Sclerostin-Antibody Treatment Decreases Fracture Rates in Axial Skeleton and Improves the Skeletal Phenotype in Growing oim/oim Mice.

In osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), vertebrae brittleness causes thorax deformations and leads to cardiopulmonary failure. As sclerostin-neutralizing antibodies increase bone mass and strength in animal models of osteoporosis, their administration in two murine models of severe OI enhanced the strength of vertebrae in growing female Crtap mice but not in growing male Col1a1 mice. However, these two studies ignored the impact of antibodies on spine growth, fracture rates, and compressive mechanical properties.

Root repair after damage due to screw insertion for orthodontic miniplate placement.

Background: The aim of this investigation was to describe the healing reactions following root damage caused by placement of a miniplate anchorage system.

Material And Methods: In 4 beagle dogs, 4 titanium miniplates (2 self-tapping screws per miniplate) were placed in each maxilla, after drilling of pilot-holes. Six fixation screws were unintentionally inserted damaging the root of maxillary canines.

A cadaveric model of anterior compartment leg syndrome: Subcutaneous minimally invasive fasciotomy versus open fasciotomy.

Objective: Because of disabling sequelae of open fasciotomy in anterior compartment syndrome (ACS) of the leg, we wanted to describe and validate a cadaveric model of ACS. We hypothesized that, first, anterior compartment syndrome (ACS) could be reproduced in cadaveric leg and, second, fasciotomy without complete skin incision could lower the intramuscular pressure (IMP) in an equivalent range to complete dermatofasciotomy.

Materials And Methods: Lower limb ACS was reproduced by progressive injection of physiologic serum in the anterior compartment of 23 fresh frozen cadaveric legs with monitoring of IMP, in order to reach a maximal stabilised IMP higher than 30mmHg.

Isolated bilateral transverse agenesis of the distal segments of the lower limbs at the level of the knee joint in a human fetus.

Congenital limb anomalies occur in Europe with a prevalence of 3.81/1,000 births and can have a major impact on patients and their families. The present study concerned a female fetus aborted at 23 weeks of gestation because she was affected by non-syndromic bilateral absence of the zeugopod (leg) and autopod (foot).

In vitro evaluation of peri-implantitis treatment modalities on Saos-2osteoblasts.

Objectives: Mechanical treatment of the implant surface through surgical approach is recommended to control peri-implantitis. Few conclusive data exist about the physical and chemical properties of treated titanium surfaces and their biocompatibility towards osteoblasts. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate four clinical procedures: plastic curette, air-abrasive device (Perio-Flow(®) ), titanium brush (Ti-Brush(®) ) and implantoplasty in terms of biocompatibility and osteogenic effect when cultured with Saos2.

Oxidative Stress and Upregulation of Antioxidant Proteins, Including Adiponectin, in Extraocular Muscular Cells, Orbital Adipocytes, and Thyrocytes in Graves' Disease Associated with Orbitopathy.

Background: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is the main extrathyroidal manifestation associated with Graves' disease (GD). It is characterized by reduced eye motility due to an increased volume of orbital fat and/or of extraocular muscles (EOMs) infiltrated by fibrosis and adipose tissue. The pathogenetic mechanisms leading to fibrosis and adipogenesis are mainly based on the interaction between orbital fibroblasts and immune cells (lymphocytes and mast cells) infiltrating the GO EOMs.

Microradiographic and histological evaluation of the bone-screw and bone-plate interface of orthodontic miniplates in patients.

Objectives: To describe the tissue reactions at the bone-titanium interface of orthodontic miniplates in humans.

Materials And Methods: Forty-two samples, consisting of tissue fragments attached or not to miniplates or their fixation screws, were collected from 24 orthodontic patients treated with miniplate anchorage, at the time of removal of their miniplates. The samples were embedded in methylmethacrylate and cut into undecalcified sections which were submitted to microradiographic analysis.

Gingiva laser welding: preliminary study on an ex vivo porcine model.

