Public willingness, attitudes and related factors toward cardiopulmonary resuscitation: A grounded theory study.

Objectives: Despite receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training, over 50% of bystanders were unable to actually perform CPR. Understanding public willingness and attitudes toward bystander CPR is crucial in explaining whether people initiate CPR. This study aimed to develop a theoretical understanding of factors that influence the public's willingness and attitudes to perform CPR.

Systematic Review of the Influence of Physical Work Environment on Office Workers' Physical Activity Behavior.

Background: Many American workers spend over 7 hours a day at work in primarily sedentary office work. Physical activity is a key aspect of optimizing health and preventing disease; yet, 80% of American adults do not meet the recommended guidelines for physical activity. In this systematic review, the relationship between physical work environment and physical activity among office workers was explored.

Earning the Trust of African American Communities to Increase Representation in Dementia Research.

Black/African American populations are underrepresented as participants in dementia research. A major barrier to participation of African American older adults in dementia research is a tendency to distrust research institutions owing to both historical and contemporary racism. Building on the Ford framework, the objective of our study was to examine factors that influence participation in dementia research among African American older adults and caregivers, with an emphasis on understanding factors related to trust.

Two Different Buprenorphine Treatment Settings With Similar Retention Rates: Implications for Expanding Access to Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder.

There is considerable need for effective and accessible treatment for opioid use disorder. Our study explored differences in buprenorphine treatment retention and duration, with a focus on selected sociodemographic factors and treatment indicators, in two different settings: an office-based buprenorphine induction and stabilization clinic (OBIC) and a community-based primary care clinic (CPC). This nonexperimental retrospective chart review compared demographic information and buprenorphine treatment details, including treatment retention and duration.

Experiences and Perceptions of Black Men Who Have Sex with Men About Acquiring HIV: A Qualitative Narrative Perspective.

In the United States, Black men who have sex with men (MSM), between the ages of 18 and 34 years, have the highest rates of new HIV infections. The prevalence of HIV in this population is three to four times higher than their White MSM counterparts. Twelve Black MSM from the Bay Area, nine with HIV and three without HIV, were interviewed regarding their experiences and perceived risks of acquiring HIV.

Depression, Perceived Health, and Right-of-Return Hopefulness of Palestinian Refugees.

Purpose: Displacement is traumatic and often an unwanted social change that can lead to a loss of identity and socioeconomic, physical, and psychological livelihood. The purpose of the study was to describe the association of perceived health and right-of-return hopefulness to depressive symptom severity in Palestinian refugees, taking into consideration gender and poverty.

Design: The descriptive, correlational study was framed within a socioecological lens.

Nativity, Chronic Health Conditions, and Health Behaviors in Filipino Americans.

Introduction: Nearly half of Americans have a chronic health condition related to unhealthful behavior. One in four Americans is an immigrant; yet immigrants' health has been studied little, particularly among Asian American subpopulations.

Methodology: Years lived in United States, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, walking, adiposity, and fruit/vegetable variables in the 2011-2012 California Health Interview Survey were analyzed to examine the influence of nativity on chronic health conditions and health behaviors in 555 adult Filipinos, the second largest Asian American immigrant subpopulation.

Cardiometabolic risks, lifestyle health behaviors and heart disease in Filipino Americans.

Background: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death among all racial and ethnic populations in the USA. Cardiovascular risks and cardioprotective factors have been disparately estimated among Asian American subpopulations.

Aims: The study's purpose was to describe the cardiometabolic risks and lifestyle health behaviors associated with cardiovascular disease, considering age and gender, in Filipinos, the second largest Asian American population.

A Community Based Program for Family Caregivers for Post Stroke Survivors in Thailand.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the post-stroke care program within the community setting in Thailand.

Methods: This quasi-experimental study was a nonequivalent control group pre-test and post-test design. A total of 62 pairs of post-stroke patients and their family caregivers were recruited to the study (31 pairs per group).

Health-related quality of life of Palestinian refugees inside and outside camps in Jordan.

