Publications by authors named "Catherine Seyler"
Background: To accelerate the fight against HIV/AIDS and eliminate the mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of the virus, Cameroon has implemented and intensified several strategies despite which numerous children continue to be born infected with HIV. This study aimed to evaluate these strategies put in place for the prevention of MTCT (PMTCT) in Cameroon.
Methods: A qualitative and quantitative cross-sectional analysis was conducted in seven PMTCT care units situated in the Adamawa region of the country.
Background: Efforts to improve the quality of end-of-life (EOL) care depend on better knowledge of the care that children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer receive, including high-intensity EOL (HI-EOL) care. The objective was to assess the rates of HI-EOL care in this population and to determine patient- and hospital-related predictors of HI-EOL from the French national hospital database.
Methods: This was a population-based, retrospective study of a cohort of patients aged 0 to 25 years at the time of death who died at hospital as a result of cancer in France between 2014 and 2016.
Aim: To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in adult human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients with CD4+ T-cell count less than 500/mm(3) and without antiretroviral therapy; to describe different HBV-HIV coinfection virological profiles; and to search for factors associated with HBs antigen (HBsAg) presence in these HIV positive patients.
Methods: During four months (June through September 2006), 491 patients were received in four HIV positive monitoring clinical centers in Abidjan.
Inclusion Criteria: HIV-1 or HIV-1 and 2 positive patients, age ≥ 18 years, CD4+ T-cell count < 500/mL and formal and signed consent of the patient.
Background: In Western Europe, North America, and Australia, large cohort collaborations have been able to estimate the short-term CD4 cell count-specific risk of AIDS or death in untreated human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults with high CD4 cell counts. In sub-Saharan Africa, these CD4 cell count-specific estimates are scarce.
Methods: From 1996 through 2006, we followed up 2 research cohorts of HIV-infected adults in Côte d'Ivoire.
Background: In countries with high rates of chronic HBV, the World Health Organization recommends screening all HIV-infected adults for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) before initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART), and starting HIV-HBV-coinfected patients on regimens containing lamivudine (3TC) or emtricitabine (FTC) plus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF). Here, we estimated the prevalence of untreated HIV-infected adults with negative serum HBsAg and detectable plasma HBV DNA in Côte d'Ivoire.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional survey.
Objective: To determine the rates and causes of first antiretroviral treatment changes in HIV-infected adults in Côte d'Ivoire.
Methods: We evaluated adults who initiated antiretroviral treatment in an outpatient clinic in Abidjan. We recorded baseline and follow-up data, including drug prescriptions and reasons for changing to alternative first-line regimens (drug substitution for any reason but failure) or second-line regimens (switch for failure).
The immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) has emerged as an important early complication of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings, especially in patients with tuberculosis. However, there are no consensus case definitions for IRIS or tuberculosis-associated IRIS. Moreover, previously proposed case definitions are not readily applicable in settings where laboratory resources are limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The 6 month assessment of the response to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a critical step. In sub-Saharan Africa, few people have access to plasma viral-load measurement. We assessed the gain or loss in body mass index (BMI), alone or in combination with the gain or loss in CD4+ T-cell count (CD4), as a tool for predicting the response to ART.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To assess the rates and determinants of mortality, loss to follow-up and immunological failure in a nongovernmental organization-implemented program of access to antiretroviral treatment in Côte d'Ivoire.
Methods: In each new treatment center, professionals were trained in HIV care, and a computerized data system was implemented. Individual patient and program level determinants of survival, loss to follow-up and immunological failure were assessed by multivariate analysis.
The incidence and determinants of severe morbidity recurrence in sub-Saharan African HIV-infected adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART) have never been reported. In a prospective cohort study of HIV-infected adults in Abidjan the association of severe morbidity occurrence and recurrence with follow-up CD4 counts and ART on/off status was analyzed by means of multivariate failure analysis for recurrent events (Prentice, Williams, and Peterson model). A total of 608 patients (median CD4 290/mm3 ) was followed off ART for 1824 person-years (PY).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To estimate the incidence and risk factors of mortality and severe morbidity during the first months following antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation in West African adults.
Methods: A cohort study in Abidjan in which 792 adults started ART with a median CD4 cell count of 252 cells/mul and were followed for a median of 8 months. Severe morbidity was defined as all World Health Organization stage 3 or 4-defining morbidity events other than oral candidiasis.
