The performance of single and combination test strategies using visual inspection, cytology, high-risk HPV DNA and HPV16/18 to screen South African women with and without HIV-infection.

Background: Cervical cancer screening strategies should ideally be informed by population-specific data. Strategies recommended for secondary prevention, are often inadequately studied in populations with high cervical disease burdens. This report describes the test performance measured against CIN2 + /CIN3 + histology in HIV-positive women (HPW) and HIV-negative women (HNW) with the aim to determine the most effective strategies to identify South African women at risk.

Sociodemographics, behaviour and knowledge of first South African HPV-vaccine recipients.

Background: Infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV) is a necessary cause of cervical cancer and is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections worldwide. Primary prevention strategies target reducing HPV acquisition through vaccination, limiting exposure (e.g.

Enhancing Cervical Cancer Prevention in South African Women: Primary HPV mRNA Screening with Different Genotype Combinations.

Background: Cervical cancer prevention in regions with limited access to screening and HPV vaccination necessitates innovative approaches. This study explored the potential of a test-and-treat strategy using mRNA HPV tests to impact cervical cancer prevention in a high-prevalence HIV population.

Methods: A cervical screening study was conducted at three South African hospitals involving 710 under-screened, non-pregnant women (25 to 65 years) without known cervical diseases.

Utility of Extended HPV Genotyping as Primary Cervical Screen in an Unscreened Population With High HIV Co-Infection Rate.

Objective: Screening with primary human papillomavirus (HPV) testing has been evaluated in highly prescreened populations with lower HPV and HIV prevalence than what is the case in South Africa. High prevalence of HPV and underlying precancer in women living with HIV (WLWH) affect the clinical performance of screening tests significantly. This study investigates the utility and performance of an extended genotyping HPV test in detection of precancer in a population with a high coinfection rate with HIV.

Evaluation of the medically necessary, time sensitive triage score during and beyond the local COVID-19 pandemic in the Gynaecologic Oncology Unit of a tertiary hospital in South Africa.

Objective: The main objective of this study was to evaluate the Medically Necessary Time Sensitive (MeNTS) scoring system in triaging gynaecologic oncologic surgery during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.

Material And Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study including 209 patients who either had surgery (151) or surgery postponed (58) between the 26th March and 30th September 2020 in an academic hospital in South Africa. The MeNTS score was used to independently score each patient three times by two observers.

Cytology compared with Hybrid Capture 2 human papilloma virus cervical cancer screening in HIV positive and HIV negative South African women.

Objectives: Cervical cancer is preventable and caused by persistent infection with oncogenic human papilloma virus (HPV) types. HPV screening is more sensitive and is the preferred screening test. HPV screening data are mainly from developed settings, and the purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of HPV screening in previously unscreened HIV positive and negative women.

Validation of ASCL1 and LHX8 Methylation Analysis as Primary Cervical Cancer Screening Strategy in South African Women with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Background: Compared with women who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative, women with human immunodeficiency virus (WWH) have a higher human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and increased cervical cancer risk, emphasizing the need for effective cervical cancer screening in this population. The present study aimed to validate methylation markers ASCL1 and LHX8 for primary screening in a South African cohort of WWH.

Methods: In this post hoc analysis within the DIAgnosis in Vaccine And Cervical Cancer Screen (DiaVACCS) study, a South African observational multicenter cohort study, cervical scrape samples from 411 HIV-positive women were analyzed for hypermethylation of ASCL1 and LHX8 genes, HPV DNA, and cytology.

Posttreatment monitoring by ASCL1/LHX8 methylation analysis in women with HIV treated for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3.

Objective: Women with HIV (WWH) have an increased risk to develop recurrent cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2/3 (rCIN2/3) after treatment compared with HIV-negative women. Therefore, appropriate posttreatment monitoring of WWH is important. This study evaluates the performance of ASCL1 and LHX8 methylation analysis as posttreatment monitoring test in WWH treated for CIN2/3, as alternative to cytology or human papillomavirus (HPV) as follow-up test.

Combining cervical cancer screening for mothers with schoolgirl vaccination during human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine implementation in South Africa: results from the VACCS1 and VACCS2 trials.

Objective: The platform provided by human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for linked public health interventions to improve cervical cancer prevention remains incompletely explored. The Vaccine And Cervical Cancer Screen (VACCS) cross-sectional observation trials aimed to evaluate the efficacy of school-based HPV vaccination linked with maternal cervical cancer screening.

Methods: Girls from 29 schools in two provinces in South Africa were invited in writing to receive HPV vaccination.

School-based human papillomavirus vaccination: An opportunity to increase knowledge about cervical cancer and improve uptake of screening.

Background: Poor knowledge about cervical cancer plays a role in limiting screening uptake. HPV vaccination provides an untested platform to distribute information that could possibly improve knowledge and screening coverage.

Objective: To measure changes in knowledge and screening uptake when information and screening opportunities were provided to mothers of adolescent HPV vaccine recipients.