Optic disc parameters and associations with early life exposures in over 3000 12-year-old children: findings from the ALSPAC cohort.

Objectives: We aimed to investigate the distribution of small optic discs and large cup-to-disc ratio in children and to examine associations with maternal and environmental factors.

Methods: Retinal photographs were graded from over 3000 12-year-olds in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Regression models examined associations between disc parameters and maternal and early-life exposures.