Background: Studies in developed countries have shown highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) decreases incidence of severe opportunistic diseases (ODs) in HIV-infected patients beyond that which is expected from changes in CD4+ T-cell count.
Objective: To estimate the independent impact of HAART on reducing ODs and mortality in Côte d'Ivoire.
Methods: Within two longitudinal studies of HIV-infected adults (1996-2003), we identified time on 'cotrimoxazole alone' and 'HAART plus cotrimoxazole' WHO stage 3-4 defining events and severe malaria were divided into those preventable and not preventable with cotrimoxazole.
Objectives: To analyse the association between the presence of resistance mutations and treatment outcomes. The impact of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in African adults on HAART has so far never been reported.
Methods: In 2004 in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, 106 adults on HAART had plasma viral load measurements.
Background: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is being scaled up in developing countries. We compared baseline characteristics and outcomes during the first year of HAART between HIV-1-infected patients in low-income and high-income settings.
Methods: 18 HAART programmes in Africa, Asia, and South America (low-income settings) and 12 HIV cohort studies from Europe and North America (high-income settings) provided data for 4810 and 22,217, respectively, treatment-naïve adult patients starting HAART.
In a placebo-controlled trial of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis in Côte d'Ivoire, neutropenia was the most frequent short-term side effect. The long-term incidence of neutropenia in sub-Saharan African adults receiving co-trimoxazole has never been reported. We followed a prospective cohort of HIV-infected adults receiving co-trimoxazole (sulphamethoxazole 800 mg/trimethoprim 160 mg daily) in Abidjan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe followed a cohort of 592 HIV-infected adults during 1292 person-years in Abidjan before the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era. On the basis of the exhaustive monitoring of nonantiretroviral drugs actually delivered to the patients and of the real cost of drugs at the cohort center's pharmacy during the study period, we estimated the mean cost of drugs per person per year (MCPPY) overall, by drug characteristics, and by patients' baseline CD4 cell count. The MCPPY was dollar 198 US overall and dolalr 83 US, dollar 101 US, dollar 186 US, dollar 233 US, and dollar 459 US in patients with a baseline CD4 count > or = 500 cells/mm, 350 to 499 cells/mm, 200 to 349 cells/mm, 100 to 199 cells/mm, and <100 cells/mm, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale: In sub-Saharan Africa: (1) tuberculosis is the first cause of HIV-related mortality; (2) the incidence of tuberculosis in adults receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) is lower than in untreated HIV-infected adults but higher than in HIV-negative adults; and (3) factors associated with the occurrence of tuberculosis in patients receiving HAART have never been described.
Objective: To look for the risk factors for active tuberculosis in HIV-infected adults receiving HAART in Abidjan.
Methods: Seven-year prospective cohort of HIV-infected adults, with standardized procedures for documenting morbidity.
The role of non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (NTM) in HIV-related diseases in sub-Saharan Africa has long been controversial. In a 6-year cohort of 721 HIV-infected adults with systematic BACTEC blood cultures in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, the incidence of NTM was 1.8/100 person-years overall and 12.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn HIV cohorts in sub-Saharan Africa, documenting vital status of patients lost to follow-up is a major challenge. The effect of specific vital status investigation procedures (VSIPs) on the number of known deaths has never been shown. We assessed the effects of VSIP on survival estimates in a 4-year prospective cohort study in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To evaluate survival, morbidity, and CD4 and viral load (VL) evolution in HIV-infected adults receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Côte d'Ivoire.
Methods: Since 1996, 723 HIV-infected adults have been followed up in the ANRS 1203 cohort study in Abidjan. For those patients who received ART, we describe data between ART initiation and August 2002.
Background: WHO/UNAIDS recommended that cotrimoxazole should be prescribed in Africa in HIV-infected adults with CD4 cell counts < 500 x 10 /l, while closely monitoring bacterial diseases in as many settings as possible.
Methods: Prospective cohort study, describing bacterial morbidity in adults receiving cotrimoxazole prophylaxis (960 mg daily) between April 1996 and June 2000 in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Results: Four-hundred and forty-eight adults (median baseline CD4 cell count 251 x 10 /l) were followed for a median time of 26 months.