A scoping review on pediatric sepsis prediction technologies in healthcare.

This scoping review evaluates recent advancements in data-driven technologies for predicting non-neonatal pediatric sepsis, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, and other methodologies. Of the 27 included studies, 23 (85%) were single-center investigations, and 16 (59%) used logistic regression. Notably, 20 (74%) studies used datasets with a low prevalence of sepsis-related outcomes, with area under the receiver operating characteristic scores ranging from 0.

An Approach to Potentially Increasing Adoption of an Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Electronic Medical Record Encounter in Canadian Primary Care: Protocol for a User-Centered Design.

Background: Primary care physicians are at the forefront of the clinical process that can lead to diagnosis, referral, and treatment. With electronic medical records (EMRs) being introduced and, over time, gaining acceptance by primary care users, they have now become a standard part of care. EMRs have the potential to be further optimized with the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI).

Capturing Home Care Information Management and Communication Processes Among Caregivers of Older Adults: Qualitative Study to Inform Technology Design.

Background: The demand for complex home care is increasing with the growing aging population and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Family and hired caregivers play a critical role in providing care for individuals with complex home care needs. However, there are significant gaps in research informing the design of complex home care technologies that consider the experiences of family and hired caregivers collectively.

Role satisfaction among community volunteers working in mass COVID-19 vaccination clinics, Waterloo Region, Canada.

Introduction: Unpaid community volunteers are a vital public health resource in times of crisis. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, community volunteers were mobilized to support mass vaccination efforts in many countries. To have this group's continued engagement, it is essential to understand the community volunteer experience, including the opportunities and challenges they encounter and how these contribute to their role satisfaction.

Multi-Disciplinary Design and Implementation of a Mass Vaccination Clinic Mobile Application to Support Decision-Making.

Unlabelled: Mass vaccination clinics are complex systems that combine professionals who do not typically work together. Coordinating vaccine preparation and patient intake is critically important to maintain patient flow equilibrium, requiring continuous communication and shared decision-making to reduce vaccine waste.

Objectives: (1) To develop a mobile application (app) that can address the information needs of vaccination clinic stakeholders for end-of-day doses decision-making in mass immunization settings; and (2) to understand usability and clinical implementation among multi-disciplinary users.

Automated digital technologies for supporting sepsis prediction in children: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: While there have been several literature reviews on the performance of digital sepsis prediction technologies and clinical decision-support algorithms for adults, there remains a knowledge gap in examining the development of automated technologies for sepsis prediction in children. This scoping review will critically analyse the current evidence on the design and performance of automated digital technologies to predict paediatric sepsis, to advance their development and integration within clinical settings.

Methods And Analysis: This scoping review will follow Arksey and O'Malley's framework, conducted between February and December 2022.

Understanding Human Factors Challenges on the Front Lines of Mass COVID-19 Vaccination Clinics: Human Systems Modeling Study.

Background: Implementing mass vaccination clinics for COVID-19 immunization has been a successful public health activity worldwide. However, this tightly coupled system has many logistical challenges, leading to increased workplace stress, as evidenced throughout the pandemic. The complexities of mass vaccination clinics that combine multidisciplinary teams working within nonclinical environments are yet to be understood through a human systems perspective.

Caregiver Expectations of Interfacing With Voice Assistants to Support Complex Home Care: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Providing care in home environments is complex, and often the pressure is on caregivers to document information and ensure care continuity. Digital information management and communication technologies may support care coordination among caregivers. However, they have yet to be adopted in this context, partly because of issues with supporting long-term disease progression and caregiver anxiety.

Exploring the Experiences of Family Caregivers of Children With Special Health Care Needs to Inform the Design of Digital Health Systems: Formative Qualitative Study.

Background: Family caregivers of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) are responsible for managing and communicating information regarding their child's health in their homes. Although family caregivers currently capture information through nondigital methods, digital health care applications are a promising solution for supporting the standardization of information management in complex home care across their child's health care team. However, family caregivers continue to use paper-based methods where the adoption of digital health care tools is low.

Prescribers' perspectives on including reason for use information on prescriptions and medication labels: a qualitative thematic analysis.

Background: The indication for prescribing a particular medication, or its reason for use (RFU) is a crucial piece of information for all those involved in the circle of care. Research has shown that sharing RFU information with physicians, pharmacists and patients improves patient safety and patient adherence, however RFU is rarely added on prescriptions by prescribers or on medication labels for patients to reference.

Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 20 prescribers in Southern Ontario, Canada, to learn prescribers' current attitudes on the addition of RFU on prescriptions and medication labels.

How do I keep myself safe? Patient perspectives on including reason for use information on prescriptions and medication labels: a qualitative thematic analysis.

Background: Medications are crucial for maintaining patient wellness and improving health in modern medicine, but their use comes with risks. Helping patients to understand why they are taking medications is important for patient-centered care and facilitates patient adherence to prescribed medications. One strategy involves enhancing communication between patients, physicians, and pharmacists through the sharing of reason for use (RFU) information or the indication for medications.

Modeling Automation With Cognitive Work Analysis to Support Human-Automation Coordination.

