Infectious pathogens can disrupt the microbiome in addition to directly affecting the host. Impacts of disease may be dependent on the ability of the microbiome to recover from such disturbance, yet remarkably little is known about microbiome recovery after disease, particularly in nonhuman animals. We assessed the resilience of the amphibian skin microbial community after disturbance by the pathogen, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCanine collagen type III glomerulopathy (Col3GP) is a rare juvenile nephropathy in which irregular type III collagen fibrils and fibronectin accumulate in glomerular capillary walls and the mesangium. Necropsy findings were reviewed from 5 puppies diagnosed with Col3GP at 6 to 18 weeks of age. Histologically, with hematoxylin and eosin stain, the glomerular capillary walls and mesangium were diffusely and globally expanded by homogeneous pale eosinophilic material.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Increased gene transcription of hypoxia-induced mediators of fibrosis in renal tissue has been identified in experimentally induced, ischemic chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Objective: To characterize hypoxia-induced profibrotic pathways in naturally occurring CKD in cats.
Animals: Twelve client-owned cats with CKD and 8 healthy control cats.
Objective: To characterize transcription of profibrotic mediators in renal tissues of cats with ischemia-induced chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Sample: Banked renal tissues from 6 cats with experimentally induced CKD (RI group) and 8 healthy control cats.
Procedures: For cats of the RI group, both kidneys were harvested 6 months after ischemia was induced for 90 minutes in 1 kidney.
In contrast to pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), which is a proliferative disorder of Langerhans cells that affects the lungs and other organs of cats, LCH involving a single organ system has not been documented in cats, to our knowledge. Herein we describe a case of pancreatic LCH in a 9-y-old castrated male Domestic Shorthaired cat that was evaluated for possible renal transplantation. The cat was hypoglycemic, hyperinsulinemic, and azotemic.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrevious work demonstrated renal fibrosis 70 days after a single unilateral in vivo renal ischemic event, but changes associated with a single episode of renal ischemia past this time are unknown. In this study, we evaluated renal function and structural changes 6 months after a 90-minute in vivo unilateral renal ischemic event. Six adult female cats underwent unilateral renal ischemia and renal function was followed for 6 months, at which time the kidneys were evaluated by histology and histomorphometry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReports of raw meat pet food containing zoonotic foodborne bacteria, including Salmonella, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes, are increasing. Contaminated raw pet food and biological waste from pets consuming those diets may pose a public health risk. The U.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntimate partner violence (IPV) predicts poor health for victims and their children, but little is known about the perspective of victims. This study reports the perspectives of adult female IPV victims about the impact of IPV on their health and barriers of health care access for themselves and their children. The majority rated their health as good to excellent (69%).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFocal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) recently has been recognized as a common cause of proteinuria in dogs in general, and in Miniature Schnauzer dogs in particular. This study describes the morphologic features present in the kidneys of 8 related proteinuric Miniature Schnauzer dogs. The FSGS, characterized by solidification of portions of the capillary tuft, affected 32% to 49% of examined glomeruli in these dogs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlomerular lipidosis (GL) is characterized by dilated glomerular capillary loops containing lipid-laden cells (foam cells). Previously, GL was considered to be an incidental finding because affected dogs were typically not azotemic. However, the International Renal Interest Society staging system for canine chronic kidney disease has increased the awareness of other clinical parameters (eg, proteinuria and hypertension) that should be included in the assessment of renal function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dog was presented because of a 10-d history of progressive vomiting, inappetence, and lethargy, with mild neurologic signs. Fine-needle aspirates of splenic nodules seen on ultrasound were suggestive of a carcinoma. On autopsy, a disseminated neoplasm was present in the lung, spleen, and adrenal glands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn an attempt to identify a feline model of acute or chronic kidney disease, this study was designed to evaluate the effects of 15 or 30 min of bilateral renal ischemia (RI) and 60 min of unilateral RI with delayed contralateral nephrectomy as models of acute kidney injury and chronic interstitial fibrosis in cats. Adult, purpose-bred, USDA Class A cats (n = 14) were randomly assigned to receive bilateral RI for 15 min (n = 3) or 30 min (n = 3), unilateral RI for 60 min with a delayed (2 wk) contralateral nephrectomy (n = 5), or sham unilateral RI with a delayed contralateral nephrectomy (n = 3). Serum creatinine concentration, urine specific gravity, and plasma clearance of iohexol were assessed at several time points throughout the study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To evaluate the effects of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in a model of ischemic acute kidney injury (AKI).
Study Design: Randomized controlled trial.
Animals: Adult, purpose-bred research cats (n=15) and a historical reference group (n=3).
Case Summary: A 5-year-old cat was examined for vomiting and anorexia of 2 days' duration. Azotemia, hyperphosphatemia and hypoalbuminemia were the main biochemical findings. Serial analyses of the urine revealed isosthenuria, proteinuria and eventual glucosuria.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Vet Diagn Invest
November 2014
The current report describes the diagnostic features in 10 cases of acute fatal canine leptospirosis with minimal renal and hepatic changes that may present a diagnostic challenge for the pathologist. Most affected dogs were less than 6 months of age and had a biochemical profile consistent with hepatorenal dysfunction. Clinical signs consisted of vomiting, depression, icterus, dehydration, diarrhea, and anorexia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To determine whether administration of meloxicam or acetylsalicylic acid alters glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in cats with renal azotemia.
Animals: 6 young adult cats.
Procedures: 3 sexually intact male cats and 3 sexually intact female cats had surgically reduced renal mass and azotemia comparable to International Renal Interest Society chronic kidney disease stages 2 and 3.
Hepatic T-cell lymphosarcoma with involvement of regional lymph nodes and concurrent schistosomiasis were diagnosed in an 11-year-old male neutered mixed-breed dog with a history of chronic weight loss, inappetence, vomiting, and diarrhea. Trematode ova present in the hepatic parenchyma and mesenteric node were surrounded by sheets of neoplastic lymphocytes while those in the intestinal wall were surrounded by large numbers of non-neoplastic lymphocytes. Immunohistochemistry revealed that both the neoplastic and hyperplastic populations were T lymphocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The growing prevalence and impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus is of international concern.
Objective: This article describes an innovative model of complex diabetes care, delivered by advanced skill general practitioners supported by an endocrinologist and diabetes educator within a general practice setting.
Discussion: Initial evaluation suggests a trend to better glycaemic control compared with the alternative available hospital outpatient care at a reduced delivery cost.
A 12-year-old male domestic shorthair cat with a history of depression, aggression, and fever was presented for necropsy, and formalin-fixed tissues from a second male domestic shorthair cat of unknown age were submitted for histopathologic examination to the Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory. Both cats had granulomatous pneumonia associated with large numbers of parasite eggs and larvae, consistent with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus. Both cats also had larvae within glands in the colon that were identified morphologically as A.
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