Comparison of arterial hypotension incidence during general anesthesia induction - target-controlled infusion vs. bolus injection of propofol: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: The incidence of arterial hypotension during induction of general anesthesia is influenced by the method of propofol administration, but there is a dearth of randomized clinical trials comparing bolus injection and target-controlled infusion in relation to arterial hypotension. This study seeks to compare the incidence of arterial hypotension between these two methods of propofol administration.

Methods: This prospective, randomized, single-center, non-blinded study included 60 patients (aged 35 to 55 years), classified as ASA physical status I or II, who were undergoing non-cardiac surgeries.

Analysis of the efficacy of prophylactic tranexamic acid in preventing postpartum bleeding: systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Background: Postpartum Hemorrhage (PPH) is one of the main causes of maternal mortality, mainly in the poorest regions of the world, drawing attention to the need for strategies for preventing it. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic administration of Tranexamic Acid (TXA) in decreasing blood loss in pregnant women in delivery, preventing PPH.

Methods: Systematic review of randomized clinical trials.

Dexmedetomidine reduces postoperative cognitive and behavioral dysfunction in adults submitted to general anesthesia for non-cardiac surgery: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Introduction And Objectives: Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been associated with a decrease in postoperative cognitive and behavioral dysfunction in patients submitted to general anesthesia, whether inhalation or total intravenous anesthesia. Consequently, the DEX effects on postoperative agitation and delirium in patients submitted to general anesthesia for non-cardiac surgery have been investigated.

Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and double-blind clinical trials (RCTs) was undertaken assessing adults submitted to elective procedures under general anesthesia receiving DEX or placebo.

Efficacy of ropivacaine versus bupivacaine in preventing peribulbar block failure: A meta-analysis.

Purpose: Peribulbar block is considered a standard of care in ophthalmological practice due to its easy execution and minor complications. There is a paucity of studies confirming efficacy between ropivacaine and bupivacaine for this specific technique. We evaluated the efficacy of ropivacaine or bupivacaine in preventing total or partial peribulbar block failure in ophthalmic surgeries.

[Risk factors for postoperative hypothermia in the post-anesthetic care unit: a prospective prognostic pilot study].

Background: Hypothermia occurs in up to 20% of perioperative patients. Systematic postoperative temperature monitoring is not a standard of care in Brazil and there are few publications about temperature recovery in the postoperative care unit.

Design And Setting: Multicenter, observational, cross-sectional study, at Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal and Hospital Materno Infantil de Brasília.

ED50 of remifentanil for providing excellent intubating conditions when co-administered with a single standard dose of propofol without the use of muscle relaxants in children: dose-finding clinical trial.

Purpose: Previous studies evidenced that orotracheal intubation without neuromuscular blockers is feasible in children and has some potential advantages. Remifentanil has favorable pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties as an opioid for orotracheal intubation, but its dose for excellent intubation conditions when co-administered with propofol has not been established. This study was designed to find the minimum effective dose of remifentanil for excellent intubation conditions of children when co-administered with propofol, without neuromuscular relaxant drugs.

[Association between burnout syndrome and anxiety in residents and anesthesiologists of the Federal District].

Background And Objective: There is a shortage of studies addressing the association between burnout syndrome and anxiety among anesthesiologists. Identifying the relationship between these two conditions is of fundamental importance for the prevention, follow-up, and treatment of the professionals. Thus, we evaluated the association between burnout syndrome and anxiety in anesthesiologists and residents of anesthesiology in the Federal District.

Effect of dexmedetomidine in children undergoing general anesthesia with sevoflurane: a meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: Sevoflurane is often used in pediatric anesthesia and is associated with high incidence of psychomotor agitation. In such cases, dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been used, but its benefit and implications remain uncertain. We assessed the effects of DEX on agitation in children undergoing general anesthesia with sevoflurane.

[Effect of dexmedetomidine in children undergoing general anesthesia with sevoflurane: a meta-analysis].

