and has had widespread effects upon medical education. As plans are being devised to reinstate elective surgical services, it is important to consider the impact that the pandemic has had and will continue to have on surgical training. We describe the effect COVID-19 has had at all levels of training in the UK within trauma and orthopaedics and evaluate how training might change in the future.

Clavicle fractures.

Clavicle fractures account for approximately 2-5% of all fractures in adults and 10-15% in children. There is a bimodal distribution, with two peaks occurring in patients <25 years of age as a result of direct trauma and in those >55 years of age secondary to a fall onto an outstretched arm. Approximately two-thirds of all clavicle fractures occur in men.

Management of spiral diaphyseal fractures of the fifth metatarsal: A case series and a review of literature.

Introduction: Spiral diaphyseal fractures of the fifth metatarsal can present with significant displacement. It is considered that non-operative management is sufficient in most cases but there is no clear consensus as to what this may be. This study reports the functional outcome of this injury in a small patient cohort and is the first study to report on outcomes of different non-operative measures.

Use of three-dimensional printing in preoperative planning in orthopaedic trauma surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: With the increasing complexity of surgical interventions performed in orthopaedic trauma surgery and the improving technologies used in three-dimensional (3D) printing, there has been an increased interest in the concept. It has been shown that 3D models allow surgeons to better visualise anatomy, aid in planning and performing complex surgery. It is however not clear how best to utilise the technique and whether this results in better outcomes.

Wire guided localisation for targeted axillary node dissection is accurate in axillary staging in node positive breast cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Aim: This study investigated whether wire localisation of the histologically proven positive, clipped axillary lymph node (ALN) with subsequent targeted axillary dissection (TAD) following neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) improves axillary staging in breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients with primary breast cancer and core biopsy proven metastatic ALNs, that had an excellent nodal radiological response following NACT, treated at our centre between January 2016 and December 2018. The initial cohort of patients (Group 1) underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), with a minimum of three nodes were sampled.

Genetics of breast cancer: management strategies and risk-reducing surgery.

The last two decades have witnessed major advances in genetic sequencing which have led to more accurate identification of women at risk of developing breast cancer and calculating the associated cancer risk. This review discusses the current genetic mutations conferring risk of developing breast cancer and the management pathway for these women with identifiable mutations as well as those with a strong family history for breast cancer. Management of these individuals is complex and should involve a multidisciplinary team with interest and expertise in breast cancer genetics.

A seven-year retrospective review of colonoscopy records from a single centre in Zambia.

Introduction: Colorectal disease is common throughout the world, but the spectrum of diagnoses across Africa remains largely unexplored. There is anecdotal evidence of changing colorectal disease but this has not been systematically investigated. The aim of this study was to enhance our insight into the spectrum of colonoscopic diagnoses in Zambia.

Use of dietary assessment tools in randomized trials evaluating diet-based interventions in pregnancy: a systematic review of literature.

Purpose Of Review: Accurate assessment of dietary intake in interventional trials is the key to evaluate changes in dietary behaviour and compliance. We evaluated the use of dietary assessment tools in randomized trials on diet-based interventions in pregnancy by a systematic review.

Recent Findings: We updated our previous search (until January 2012) on trials of diet and lifestyle interventions in pregnancy using Medline and EMBASE up to December 2015.