Spontaneous histopathology in New Zealand White rabbits: ten years of control data.

The historical control database of a multinational laboratory services provider was queried for all histopathologic findings in New Zealand White rabbits which were used as control animals during a ten-year period (2011-2020). The query included all evaluated tissues, with or without microscopic findings, in studies conducted for safety testing for regulatory approval by the U.S.

Site-Specific Antimicrobial Activity of a Dual-Responsive Ciprofloxacin Prodrug.

Bacterial infections create distinctive microenvironments with a unique mix of metabolites and enzymes compared with healthy tissues that can be used to trigger the activation of antibiotic prodrugs. Here, a single and dual prodrug masking the C3 carboxylate and C7 piperazine of the fluoroquinolone, ciprofloxacin, responsive to nitroreductase (NTR) and/or hydrogen sulfide (HS), was developed. Masking both functional groups reduced the activity of the prodrug against and , increasing its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by ∼512-fold () and ∼8000-fold ( strains), while masking a single group only increased the MIC by ∼128-fold.

Health impact assessment of the Atlanta BeltLine.

Background: Although a health impact assessment (HIA) is a tool that can provide decision makers with recommendations to promote positive health impacts and mitigate adverse health impacts of proposed projects and policies, it is not routinely conducted on most major projects or policies.

Purpose: To make health a decision criterion for the Atlanta BeltLine, a multibillion-dollar transit, trails, parks, and redevelopment project.

Methods: An HIA was conducted in 2005-2007 to anticipate and influence the BeltLine's effect on health determinants.

An investigation of treatment scheduling for phonemic awareness with kindergartners who are at risk for reading difficulties.

Purpose: This study examined 2 schedules of treatment for phonemic awareness.

Method: Forty-one 5- to 6-year-old kindergartners, including 22 English learners, with low letter-name and first-sound knowledge received 11 hr of phonemic awareness treatment: concentrated (CP, 3x/wk to December), dispersed (DP, 1x/wk to March), and dispersed vocabulary control (CON).

Results: English learners performed similarly to native English speakers.

Growing the field of health impact assessment in the United States: an agenda for research and practice.

Health impact assessment (HIA) methods are used to evaluate the impact on health of policies and projects in community design, transportation planning, and other areas outside traditional public health concerns. At an October 2004 workshop, domestic and international experts explored issues associated with advancing the use of HIA methods by local health departments, planning commissions, and other decisionmakers in the United States. Workshop participants recommended conducting pilot tests of existing HIA tools, developing a database of health impacts of common projects and policies, developing resources for HIA use, building workforce capacity to conduct HIAs, and evaluating HIAs.