Background And Objectives: Sevoflurane is often used in pediatric anesthesia and is associated with high incidence of psychomotor agitation. In such cases, dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been used, but its benefit and implications remain uncertain. We assessed the effects of DEX on agitation in children undergoing general anesthesia with sevoflurane.

[Prevalence of burnout syndrome among anesthesiologists in the Federal District].

Background: burnout syndrome is a result of chronic stress, characterized by emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and sense of low professional accomplishment. It affects workers under extreme responsibility or those who care for individuals at risk, including anesthesiologists who distanced themselves from the work, patients and colleagues because they feel safer in maintaining indifference.

Objective: evaluate the prevalence of burnout syndrome and the intensity of its components and identify the characteristics of those with the syndrome among anesthesiologists in the Federal District.

Ropivacaine in peribulbar anesthesia - vasoconstrictive properties.

Background And Objectives: Peribulbar anesthesia can reduce ocular blood flow (OBF) by increasing intraocular pressure (IOP) or due to the action of drugs. Ropivacaine has low toxicity and intrinsic vasoconstrictive properties, yet to be proven on the ocular vasculature. Measurements of ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) allow the indirect evaluation of the OBF.

Evaluation of the influence of the codon 16 polymorphism of the Beta-2 adrenergic receptor gene on the incidence of arterial hypotension and ephedrine use in pregnant patients submitted to subarachnoid anesthesia.

Background And Objectives: The beta-2 adrenergic receptor gene has several polymorphisms. Recent studies have demonstrated the clinical importance of the latter. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the Arg16Gli polymorphism on the incidence of arterial hypotension and ephedrine use in pregnant patients submitted to subarachnoid block for Cesarean section.

Ephedrine versus phenylephrine: prevention of hypotension during spinal block for cesarean section and effects on the fetus.

Background And Objectives: Hypotension during spinal block for cesarean section is secondary to the sympathetic blockade and aorto-caval compression by the uterus and it can be deleterious to both the fetus and the mother. Ephedrine and phenylephrine improve venous return after sympathetic blockade during the spinal block. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of ephedrine and phenylephrine in the prevention and treatment of maternal hypotension during spinal block and to evaluate their side effects and fetal changes.

[Hematoma after epidural anesthesia: conservative treatment. Case report.].

Background And Objectives: Hematoma associated with spinal compression after epidural anesthesia is a severe neurological complication, despite the reduced incidence reported (1:150,000). It is an acute episode and the traditional treatment includes urgent surgical decompression. More recently, treatment with corticosteroids has been used as an alternative, in specific cases, with good neurological resolution.

[Intravenous dexmedetomidine for sedation does not interfere with sensory and motor block duration during spinal anesthesia.].

Background And Objectives: The association among local and regional anesthesia is a very useful and common practice. However, some patients may become anxious and require sedation. Benzodiazepines, opioids and propofol are widely used for this aim.

[Racemic bupivacaine, levobupi vacaine and ropivacaine in regional anesthesia for ophthalmology -- a comparative study].

Background And Objective: Racemic bupivacaine, used in peribulbar anesthesia owing to its high potential to promote motor blockade, presents a smaller safety margin for cardiotoxicity in relation to ropivacaine and levobupivacaine. The objective of this study was to compare the degree of motor blockade and alteration of intraocular pressure (IOP) produced by racemic bupivacaine, levobupivacaine and ropivacaine in peribulbar block.

Method: Ninety seven patients, ASA physical status I and II, submitted to peribulbar anesthesia, were randomly allocated into three groups: group A-(n=16) receiving racemic bupivacaine 0.

[Relationship between dexmedetomidine continuous infusion and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration, monitored by bispectral analysis.].

Background And Objectives: General inhalational anesthesia associated with intravenous agents provides analgesia and hypnosis of better quality. Dexmedetomidine is a specific a2-adrenergic agonist with these characteristics and is known by providing hemodynamic stability. This study aimed at evaluating the effects of dexmedetomidine continuous infusion on end-tidal sevoflurane concentration (ETsevo) in general anesthesia, monitored by EEG spectral index (BIS).