25 year trends in cancer incidence and mortality among adults aged 35-69 years in the UK, 1993-2018: retrospective secondary analysis.

Objective: To examine and interpret trends in UK cancer incidence and mortality for all cancers combined and for the most common cancer sites in adults aged 35-69 years.

Design: Retrospective secondary data analysis.

Data Sources: Cancer registration data, cancer mortality and national population data from the Office for National Statistics, Public Health Wales, Public Health Scotland, Northern Ireland Cancer Registry, NHS England, and the General Register Office for Northern Ireland.

Use of chemotherapy in patients with oesophageal, stomach, colon, rectal, liver, pancreatic, lung, and ovarian cancer: an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) population-based study.

Background: There are few data on international variation in chemotherapy use, despite it being a key treatment type for some patients with cancer. Here, we aimed to examine the presence and size of such variation.

Methods: This population-based study used data from Norway, the four UK nations (England, Northern Ireland, Scotland, and Wales), eight Canadian provinces (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Newfoundland and Labrador, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, and Saskatchewan), and two Australian states (New South Wales and Victoria).

Conceptualising the episodic nature of disability among adults living with Long COVID: a qualitative study.

Introduction: Our aim was to describe episodic nature of disability among adults living with Long COVID.

Methods: We conducted a community-engaged qualitative descriptive study involving online semistructured interviews and participant visual illustrations. We recruited participants via collaborator community organisations in Canada, Ireland, UK and USA.

Risk factors and prognostic implications of diagnosis of cancer within 30 days after an emergency hospital admission (emergency presentation): an International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) population-based study.

Background: Greater understanding of international cancer survival differences is needed. We aimed to identify predictors and consequences of cancer diagnosis through emergency presentation in different international jurisdictions in six high-income countries.

Methods: Using a federated analysis model, in this cross-sectional population-based study, we analysed cancer registration and linked hospital admissions data from 14 jurisdictions in six countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, New Zealand, Norway, and the UK), including patients with primary diagnosis of invasive oesophageal, stomach, colon, rectal, liver, pancreatic, lung, or ovarian cancer during study periods from Jan 1, 2012, to Dec 31, 2017.

Long COVID and episodic disability: advancing the conceptualisation, measurement and knowledge of episodic disability among people living with Long COVID - protocol for a mixed-methods study.

Introduction: As the prevalence of Long COVID increases, there is a critical need for a comprehensive assessment of disability. Our aims are to: (1) characterise disability experiences among people living with Long COVID in Canada, UK, USA and Ireland; and (2) develop a patient-reported outcome measure to assess the presence, severity and episodic nature of disability with Long COVID.

Methods And Analysis: In phase 1, we will conduct semistructured interviews with adults living with Long COVID to explore experiences of disability (dimensions, uncertainty, trajectories, influencing contextual factors) and establish an episodic disability (ED) framework in the context of Long COVID (n~10 each country).

COVID-19 and cancer screening in Scotland: A national and coordinated approach to minimising harm.

Screening is an important component of cancer control internationally. In Scotland, the National Health Service Scotland provides screening programmes for cervical, bowel and breast cancers. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the suspension of these programmes in March 2020.

Thrombosis of a Percutaneous Transcatheter Mitral Valve Implant and Its Treatment.

Bioprosthetic heart valves do not usually require formal anticoagulation as they are less thrombogenic than their mechanical counterparts. However, valve thrombosis has been reported after both transcatheter and surgical aortic bioprosthesis implantation. Short-term anticoagulation after surgical bioprosthesis implantation is often recommended while endothelialisation of the prosthesis takes place, particularly for mitral valve implants.

Mapping the Structural Path for Allosteric Inhibition of a Short-Form ATP Phosphoribosyltransferase by Histidine.

ATP phosphoribosyltransferase (ATPPRT) catalyzes the first step of histidine biosynthesis, being allosterically inhibited by the final product of the pathway. Allosteric inhibition of long-form ATPPRTs by histidine has been extensively studied, but inhibition of short-form ATPPRTs is poorly understood. Short-form ATPPRTs are hetero-octamers formed by four catalytic subunits (HisG) and four regulatory subunits (HisZ).

Day-case percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion-Safety and efficacy.

Objectives: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) occlusion performed as a day case procedure.

Background: LAA occlusion has been shown to be safe and effective for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation. It has not been shown if the procedure can safely be performed on a day-case basis.

Allosteric Activation Shifts the Rate-Limiting Step in a Short-Form ATP Phosphoribosyltransferase.

Short-form ATP phosphoribosyltransferase (ATPPRT) is a hetero-octameric allosteric enzyme comprising four catalytic subunits (HisG) and four regulatory subunits (HisZ). ATPPRT catalyzes the Mg-dependent condensation of ATP and 5-phospho-α-d-ribosyl-1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) to generate N-(5-phospho-β-d-ribosyl)-ATP (PRATP) and pyrophosphate, the first reaction of histidine biosynthesis. While HisG is catalytically active on its own, its activity is allosterically enhanced by HisZ in the absence of histidine.

