Management of Challenging Radioiodine Treatment Protocols: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy with I is the standard of care for treatment in many patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Because I is typically administered as a pill, and much of its radioactivity is excreted via the urine, there can be challenges in patients who cannot swallow pills, absorb iodine via the gastrointestinal tract, or eliminate RAI via the urine (i.e.