Histopathological grading of pediatric ependymoma: reproducibility and clinical relevance in European trial cohorts.

Background: Histopathological grading of ependymoma has been controversial with respect to its reproducibility and clinical significance. In a 3-phase study, we reviewed the pathology of 229 intracranial ependymomas from European trial cohorts of infants (2 trials - SFOP/CNS9204) and older children (2 trials - AIEOP/CNS9904) to assess both diagnostic concordance among five neuropathologists and the prognostic utility of histopathological variables, particularly tumor grading.

Results: In phase 1, using WHO criteria and without first discussing any issue related to grading ependymomas, pathologists assessed and independently graded ependymomas from 3 of 4 trial cohorts.

Daily organization of laying in Japanese and European quail: effect of domestication.

In the present study, we aimed to examine the possible effects of domestication on the daily organization of laying in female quail. To achieve this we compared laying patterns in a laboratory strain of Japanese quail with those in European quail originating from a wild population. Under LD 14:10, the same specific laying window was observed, with ovipositions occurring mainly between 7 h and 15 h after lights on.