Background: Jordan hosts more Palestinian refugees than any country in the world. Conditions under which people in a community live influence their health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive comparative cross-sectional study was to compare HRQOL of Palestinian refugees in Jordan who live inside camps with those who live outside camps.

Infant Feeding Decision-Making and the Influences of Social Support Persons Among First-Time African American Mothers.

Background While breast milk is considered the gold standard of infant feeding, a majority of African American mothers are not exclusively breastfeeding their newborn infants. Objective The overall goal of this critical ethnographic research study was to describe infant feeding perceptions and experiences of African American mothers and their support persons. Methods Twenty-two participants (14 pregnant women and eight support persons) were recruited from public health programs and community based organizations in northern California.

Factors influencing health behaviors among active duty Air Force personnel.

Background: Individual health behaviors affect whether U.S. Air Force (USAF) service members are fit and ready to deploy.

Breastfeeding and use of social media among first-time African American mothers.

Objective: To describe the use of social media during the antepartum and postpartum periods among first-time African American mothers and their support persons.

Design: A qualitative critical ethnographic research design within the contexts of family life course development theory and Black feminist theory.

Setting: Participants were recruited from community-based, public health, and home visiting programs.

How community trust was gained by an NGO in Malawi, Central Africa, to mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS.

Trust is valuable social capital that is essential for effective partnerships to improve a community's health. Yet, how to establish trust in culturally diverse communities is elusive for many researchers, practitioners, and agencies. The purpose of this qualitative study was to obtain perspectives of individuals working for a nongovernmental organization (NGO) about gaining community trust in Malawi in order to mitigate the impact of HIV/AIDS.

Testing the efficacy of culturally adapted coping skills training for Chinese American immigrants with type 2 diabetes using community-based participatory research.

Chinese Americans demonstrate greater prevalence of diabetes than non-Hispanic whites and find standard diabetes care disregards their cultural health beliefs. Academic researchers and Chinatown agencies collaborated to culturally adapt and test an efficacious cognitive-behavioral intervention using community-based participatory research. Using a delayed-treatment repeated-measures design, 145 adult Chinese immigrants with Type 2 diabetes completed treatment.

Socially disempowered women as the key to addressing change in Malawi: how do they do it?

Malawi women are in the ironic juxtaposition of being socially disempowered while, at the same time, thought to hold the key to shaping an effective community response to the HIV crisis. Based on this juxtaposition, a descriptive, qualitative study was conducted in Malawi and the United States where 26 participants from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and community-based organizations (CBOs) discussed the roles of Malawi women. Interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed.

Coronary heart disease risk estimation in asymptomatic adults.

Background: Accurate estimation of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk is requisite for effective primary prevention of the disease. The Framingham Risk Score is the most commonly used method for estimating 10-year risk for CHD in asymptomatic individuals. Further noninvasive tests of atherosclerosis are widely available and may be added to enhance risk estimation.

Rural adolescent health: the importance of prevention services in the rural community.

Context: Adolescence is a pivotal developmental period for the establishment of positive health and health practices. However, developmentally propelled risk behaviors coinciding with barriers to health services may increase the propensity for untoward health outcomes in adolescence. In addition, the sociocultural context of the rural environment can present challenges to the health of adolescents.

Increasing community capacity to reduce tobacco-related health disparities in African American communities.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to understand the processes and interactions that African American tobacco control organizations use to engage African American communities in tobacco control efforts.

Design And Sample: The study used grounded theory methods to interpret participant's perspectives on tobacco control. The study sample consisted of African American tobacco control program directors from African American tobacco control organizations throughout the United States.

Conceptualizing physical activity behavior of older Korean-Americans: an integration of Korean culture and social cognitive theory.

People can live longer and healthier lives by engaging in physical activity (PA). The purpose of this article is to assess the social cognitive theory (SCT) in relation to its relevance to produce cultural-specific directions for gerontological nursing practice in order to guide the design of PA interventions for Korean-American elders. SCT is compared to the Korean cultural, social, and health belief system and is analyzed and evaluated based on 3 criteria: assumptions of the theory, completeness and consistency, and essence of nursing.