Artificial intelligence-aided ultrasound imaging in hepatopancreatobiliary surgery: where are we now?

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) models have been applied in various medical imaging modalities and surgical disciplines, however the current status and progress of ultrasound-based AI models within hepatopancreatobiliary surgery have not been evaluated in literature. Therefore, this review aimed to provide an overview of ultrasound-based AI models used for hepatopancreatobiliary surgery, evaluating current advancements, validation, and predictive accuracies.

Method: Databases PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane, and Web of Science were searched for studies using AI models on ultrasound for patients undergoing hepatopancreatobiliary surgery.

Multi-Omics Profiles of Chronic Low Back Pain and Fibromyalgia - Study Protocol.

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) and fibromyalgia (FM) are leading causes of suffering, disability, and social costs. Current pharmacological treatments do not target molecular mechanisms driving CLBP and FM, and no validated biomarkers are available, hampering the development of effective therapeutics. Omics research has the potential to substantially advance our ability to develop mechanism-specific therapeutics by identifying pathways involved in the pathophysiology of CLBP and FM, and facilitate the development of diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic biomarkers.

Functional Prokaryotic-Like Deoxycytidine Triphosphate Deaminases and Thymidylate Synthase in Eukaryotic Social Amoebae: Vertical, Endosymbiotic, or Horizontal Gene Transfer?

The de novo synthesis of deoxythymidine triphosphate uses several pathways: gram-negative bacteria use deoxycytidine triphosphate deaminase to convert deoxycytidine triphosphate into deoxyuridine triphosphate, whereas eukaryotes and gram-positive bacteria instead use deoxycytidine monophosphate deaminase to transform deoxycytidine monophosphate to deoxyuridine monophosphate. It is then unusual that in addition to deoxycytidine monophosphate deaminases, the eukaryote Dictyostelium discoideum has 2 deoxycytidine triphosphate deaminases (Dcd1Dicty and Dcd2Dicty). Expression of either DcdDicty can fully rescue the slow growth of an Escherichia coli dcd knockout.

Genome sequences of six cluster CT and two cluster DJ bacteriophages that infect .

We report the genome sequences of eight bacteriophages isolated using NRRL B-16540-SEA. Based on gene content similarity to phages in the Actinobacteriophage database, six of the phages are assigned to phage cluster CT while two are assigned to cluster DJ.

Models of Classroom Assessment for Course-Based Research Experiences.

Course-based research pedagogy involves positioning students as contributors to authentic research projects as part of an engaging educational experience that promotes their learning and persistence in science. To develop a model for assessing and grading students engaged in this type of learning experience, the assessment aims and practices of a community of experienced course-based research instructors were collected and analyzed. This approach defines four aims of course-based research assessment - 1) Assessing Laboratory Work and Scientific Thinking; 2) Evaluating Mastery of Concepts, Quantitative Thinking and Skills; 3) Appraising Forms of Scientific Communication; and 4) Metacognition of Learning - along with a set of practices for each aim.

3D-printed external cranial protection following decompressive craniectomy after brain injury: A pilot feasibility cohort study.

Objectives: 3D-printed (3DP) customized temporary cranial protection solutions following decompressive craniectomy (DC) are currently not widely practiced. A pilot trial of a 3DP customized head protection prototype device (HPPD) on 10 subjects was conducted during the subacute rehabilitation phase.

Materials And Methods: Subjects > 30 days post-DC with stable cranial flaps and healed wounds were enrolled.

Mitochondrial localization of Dictyostelium discoideum dUTPase mediated by its N-terminus.

Objective: The nuclear and mitochondrial genomes of Dictyostelium discoideum, a unicellular eukaryote, have relatively high A+T-contents of 77.5% and 72.65%, respectively.

Improving Resident Feedback on Diagnostic Reasoning after Handovers: The LOOP Project.

Appropriate calibration of clinical reasoning is critical to becoming a competent physician. Lack of follow-up after transitions of care can present a barrier to calibration. This study aimed to implement structured feedback about clinical reasoning for residents performing overnight admissions, measure the frequency of diagnostic changes, and determine how feedback impacts learners' self-efficacy.

Influenza D virus M2 protein exhibits ion channel activity in Xenopus laevis oocytes.

Background: A new type of influenza virus, known as type D, has recently been identified in cattle and pigs. Influenza D virus infection in cattle is typically asymptomatic; however, its infection in swine can result in clinical disease. Swine can also be infected with all other types of influenza viruses, namely A, B, and C.

New Visible-Light Photoinitiating System for Improved Print Fidelity in Gelatin-Based Bioinks.

Oxygen inhibition is a phenomenon that directly impacts the print fidelity of 3D biofabricated and photopolymerized hydrogel constructs. It typically results in the undesirable physical collapse of fabricated constructs due to impaired cross-linking, and is an issue that generally remains unreported in the literature. In this study, we describe a systematic approach to minimizing oxygen inhibition in photopolymerized gelatin-methacryloyl (Gel-MA)-based hydrogel constructs, by comparing a new visible-light initiating system, Vis + ruthenium (Ru)/sodium persulfate (SPS) to more conventionally adopted ultraviolet (UV) + Irgacure 2959 system.

Structural insights into the mechanism defining substrate affinity in Arabidopsis thaliana dUTPase: the role of tryptophan 93 in ligand orientation.

Background: Deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase (dUTPase) hydrolyzes dUTP to dUMP and pyrophosphate to maintain the cellular thymine-uracil ratio. dUTPase is also a target for cancer chemotherapy. However, the mechanism defining its substrate affinity remains unclear.

Predictive value of the present-on-admission indicator for hospital-acquired venous thromboembolism.

Background: Hospital-acquired venous thromboembolic (HA-VTE) events are an important, preventable cause of morbidity and death, but accurately identifying HA-VTE events requires labor-intensive chart review. Administrative diagnosis codes and their associated "present-on-admission" (POA) indicator might allow automated identification of HA-VTE events, but only if VTE codes are accurately flagged "not present-on-admission" (POA=N). New codes were introduced in 2009 to improve accuracy.

Glycopeptidome of a heavily N-glycosylated cell surface glycoprotein of Dictyostelium implicated in cell adhesion.

Genetic analysis has implicated the cell surface glycoprotein gp130 in cell interactions of the social amoeba Dictyostelium, and information about the utilization of the 18 N-glycosylation sequons present in gp130 is needed to identify critical molecular determinants of its activity. Various glycomics strategies, including mass spectrometry of native and derivatized glycans, monosaccharide analysis, exoglycosidase digestion, and antibody binding, were applied to characterize a nonanchored version secreted from Dictyostelium. s-gp130 is modified by a predominant Man(8)GlcNAc(4) species containing bisecting and intersecting GlcNAc residues and additional high-mannose N-glycans substituted with sulfate, methyl-phosphate, and/or core alpha 3-fucose.

Glycoprotein gp130 of dictyostelium discoideum influences macropinocytosis and adhesion.

Glycoprotein gp130, found on the plasma membrane of Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae, was postulated previously to play a role in phagocytosis. The gene for gp130 was cloned and when translated, yielded a 768 amino acid preproprotein of 85.3 kDa.