Do professionalism, leadership, and resilience combine for professional identity formation? Evidence from confirmatory factor analysis.

Introduction: Professional identity formation (PIF) is an ongoing, self-reflective process involving habits of thinking, feeling and acting like a physician and is an integral component of medical education. While qualitative work has suggested that PIF is informed by professionalism, resilience, and leadership, there is a dearth of quantitative work in this area. Multiple methods build rigor and the present study aimed to quantitatively assess the relative psychometric contributions of professionalism, resilience, and leadership constructs to informing PIF, using a latent factor analysis approach.

Reliability of proxy reports on patient reported outcomes measures in stroke: An updated systematic review.

Objectives: With the rising global burden of stroke-related morbidity, and increased focus on patient-centered healthcare, patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly used to inform healthcare decision-making. Some stroke patients with cognitive or motor impairments are unable to respond to PROMs, so proxies may respond on their behalf; the reliability of which remains unclear. The aim of the study is to update a 2010 systematic review to investigate the inter-rater reliability of proxy respondents answering PROMs for stroke patients.

Medical students, mental health and the role of resilience - A cross-sectional study.

Background: Medical students have reported high prevalence of mental health difficulties and burnout. However, there are limited investigations examining the association between resilience and these difficulties. We investigated: (1) depression, anxiety, personal and professional burnout, and comorbidity; (2) demographic and education characteristics associated with these outcomes; (3) the association between resilience and these outcomes; and (4) whether these results were attributable to sampling bias.

Young and restless, old and focused: Age-differences in mind-wandering frequency and phenomenology.

The consistently observed age-accompanied diminution in mind-wandering stands seemingly opposed to accounts that present mind-wandering as a failure of executive control. This study examined the impact of aging on the frequency and phenomenology of mind-wandering and investigated distinct variables mediating age-related differences in unintentional and intentional mind-wandering. Thirty-four younger and 34 healthy older adults completed a neuropsychological test battery and contrast change detection task embedded with experience sampling probes asking participants to discriminate the nature of their thoughts.

Objective Assessment of Adherence to Inhalers by Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Rationale: Objective adherence to inhaled therapy by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been reported.

Objectives: To objectively quantify adherence to preventer Diskus inhaler therapy by patients with COPD with an electronic audio recording device (INCA).

Methods: This was a prospective observational study.