Beyond the Laws: Parental Monitoring, Perceived Acceptability of Underage Drinking and Alcohol Use Among Belgian Youth.

Parental monitoring behaviors are negatively associated with adolescent substance use. Yet, the processes explaining these associations are still unclear. The current study examined adolescents' knowledge of minimum legal drinking age laws and their perceived acceptability of underage drinking as potential mediators of the links between parental monitoring behaviors and youth alcohol use.

Visual abilities and exploration behaviors as predictors of intelligence in autistic children from preschool to school age.

At the time of diagnosis, parents of autistic children frequently wonder what the future holds for their children in terms of intellectual development. It remains however difficult to answer this question at such a young age. Indeed, while early precursors of intelligence are well known for children following a typical development, these precursors remain to be identified for autistic children.

From early birds to night owls: a longitudinal study of actigraphy-assessed sleep trajectories during the transition from pre- to early adolescence.

Study Objectives: Pre- and early adolescence are believed to constitute periods of important age-related changes in sleep. However, much of the research on these presumed developmental changes has used cross-sectional data or subjective measures of sleep, limiting the quality of the evidence. In addition, little is known about the development of certain features of the sleep-wake cycle pertaining to regularity (e.

Mother-child interactions and child anger proneness as antecedents of changes in sleep during the preschool period.

Age-related developments in sleep during the preschool years are normative and consequential. Yet, very few studies have examined the antecedents of individual differences in such developments, and most have used parental reports of child sleep. This study aimed to investigate the roles of mutual responsiveness in mother-child interactions and child temperamental anger proneness in the prediction of changes in sleep during the preschool period.

Sleep development in preschool predicts executive functioning in early elementary school.

This report investigates the role of normative developments in sleep during preschool years in the prediction of child EF performance at early school age. Sleep was assessed by actigraphy at ages 2, 3, and 4, and EF with behavioral tasks when children were in Grade 2. The results revealed that children whose sleep followed expected developmental trends more rapidly showed better EF performance: a more pronounced decrease in sleep duration between ages 2 and 4 predicted better subsequent working memory, whereas a more pronounced increase in sleep efficiency was predictive of better inhibitory control performance.

Prospective relations between sleep in preschool years and academic achievement at school entry.

It is often assumed that adequate sleep is a key ingredient of children's school success. Research to date, however, suggests modest associations between child sleep and academic achievement. Adopting a developmental perspective, this report investigates the associations between age-related changes in sleep across the preschool period and academic achievement at school entry.

From Early Relationships to Preacademic Knowledge: A Sociocognitive Developmental Cascade to School Readiness.

This study aimed to test a four-wave sequential mediation model linking mother-child attachment to children's school readiness through child executive functioning (EF) and prosociality in toddlerhood and the preschool years. Mother-child attachment security was assessed when children (N = 255) were aged 15 months and 2 years, child EF at age 2, prosocial behavior at age 4, and finally cognitive school readiness in kindergarten (age 6). The results revealed three indirect pathways linking attachment to school readiness: one through EF only, one through prosocial behavior only, and a last pathway involving both EF and prosocial behavior serially.