Cognitive work analysis is useful to develop displays for complex situations, but it has not been well explored in providing support for human-automation coordination. To fill this gap, we propose a degree of automation (DOA) layering approach, demonstrated by modeling an automated financial trading domain, with a goal of supporting interface design in this domain. The abstraction hierarchy and the decision ladder each adopted an additional layer, mapping functions allocated to the trader and to the automation.

Design and evaluation of a safety-centered user interface for radiation therapy.

Purpose: As radiation therapy treatment grows more complex over time, treatment delivery has become more susceptible to adverse events and patient safety risks from use error. The radiation therapy monitoring and treatment delivery user interface explored in this study was redesigned using ecological interface design, a human factors engineering method, and evaluated to improve treatment safety.

Methods And Materials: An initial design concept was created based on previously completed analysis and informally evaluated in focus groups with radiation therapists.

Clinician-Driven Design of -An Intelligent Monitoring and Communication Device to Improve Patient Safety in the Intensive Care Unit.

The pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) is a complex environment, in which a multidisciplinary team of clinicians (registered nurses, respiratory therapists, and physicians) continually observe and evaluate patient information. Data are provided by multiple, and often physically separated sources, cognitive workload is high, and team communication can be challenging. Our aim is to combine information from multiple monitoring and therapeutic devices in a mobile application, the , to improve the efficiency of clinical decision-making, communication, and thereby patient safety.

Protocol for Usability Testing and Validation of the ISO Draft International Standard 19223 for Lung Ventilators.

Background: Clinicians, such as respiratory therapists and physicians, are often required to set up pieces of medical equipment that use inconsistent terminology. Current lung ventilator terminology that is used by different manufacturers contributes to the risk of usage errors, and in turn the risk of ventilator-associated lung injuries and other conditions. Human factors and communication issues are often associated with ventilator-related sentinel events, and inconsistent ventilator terminology compounds these issues.

Modeling Patient Treatment With Medical Records: An Abstraction Hierarchy to Understand User Competencies and Needs.

Background: Health care is a complex sociotechnical system. Patient treatment is evolving and needs to incorporate the use of technology and new patient-centered treatment paradigms. Cognitive work analysis (CWA) is an effective framework for understanding complex systems, and work domain analysis (WDA) is useful for understanding complex ecologies.

Designing for Risk Assessment Systems for Patient Triage in Primary Health Care: A Literature Review.

Background: This literature review covers original journal papers published between 2011 and 2015. These papers review the current status of research on the application of human factors and ergonomics in risk assessment systems' design to cope with the complexity, singularity, and danger in patient triage in primary health care.

Objective: This paper presents a systematic literature review that aims to identify, analyze, and interpret the application of available evidence from human factors and ergonomics to the design of tools, devices, and work processes to support risk assessment in the context of health care.

Who provides care for people dying of cancer? A comparison of a rural and metropolitan cohort in a South Australian bereaved population study.

Objective: To examine and compare urban and rural palliative care service availability and patterns of care from randomised, population-based surveys of caregivers of people at the end of life.

Design, Setting & Participants: Survey responses on the death of 'someone close' from 23,588 interviews of South Australians conducted between 2001 and 2007 are analysed.

Interventions: A randomised population survey.

Using a collaborative research approach to develop an interdisciplinary research agenda for the study of mobile health interventions for older adults.

Background: Seniors with chronic diseases are often called on to self-manage their conditions. Mobile health (mHealth) tools may be a useful strategy to help seniors access health information at the point of decision-making, receive real-time feedback and coaching, and monitor health conditions. However, developing successful mHealth interventions for seniors presents many challenges.

Effect of a mobile phone intervention on quitting smoking in a young adult population of smokers: randomized controlled trial study protocol.

Background: Tobacco use remains the number one cause of preventable chronic disease and death in developed countries worldwide. In North America, smoking rates are highest among young adults. Despite that the majority of young adult smokers indicate wanting to quit, smoking rates among this age demographic have yet to decline.

Using team cognitive work analysis to reveal healthcare team interactions in a birthing unit.

Unlabelled: Cognitive work analysis (CWA) as an analytical approach for examining complex sociotechnical systems has shown success in modelling the work of single operators. The CWA approach incorporates social and team interactions, but a more explicit analysis of team aspects can reveal more information for systems design. In this paper, Team CWA is explored to understand teamwork within a birthing unit at a hospital.

Improving social connection through a communities-of-practice-inspired cognitive work analysis approach.

Objective: Increasingly, people work in socially networked environments. With growing adoption of enterprise social network technologies, supporting effective social community is becoming an important factor in organizational success.

Background: Relatively few human factors methods have been applied to social connection in communities.

A repeat alcohol septal ablation procedure for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy where the first septal branch arose from the intermediate (ramus) artery.

Septal reduction therapy (via alcohol septal ablation or surgical myomectomy) is indicated in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) who have NYHA class III/IV symptoms despite maximal medical therapy. In 90% of patients with HOCM the target septal artery arises from the LAD or diagonal artery. In the remaining 10% of cases it may arise from the ramus, proximal circumflex, or posterolateral or posterior descending branches of the RCA.

Uncovering an invisible network of direct caregivers at the end of life: a population study.

Background: Most palliative care research about caregivers relies on reports from spouses or adult children. Some recent clinical reports have noted the assistance provided by other family members and friends.

Aim: This population study aims to define the people who actually provide care at the end of life.