Objective: The use of lasers to fuse different tissues has been studied for 50 years. As none of these experiments concerned the oral soft tissues, our objective was to assess the feasibility of laser gingiva welding.

Materials And Methods: Porcine full-thickness gingival flaps served to prepare calibrated samples in the middle of which a 2 cm long incision was closed, either by conventional suture or by laser tissue welding (LTW).

Molecular study of a Hoxa2 gain-of-function in chondrogenesis: a model of idiopathic proportionate short stature.

In a previous study using transgenic mice ectopically expressing Hoxa2 during chondrogenesis, we associated the animal phenotype to human idiopathic proportionate short stature. Our analysis showed that this overall size reduction was correlated with a negative influence of Hoxa2 at the first step of endochondral ossification. However, the molecular pathways leading to such phenotype are still unknown.

Influence of sodium hypochlorite on Er:YAG laser-irradiated dentin and its effect on the quality of adaptation of the composite restoration margins.

Objective: The aims of this in vitro study were to evaluate: (1) the influence of 5% NaOCl application on Er:YAG-irradiated dentin; and (2) its effect on the quality of adaptation of the composite restoration margins.

Background Data: Previous research has shown that Er:YAG dentin irradiation produces a thermally affected tissue layer that results in lower bond strength than that of nonirradiated dentin. The removal of this thermally-affected layer may enhance the quality of dentin bonding.

Postnatal growth defect in mice upon persistent Hoxa2 expression in the chondrogenic cell lineage.

Hoxa2 is a homeotic transcription factor, which is downregulated once chondrogenic differentiation is initiated. We previously generated a transgenic mouse model, which turns Hoxa2 on in cells expressing Collagen II A1, i.e.

Patients' and orthodontists' perceptions of miniplates used for temporary skeletal anchorage: a prospective study.

Introduction: Temporary skeletal anchorage is a relatively recent addition to orthodontic treatment. Surgical miniplates, modified with intraoral attachments, provide an alternative to miniscrews for skeletal anchorage. In this study, we wanted to determine patients' and providers' perceptions of miniplate use during orthodontic treatment.

Anatomical bases for the radiological delineation of lymph node areas. Upper limbs, chest and abdomen.

Cancer spreads locally through direct infiltration into soft tissues, or at distance by invading vascular structures, then migrating through the lymphatic or blood flow. Although cancer cells carried in the blood can end in virtually any corner of the body, lymphatic migration is usually stepwise, through successive nodal stops, which can temporarily delay further progression. In radiotherapy, irradiation of lymphatic paths relevant to the localisation of the primary has been common practice for decades.

Systematic review of the experimental use of temporary skeletal anchorage devices in orthodontics.

Introduction: Our aim was to review the experimental literature to determine what is known about functional and morphological tissue reactions around orthodontically loaded temporary skeletal anchorage devices.

Methods: The PubMed electronic database and the reference citations in published articles were searched to the end of April 2006. The inclusion criteria were animal studies about orthodontically loaded skeletal anchorage consisting of metallic bone plates or screw implants of 2.

Implant osseointegration in the irradiated mandible. A comparative study in dogs with a microradiographic and histologic assessment.

This research focuses on the effects of radiotherapy on the osseointegration of dental implants placed before or after radiotherapy in 11 male beagles. After the extraction of all mandibular premolars 1st and 2nd molars, three dogs were implanted without radiotherapy (Control group), four dogs were irradiated 4 weeks after implantation (IrA group) and four dogs were irradiated 8 weeks before implantation (IrB group). Eight implants were placed in each dog, in an alternating pattern: four nonsubmerged ITI Bonefit titanium plasma spray-coated and four submerged Steri-Oss hydroxyapatite-coated.

Perforations of cortical bone allografts improve their incorporation.

The incorporation of perforated cortical bone allografts was compared with non-perforated allografts. A 5-cm circumferential defect in the middiaphysis at the tibia was created in adult sheep. A frozen tibial allograft was implanted and fixed with a locked nail for 6 months.