Relationship between stair ascent gait speed, bone density and gait characteristics of postmenopausal women.

Stair ascent is a biomechanically challenging task for older women. Bone health may affect gait stability during stair walking. This study investigated the gait biomechanics associated with stair ascent in a group of postmenopausal women in relation to walking speed and bone health, quantified by T-score.

The influence of musculoskeletal forces on the growth of the prenatal cortex in the ilium: a finite element study.

Remodelling and adaptation of bone within the pelvis is believed to be influenced by the mechanical strains generated during locomotion. Variation in the cortical bone thickness observed in the prenatal ilium has been linked to the musculoskeletal loading associated with movements; for example the development of a thicker gluteal cortex is a possible response to contractions of the gluteal muscles. This study examines if the strains generated in the prenatal iliac cortex due to musculoskeletal loading are capable of initiating bone remodelling to either maintain homeostasis or form new bone.

A 12-month continuous and intermittent high-impact exercise intervention and its effects on bone mineral density in early postmenopausal women: a feasibility randomized controlled trial.

Background: Intermittent mechanical loading generates greater bone adaptations than continuous mechanical loading in rodents but has never been evaluated in humans. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a continuous and intermittent countermovement jump (CMJ) intervention for attenuating early postmenopausal BMD loss.

Methods: 41 healthy early postmenopausal women (age=54.

Relationships between walking speed, T-score and age with gait parameters in older post-menopausal women with low bone mineral density.

Background: The gait patterns of women with low bone mineral density (BMD) or osteoporosis have not been thoroughly explored, and when examined, often studied in relation to falls and kyphosis.

Research Question: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between gait parameters and comfortable, self-selected walking speed and BMD in older post-menopausal women with a broad range of T-scores (healthy to osteoporotic).

Methods: 3D kinematic and kinetic data were collected from forty-five women mean (SD) age 67.

The potential role of variations in juvenile hip geometry on the development of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a biomechanical investigation.

Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCP) is one of the most poorly understood diseases in paediatric orthopaedics. One common trait of LCP is the marked morphological difference between healthy and pathological hips, early deviations of which (i.e.

The effect of boundary constraints on finite element modelling of the human pelvis.

The use of finite element analysis (FEA) to investigate the biomechanics of anatomical systems critically relies on the specification of physiologically representative boundary conditions. The biomechanics of the pelvis has been the specific focus of a number of FEA studies previously, but it is also a key aspect in other investigations of, for example, the hip joint or new design of hip prostheses. In those studies, the pelvis has been modelled in a number of ways with a variety of boundary conditions, ranging from a model of the whole pelvic girdle including soft tissue attachments to a model of an isolated hemi-pelvis.

Skeletal immaturity, rostral sparing, and disparate hip morphologies as biomechanical causes for Legg-Calvé-Perthes' disease.

Legg-Calvé-Perthes' (Perthes') disease is a developmental disease of the hip joint that may result in numerous short and long term problems. The etiology of the disease remains largely unknown, but the mechanism is believed to be vascular and/or biomechanical in nature. There are several anatomical characteristics that tend to be prevalent in children with Perthes' disease, namely: skeletal immaturity, reduced height, and rostral sparing.

Sensitivity to model geometry in finite element analyses of reconstructed skeletal structures: experience with a juvenile pelvis.

Biomechanical analysis of juvenile pelvic growth can be used in the evaluation of medical devices and investigation of hip joint disorders. This requires access to scan data of healthy juveniles, which are not always freely available. This article analyses the application of a geometric morphometric technique, which facilitates the reconstruction of the articulated juvenile pelvis from cadaveric remains, in biomechanical modelling.