Occlutech percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure: Safety and efficacy registry (OPPOSE).

Introduction: Safety and efficacy data on patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure with the Occlutech Figulla Flex II device are lacking. We undertook a fully monitored prospective Registry on PFO closure using this device.

Methods: 100 patients undergoing PFO closure were enrolled into the OPPOSE Registry at 6 UK centres.

Kinetics and Structure of a Cold-Adapted Hetero-Octameric ATP Phosphoribosyltransferase.

Adenosine 5'-triphosphate phosphoribosyltransferase (ATPPRT) catalyzes the first step in histidine biosynthesis, the condensation of ATP and 5-phospho-α-d-ribosyl-1-pyrophosphate to generate N-(5-phospho-β-d-ribosyl)-ATP and inorganic pyrophosphate. The enzyme is allosterically inhibited by histidine. Two forms of ATPPRT, encoded by the hisG gene, exist in nature, depending on the species.

The outcome of hip exercise in patellofemoral pain: A systematic review.

Unlabelled: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is one of the most common lower extremity conditions seen in clinical practice. Current evidence shows that there are hip strength deficits, delayed onset and shorter activation of gluteus medius in people with PFP. The aim of this review was to systematically review the literature to investigate the outcome of hip exercise in people with PFP.

Feasibility of Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion Without Preprocedural Transesophageal Echocardiography or CT Scanning.

Objective: To assess the success rate and safety outcomes of left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) procedures in a cohort of patients who had not undergone preprocedural imaging.

Background: LAAO patients usually undergo imaging with either transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) or computed tomography (CT) prior to the procedure itself. This preprocedural imaging may not be necessary.

Mortality related to novel psychoactive substances in Scotland, 2012: an exploratory study.

Background: The growth of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) over the last decade, both in terms of availability and consumption, is of increasing public health concern. Despite recent increases in related mortality, the circumstances surrounding and characteristics of individuals involved in NPS deaths at a population level remain relatively unknown.

Methods: The Scottish National Drug Related Death Database (NDRDD) collects a wide-range of data relating to the nature and circumstances of individuals who have died a drug-related death (DRD).

Descriptive epidemiology of cancer of unknown primary site in Scotland, 1961-2010.

Background: Cancers of unknown primary site (CUP) pose problems for diagnosis, treatment, and accurate prediction of prognosis. However, there are limited published data describing the epidemiology of this disease entity. Our aim was to describe the epidemiology of CUP in Scotland.

A qualitative investigation of the motivations, experiences and views of female sunbed users under the age of 18 in England.

Objective: To explore the motivations, experiences and views of female regular sunbed users aged 15-17 and consider the implications of legislation seeking to restrict sunbed use among the under-18s. Design Qualitative study of 12 focus groups.

Method: Participants were recruited opportunistically through community and social networks, around tanning salons, leisure and educational facilities in six English towns and cities.

Impact of the UK colorectal cancer screening pilot studies on incidence, stage distribution and mortality trends.

Objective: To assess the impact of the UK colorectal cancer guaiac faecal occult blood test screening pilot studies on incidence trends, stage distribution and mortality trends.

Design: Ecological study.

Setting: Scotland and the West Midlands.

Sunbed use in children aged 11-17 in England: face to face quota sampling surveys in the National Prevalence Study and Six Cities Study.

Objectives: To quantify the use of sunbeds in young people across England, identify geographical variation, and explore patterns of use, including supervision.

Design: Two random location sampling surveys.

Setting: National Prevalence Study in England; Six Cities Study in Liverpool, Stoke/Stafford, Sunderland, Bath/Gloucester, Oxford/Cambridge, and Southampton.

The risk of oesophageal cancer is not affected by a diagnosis of breast cancer.

Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is less common and develops at a later age in women compared with men. Endogenous oestrogen may therefore protect against OAC development. A cohort of women with breast cancer, a tumour commonly treated with oestrogen antagonists, was examined to identify the subsequent risk of developing OAC.

Correcting population-based survival for DCOs - why a simple method works and when to avoid it.

A high proportion of cancer registrations solely based on a death certificate (DCOs) indicates poor data quality and biases cancer survival estimates. Intensive trace-back of registrations initiated after death (DCIs) can reduce the proportion of DCOs to an acceptable level and also improve data quality in other areas (such as increasing the information on disease extent, morphology and treatment) but is expensive in staff time. Our approach - based on a proportional hazards model for DCOs relative to all other cases - can be used to predict what the likely effect of the trace-back will be on survival and to justify the extra work involved.