Role of the HGF/c-MET pathway in resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

Most of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients will experience tumor progression with immunotherapy (IO). Preliminary data suggested an association between high plasma HGF levels and poor response to IO in advanced NSCLC. Our study aimed to evaluate further the role of the HGF/MET pathway in resistance to IO in advanced NSCLC.

[A national survey from the French Society of Pathology on research and application of artificial intelligence in pathology].

The 2030 French Innovation Healthcare national plan defined "Digital Healthcare" as one of its priority. The deployment of digital pathology and artificial intelligence fits perfectly into this framework. Therefore we evaluated the pathologist's interest in those fields by conducting an online survey among members of the French Society of Pathology, mainly composed of senior pathologists and trainees (n=2301).

Diagnostic value of minor salivary gland biopsy for Sjogren's syndrome in children: a monocentric retrospective study over 10 years.

Objectives: Minor salivary gland biopsy (MSGB) is a minimally invasive test used in suspected autoimmune diseases. Our study goal was to evaluate diagnostic performance of MSGB in children suspected of Sjogren's syndrome (SS).

Methods: We did a retrospective monocentric study on patients under 18 years old who had a MSGB between October 2011 and December 2021 at Bicêtre University Hospital.

Septin 9 expression regulates 'don't eat me' signals and identifies an immune-epithelial class of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a highly heterogeneous and aggressive liver cancer with limited therapeutic options. Precise classification and immunotherapy are perspectives to improve the treatments. We reported the role of septin 9 in apico-basal polarity and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT).

Clinical Application of Infrared Spectroscopy in Liver Transplantation for Rapid Assessment of Lipid Content in Liver Graft.

Liver transplantation (LT) is a major treatment for patients with end-stage liver diseases. Steatosis is a significant risk factor for primary graft nonfunction and associated with poor long-term graft outcomes. Traditionally, the evaluation of steatosis is based on frozen section examination to estimate the percentage of hepatocytes containing lipid vesicles.

Tumor suppressive role of the antimicrobial lectin REG3A targeting the O -GlcNAc glycosylation pathway.

Background And Aims: Antimicrobial proteins of the regenerating family member 3 alpha (REG3A) family provide a first line of protection against infections and transformed cells. Their expression is inducible by inflammation, which makes their role in cancer biology less clear since an immune-inflammatory context may preexist or coexist with cancer, as occurs in HCC. The aim of this study is to clarify the role of REG3A in liver carcinogenesis and to determine whether its carbohydrate-binding functions are involved.

Primary liver cancer classification from routine tumour biopsy using weakly supervised deep learning.

Background & Aims: The diagnosis of primary liver cancers (PLCs) can be challenging, especially on biopsies and for combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA). We automatically classified PLCs on routine-stained biopsies using a weakly supervised learning method.

Method: We selected 166 PLC biopsies divided into training, internal and external validation sets: 90, 29 and 47 samples, respectively.

Mutational signature, cancer driver genes mutations and transcriptomic subgroups predict hepatoblastoma survival.

Background: Hepatoblastoma is the most frequent pediatric liver cancer. The current treatments lead to 80% of survival rate at 5 years. In this study, we evaluated the clinical relevance of molecular features to identify patients at risk of chemoresistance, relapse and death of disease.

Modelling the impact of liver regeneration on hepatoblastoma patient-derived-xenograft tumor growth.

Background: Twenty percent of children with hepatoblastoma (HB) have lung metastasis at diagnosis. Treatment protocols recommend surgical removal of chemotherapy-refractory lung nodules, however no chronological order is established. As hepatectomy is followed by release of growth factors, it has been proposed that partial hepatectomy (PH) could boost local or distant residual tumor growth.

Colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) signalling is predictive of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

The identification of biomarkers related to treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) represents a significant challenge. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of macrophage-related markers assessed in plasma and tissue samples of patients with NSCLC undergoing ICI treatment. This bicentric study included a prospective cohort of 88 patients with advanced NSCLC who received first-line therapy with ICI (either as monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy) or chemotherapy alone (CT).

Preneoplastic liver colonization by 11p15.5 altered mosaic cells in young children with hepatoblastoma.

Pediatric liver tumors are very rare tumors with the most common diagnosis being hepatoblastoma. While hepatoblastomas are predominantly sporadic, around 15% of cases develop as part of predisposition syndromes such as Beckwith-Wiedemann (11p15.5 locus altered).

Immunosuppressant mycophenolate mofetil for patients with steroid-refractory immune-related hepatitis induced by checkpoint inhibitors in oncology.

Background: Immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) hepatitis, which does not improve with steroids and requires additional immunosuppressant, is defined as steroid-refractory ICI hepatitis. The outcome of patients with steroid-refractory ICI hepatitis remains poorly determined. Herein, we investigated the incidence, clinical features, and outcome of patients treated with second-line immunosuppressant for steroid-refractory ICI hepatitis.

Antagonism between wild-type and mutant β-catenin controls hepatoblastoma differentiation via fascin-1.

Background & Aims: β-catenin is a well-known effector of the Wnt pathway, and a key player in cadherin-mediated cell adhesion. Oncogenic mutations of β-catenin are very frequent in paediatric liver primary tumours. Those mutations are mostly heterozygous, which allows the co-expression of wild-type (WT) and mutated β-catenins in tumour cells.

Progressive erythrocytosis under lenvatinib treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: This manuscript reports on the occurrence of early and frequent erythrocytosis in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients treated with lenvatinib.

Methods: A cohort of 23 patients with advanced HCC, treated with this antiangiogenic drug for at least one month, was retrospectively analyzed.

Results: These patients (82.

Immune-related generalised oedema - A new category of adverse events with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Background: Generalised oedema was occasionally reported associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs). The purpose of this study is to investigate immune-related generalised oedema (ir-GE) drug related to ICPI, through frequency, clinical and pathological characteristics, and patient's outcome.

Patients And Methods: Objectives of the study were to report on ir-GE associated with ICPI to define frequency, associated signs and symptoms, pathological characteristics, severity, and response to corticosteroids.

Nodular Regenerative Hyperplasia Is Not a Rare Condition After Liver Transplantation: Incidence, Predictive Factors, and Impact on Survival.

Background: The objectives of this study were to evaluate incidence and to identify the risk factors of occurrence and the predictive factors of symptomatic forms of nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) after liver transplantation (LT).

Methods: To identify risk factors of NRH following LT, we included 1648 patients transplanted from 2004 to 2018 and compared the patients developing NRH after LT to those who did not. To identify predictive factors of symptomatic NRH, we selected 115 biopsies displaying NRH and compared symptomatic to asymptomatic forms.

Urgent Liver Transplantation for Acute Liver Failure in Pregnant Women: The Optimum Timing for Delivery.

Background: The occurrence of acute liver failure (ALF) in pregnant women due to an etiology unrelated to pregnancy (pregALF) that leads to liver transplantation (LT) has rarely been reported. The objective was to report the outcome of pregnant women and fetus and propose a strategy for the timing of delivery and of LT in these patients.

Methods: Five consecutive pregnant patients with ALF were admitted to our center between 1986 and 2018 and underwent an LT.