Diagnostic Performance of Stool-based Testing for Colorectal Lesions Among Average-risk Individuals: A Real-world Evidence Study.

Objective: We assessed the real-world performance of stool-based tests (SBTs) for colorectal cancer screening.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective review of average-risk individuals with positive SBT for advanced neoplasia (adenocarcinoma, advanced adenoma, and/or advanced serrated lesions) detection at follow-up colonoscopy.

Results: There was no statistical difference in the detection of advanced neoplasia (P= 0.

Colorectal cancer screening uptake and adherence by modality at a large tertiary care center in the United States: a retrospective analysis.

Objective: Real-world data is crucial to inform existing opportunistic colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention programs. This study aimed to assess CRC screening adherence and utilization of various screening modalities within a Primary Care network over a three-year period (2017-2019).

Methods: A retrospective review of individuals aged 50-75 years at average CRC risk, with at least one clinic visit in the previous 24 months.

Speedometer for withdrawal time monitoring during colonoscopy: a clinical implementation trial.

Objectives: Meticulous inspection of the mucosa during colonoscopy, represents a lengthier withdrawal time, but has been shown to increase adenoma detection rate (ADR). We investigated if artificial intelligence-aided speed monitoring can improve suboptimal withdrawal time.

Methods: We evaluated the implementation of a computer-aided speed monitoring device during colonoscopy at a large academic endoscopy center.

Artificial intelligence in colonoscopy.

Colorectal cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), specifically computer aided detection and computer-aided diagnosis offer promising methods of increasing adenoma detection rates with the goal of removing more pre-cancerous polyps. Conversely, these methods also may allow for smaller non-cancerous lesions to be diagnosed and left in place, decreasing the risks that come with unnecessary polypectomies.

[Risk Prediction Using Routine Data: Development and Validation of Multivariable Models Predicting 30- and 90-day Mortality after Surgical Treatment of Colorectal Cancer].

Aims: Quality control, benchmarking, and pay for performance (P4P) require valid indicators and statistical models allowing adjustment for differences in risk profiles of the patient populations of the respective institutions. Using hospital remuneration data for measuring quality and modelling patient risks has been criticized by clinicians. Here we explore the potential of prediction models for 30- and 90-day mortality after colorectal cancer surgery based on routine data.

The Association between Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Cancer Risk: Results from the Prospective KORA F4 Study.

Background: Many studies have examined the relationship between vitamin D and specific types of cancer with inconsistent results. Furthermore, to date, no observational studies have demonstrated a clear relationship between vitamin D and total cancer risk.

Methods: We analyzed data from a population-based prospective cohort study including 2,003 initially cancer-free participants from the KORA F4 study with baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) measurements (surveyed between 2006 and 2008).

Cutting edge: Compartmentalization of Th1-like noninvariant CD1d-reactive T cells in hepatitis C virus-infected liver.

Murine intrahepatic lymphocytes (IHL) are dominated by invariant TCR alpha-chain expressing CD1d-reactive NKT cells, which can cause model hepatitis. Invariant NKT (CD56(+/-)CD161(+)) and recently identified noninvariant CD1d-reactive T cells rapidly produce large amounts of IL-4 and/or IFN-gamma and can regulate Th1/Th2 responses. Human liver contains large numbers of CD56(+) NKT cells but few invariant NKT.