A systematic review of how spinal cord injury impacts families.

Purpose/objective: This systematic review synthesizes the existing literature on the impact of spinal cord injury (SCI) on families, including parenting, marital relations, and caregivers' psychological adjustment.

Research Method/design: Seven databases were searched for relevant peer-reviewed studies. Dissertations, chapters, editorials, and review articles were excluded.

Effects of early introduction of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation based on forced vital capacity rate of change: Variation across amyotrophic lateral sclerosis clinical phenotypes.

Purpose: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. We evaluated the ability of pulmonary function tests to predict disease progression by ALS clinical phenotypes, and the timing of the introduction of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV).

Materials And Methods: A cohort study was performed in all adult patients who fulfilled El Escorial criteria at a tertiary-care academic medical centre for veterans in the USA from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2014.

Gender differences in depression among veterans with spinal cord injury.

Purpose: Little is known about gender differences in depression among veterans with spinal cord injury (SCI). Accordingly, the main objectives of this study were (a) to examine demographic and clinical characteristics of veterans with SCI; (b) to investigate gender differences in lifetime depression and depressive symptom severity, including probable major depressive disorder (MDD); and (c) to identify contributory factors (e.g.

Rural Trauma Team Development Course decreases time to transfer for trauma patients.

Background: The Rural Trauma Team Development Course (RTTDC) is designed to teach knowledge and skills for the initial assessment and stabilization of trauma patients in resource-limited environments. The effect of RTTDC training on transfers from nontrauma centers to definitive care has not been studied. We hypothesized that RTTDC training would decrease referring hospital emergency department (ED) length of stay (LOS), time to call for transfer, pretransfer computed tomography (CT) imaging rate, and mortality rate.

Does attendance in SCI education courses impact health outcomes in acute rehabilitation?

Objective: Though education about secondary complications following spinal cord injury (SCI) is a component of many rehabilitation programs, there is little research on their success in promoting healthier outcomes. This study examined 1) whether greater education course attendance was associated with improved health outcomes and quality of life and 2) whether completion of bladder management and skin care courses was associated with decreased incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and pressure ulcers (PUs).

Design: Retrospective medical record review.

Assessment of the relationship of spiritual well-being to depression and quality of life for persons with spinal cord injury.

Objective: This study sought to describe the association between spiritual well-being, demographic characteristics, quality of life (QOL) and depressive symptoms following spinal cord injury (SCI). We hypothesized QOL and depressed mood would both be explained by extent of spiritual well-being, and meaning-focused (M&P) spirituality would have a stronger impact than faith-focused spirituality.

Methods: 210 individuals with SCI were screened as part of a randomized control trial of venlafaxine XR for major depressive disorder (MDD).

Venlafaxine extended-release for depression following spinal cord injury: a randomized clinical trial.

Importance: Depression is prevalent and associated with negative outcomes in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Antidepressants are used routinely to treat depression, yet no placebo-controlled trials have been published in this population to our knowledge.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine hydrochloride extended-release (XR) for major depressive disorder (MDD) or dysthymic disorder in persons with chronic SCI.

Efficacy of venlafaxine XR for the treatment of pain in patients with spinal cord injury and major depression: a randomized, controlled trial.

Objectives: To (1) determine the efficacy of venlafaxine XR for the treatment of pain (secondary aim) in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) on the efficacy of venlafaxine XR for major depressive disorder (MDD) (primary aim); and (2) test the hypothesis that venlafaxine XR would be effective for both neuropathic and nociceptive pain.

Design: Multisite, double-blind, randomized (1:1) controlled trial with subjects block randomized and stratified by site, lifetime history of substance abuse, and prior history of MDD.

Setting: Six Departments of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation in university-based medical schools.

Identifying depression severity risk factors in persons with traumatic spinal cord injury.

Purpose/objective: Examine the relationship between demographic characteristics, health-, and injury-related characteristics, and substance misuse across multiple levels of depression severity.

Research Method/design: 204 persons with traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) volunteered as part of screening efforts for a randomized controlled trial of venlafaxine extended release for major depressive disorder (MDD). Instruments included the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) depression scale, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and the Substance Abuse in Vocational Rehabilitation-Screener (SAVR-S), which contains 3 subscales: drug misuse, alcohol misuse, and a subtle items scale.

Predictors of participation enfranchisement after spinal cord injury: the mediating role of depression and moderating role of demographic and injury characteristics.

Objectives: (1) To examine the mediating effects of depressive symptoms on the relations between employment, grief, depression treatment, and participation enfranchisement after spinal cord injury (SCI); and (2) to examine the moderating role of demographic and injury characteristics, including sex, race, marital status, education, and injury level, and completeness on these relations.

Design: Cross-sectional survey as part of the Project to Improve Symptoms and Mood after SCI (PRISMS).

Setting: Rehabilitation facilities.

A randomized controlled trial of venlafaxine XR for major depressive disorder after spinal cord injury: Methods and lessons learned.

Context/objective: We describe the rationale, design, methods, and lessons learned conducting a treatment trial for major depressive disorder (MDD) or dysthymia in people with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: A multi-site, double-blind, randomized (1:1) placebo controlled trial of venlafaxine XR for MDD or dysthymia. Subjects were block randomized and stratified by site, lifetime history of substance dependence, and prior history of MDD.

Relationship of psychology inpatient rehabilitation services and patient characteristics to outcomes following spinal cord injury: the SCIRehab project.

Context And Objective: To evaluate the effects of psychological interventions on rehabilitation outcomes, including residence and functional status at discharge, and residence, school attendance, or employment, and physical, social, occupational, and mobility aspects of participation 1 year after spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Prospective observational cohort study.

Setting: Six inpatient rehabilitation facilities in the United States.

An exploration of modifiable risk factors for depression after spinal cord injury: which factors should we target?

Objective: To identify modifiable risk factors for depression in people with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Outpatient and community settings.

Depression after spinal cord injury: comorbidities, mental health service use, and adequacy of treatment.

Objective: To provide data for depression rates and psychiatric comorbid conditions, mental health service use, and adequacy of depression treatment in depressed and nondepressed adults with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Design: Cross-sectional survey as part of the Project to Improve Symptoms and Mood after SCI (PRISMS).

Setting: Community setting.

Improving measurement properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 with rating scale analysis.

Objective: The goal of this study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9; R. L. Spitzer, K.